AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Estrogen and cigarette sidestream smoke particulate matter exhibit ER{alpha}-dependent tumor-promoting effects in lung adenocarcinoma cells
This study demonstrates that estrogen has ERα-dependent tumor-promoting activity. CSSP acts like estrogen and shows a potential to enhance estrogen-induced ERα action. (Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology)
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - September 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kuo, L.-C., Cheng, L.-C., Lee, C.-H., Lin, C.-J., Chen, P.-Y., Li, L.-A. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Synergistic mucus secretion by histamine and IL-4 through TMEM16A in airway epithelium
Histamine is an important mediator of allergic reactions, and mucus hypersecretion is a major allergic symptom. However, the direct effect of histamine on mucus secretion from airway mucosal epithelia has not been clearly demonstrated. TMEM16A is a Ca2+-activated chloride channel, and it is closely related to fluid secretion in airway mucosal epithelia. We investigated whether histamine directly induces fluid secretion from epithelial cells or submucosal glands (SMG) and mechanisms related, therewith, in allergic airway diseases. In pig airway tissues from the nose or trachea, histamine was a potent secretagogue that direc...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - September 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kang, J. W., Lee, Y. H., Kang, M. J., Lee, H. J., Oh, R., Min, H. J., Namkung, W., Choi, J. Y., Lee, S. N., Kim, C.-H., Yoon, J.-H., Cho, H.-J. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

The uncoupling of autophagy and zinc homeostasis in airway epithelial cells as a fundamental contributor to COPD
The proper regulation of zinc (Zn) trafficking proteins and the cellular distribution of Zn are critical for the maintenance of autophagic processes. However, there have been no studies that have examined Zn dyshomeostasis and the disease-related modulation of autophagy observed in the airways afflicted with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesized that dysregulated autophagy in airway epithelial cells (AECs) is related to Zn dysregulation in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced COPD. We applied a human ex vivo air-liquid interface model, a murine model of smoke exposure, and human lung tissues and investigate...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - September 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Roscioli, E., Tran, H. B., Jersmann, H., Nguyen, P. T., Hopkins, E., Lester, S., Farrow, N., Zalewski, P., Reynolds, P. N., Hodge, S. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Biomarkers of exposure to new and emerging tobacco delivery products
Accurate and reliable measurements of exposure to tobacco products are essential for identifying and confirming patterns of tobacco product use and for assessing their potential biological effects in both human populations and experimental systems. Due to the introduction of new tobacco-derived products and the development of novel ways to modify and use conventional tobacco products, precise and specific assessments of exposure to tobacco are now more important than ever. Biomarkers that were developed and validated to measure exposure to cigarettes are being evaluated to assess their use for measuring exposure to these n...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - September 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Schick, S. F., Blount, B. C., Jacob, P., Saliba, N. A., Bernert, J. T., El Hellani, A., Jatlow, P., Pappas, R. S., Wang, L., Foulds, J., Ghosh, A., Hecht, S. S., Gomez, J. C., Martin, J. R., Mesaros, C., Srivastava, S., St. Helen, G., Tarran, R., Lorkiewi Tags: PERSPECTIVE Source Type: research

Effect of long-term maternal smoking on the offsprings lung health
This study aims to investigate the effect of maternal cigarette smoke exposure (SE), as well as mitochondria-targeted antioxidant [mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ)] treatment, during pregnancy on the RAGE-mediated signaling pathway in the lung of male offspring. Female Balb