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Biological and pharmaceutical activities of mushroom β-Glucan discussed as a potential functional food ingredient
Publication date: Available online 27 December 2017 Source:Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre Author(s): Asma Ashraf Khan, Adil Gani, Firdous A. Khanday, F.A. Masoodi Mushroom species have been recognized as medicinal plant due to presence of various bioactive compounds. The well known bioactive compound for biological and pharmaceutical activities present in mushroom species is β-glucan. The β-glucan from other sources like yeasts and cereals is well summarized in the literature, but mushroom β-glucan is not well documented. Mushroom β-glucans provide a unique opportunity for the discovery of novel therap...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - December 27, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

Influence of low molecular weight compounds associated to cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) fiber on lipid metabolism, glycemia and insulinemia of normal mice
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cashew fiber wheter or not associated with low molecular weight compounds on lipid profile, abdominal adiposity, glycemia and insulinemia and serum concentration of ghrelin and leptin hormones from normal mice. We evaluated the cashew fiber in its integral form (IcF) and the cashew fiber after being submitted to the process of extraction of low molecular weight metabolites (cFSM). The two fibers were incorporated into the feed of male Swiss mice for 15 weeks. At the end of the treatment, blood glucose, total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, urea, AST, ALT, ...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - December 21, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

Dough rheology and physicochemical properties of steamed buns fortified with cross-linked rice starch
The objective of the research was to study the effect of cross-linked (CL) rice starch (RS type 4) at different levels (0%, 15% and 30%) on dough rheology, physicochemical and sensory acceptance of steamed bun. CL rice starch was produced by cross-linking rice starch with combination of 12% sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate for 3h at 45°C under alkaline condition. The dough of steamed bun was characterized by Farinograph and Extensograph, whereas cooked steamed bun was characterized by total dietary fibre, protein, moisture, textural properties, colour and sensory acceptance. Incorporation of CL rice sta...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - October 14, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

Sulfated polysaccharides from Padina tetrastromatica arrest cell cycle, prevent metastasis and downregulate angiogenic mediators in HeLa cells
Publication date: Available online 14 October 2017 Source:Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre Author(s): Geena Mariya Jose, G. Muraleedhara Kurup Development of therapeutic agents that can inhibit cell cycle, metastasis and angiogenesis in cancer cells is now emerging as a crucial strategy for cancer management. Some marine derived compounds such as sulfated polysaccharides were found to possess all these properties and hence they can be exploited well for these therapeutic applications. Based on this background, the current study focuses on the cell cycle arresting, anti metastatic and anti angiogenic activities...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - October 14, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

Bioactive effect of sulphated polysaccharides derived from orange-footed sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa) toward THP-1 macrophages
The objectives of this work were to test the immunomodulating properties of heteroglycan fractions (FCFs) derived from Atlantic sea cucumbers toward phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) differentiated THP-1 macrophages. Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) was determined and cell culture media was collected and analyzed for presence of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10). FCFs toxicity toward macrophages was evaluated by light microscopy and confirmed by XTT proliferation assay. Heteroglycans derived from cartilage of Atlantic sea cucumber showed immunomodulatory activity in THP...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - September 22, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

In vivo study of medical and biological properties of functional bakery products with the addition of pumpkin flour
Publication date: Available online 8 September 2017 Source:Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre Author(s): Lyubov Dyshlyuk, Olga Babich, Alexander Prosekov, Svetlana Ivanova, Valery Pavsky, Yong Yang We studied the hypocholesterolemic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and prebiotic properties of bakery products with the content of pumpkin flour. To study the functional quality of products with pumpkin flour, in vivo studies on the influence of feed mixtures with the addition of bakery products, formulation and manufacturing technology of which were developed by us, were performed on the group of laboratory animal...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - September 9, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

In Vivo Digestibility of Cross-Linked Phosphorylated (RS4) Wheat Starch in Ileostomy Subjects
Publication date: Available online 12 August 2017 Source:Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre Author(s): M. Iacovou, J. Lim, C.C. Maningat, A. Bogotyrev, E. Ly, S. Dhital, M.J. Gidley, Y.-C. Shi, J. Muir, P.A. Seib An intervention study was conducted to determine the in vivo digestibility of a commercial Type 4 resistant starch, namely, cross-linked phosphorylated (0.4% P) wheat starch (CLP wheat starch). Commercial unmodified (native) wheat starch was the negative control. Eleven ileostomy subjects participated in a randomized, double-blinded, cross-over design with a one-week washout period between test ...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - August 17, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

Structural, rheological,  antioxidant, and functional properties of β–glucan extracted from edible mushrooms Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Coprinus attrimentarius
Publication date: July 2017 Source:Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre, Volume 11 Author(s): Asma Ashraf Khan, Adil Gani, F.A. Masoodi, Umar Mushtaq, Azza Silotry Naik β-glucan was extracted from three edible mushroom varieties namely Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Coprinus attrimentarius using hot water extraction method. The extracted β-glucan was studied to investigate its structural, rheological, antioxidant and functional properties. The ATR-FTIR was used to elicit the structural conformations of the three β-glucan and SEM was used to study the surface topography. The rheological properties...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - August 5, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

Impact of resistant vs. digested starch on starch energy value in the pig gut
Publication date: Available online 4 August 2017 Source:Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre Author(s): Janelle M. Fouhse, Ruurd T. Zijlstra A major energy substrate for monogastric species such as humans and swine is starch from cereal grains, pulses and tubers. The rate, site and extent of starch digestion in the gastro-intestinal tract are dependent on the intrinsic factors of starch origin and the extrinsic factors such as applied processing methods. In monogastric species, starch escaping small intestinal digestion becomes readily available for microbial fermentation in the hindgut and has been coined resista...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - August 5, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

Cordyceps Sinensis: Anti-fibrotic and inflammatory effects of a cultured polysaccharide extract
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2017 Source:Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre Author(s): Danfei Huang, Soma Meran, Shao-Ping Nie, Adam Midgley, Junqiao Wang, Steve W. Cui, Mingyong Xie, Glyn O. Phillips, Aled O. Phillips It has been suggested that the traditional Chinese herbal preparation Cordyceps Sinensis (CS) may have a beneficial effect in renal disease. To satisfy increasing demand, CS derivatives have been produced by aseptic mycelia cultivation. We have demonstrated antifibrotic activity of cultured CS previously. The aim of this study was to examine bioactivity of a polysaccharide is...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - August 2, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

The impact of supplementation with dietary fibers on weight loss: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Publication date: Available online 27 July 2017 Source:Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre Author(s): Kia Yong Chew, Iain A. Brownlee The prevalence of excess body weight has significantly increased, with recent estimates suggesting 1.9 billion people are overweight or obese worldwide. While intake of dietary fiber (mainly from plant-based foods) is associated with improved weight management over time, it is uncertain whether dietary fiber isolates will benefit weight loss. The present study aimed to systematically assess the current evidence that dietary fiber supplementation can impact on weight loss in overwei...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - August 1, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

The impact of supplementation with dietary fibres on weight loss: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Publication date: Available online 27 July 2017 Source:Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre Author(s): Kia Yong Chew, Iain A Brownlee The prevalence of excess body weight has significantly increased, with recent estimates suggesting 1.9 billion people are overweight or obese worldwide. While intake of dietary fibre (mainly from plant-based foods) is associated with improved weight management over time, it is uncertain whether dietary fibre isolates will benefit weight loss. The present study aimed to systematically assess the current evidence that dietary fibre supplementation can impact on weight loss in overweig...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - July 28, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

The effect of high β-glucan flour incorporation into instant rice porridge on satiety and energy intake
Publication date: Available online 27 July 2017 Source:Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre Author(s): Jowee Ng, Iain A Brownlee Soluble dietary fibres such as oat β-glucan have been suggested to increase gastrointestinal viscosity to improve appetite regulation and reduce subsequent food intake. However, a paucity of research regarding the appetite-regulating effects of β-glucan in semisolid test meals exists. The aim of this study was to examine the appetite-regulating effects of instant rice porridge enriched with oat β-glucan on postprandial satiety and 24-hour prospective energy intake. In a crossover, sin...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - July 28, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

In vitro fermentation of beta-glucans and other selected carbohydrates by infant fecal inoculum: An evaluation of their potential as prebiotics in infant formula
Publication date: Available online 27 July 2017 Source:Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre Author(s): Ka-Lung Lam, Hoi-Yee Keung, Kin-Chun Ko, Hoi-Shan Kwan, Peter Chi-Keung Cheung Prebiotics are being added to infant formula in order to mimic the effects of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) for the growth of probiotic bacteria especially bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the infant gut. This preliminary study compares the in vitro fermentation of 13 different carbohydrates including monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides by infant fecal samples collected from 3-month old breast...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - July 27, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

Bioactive polysaccharide from edible Dictyophora spp.: Extraction, purification, structural features and bioactivities
Publication date: Available online 24 July 2017 Source:Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre Author(s): Yuxiao Wang, Xiaodan Shi, Junyi Yin, Shaoping Nie Dictyophora indusiata and many other Dictyophora mushrooms distribute widely around the world. They have long been used as edible mushroom in China. Owing to the outstanding healthy benefits, various bioactive substances from Dictyophora indusiata, including polysaccharide, amino acid, vitamin and protein, have been studied in recent years. Polysaccharide is one of the most important substances reported through out years. This review outlines recent progress on ...
Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre - July 25, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research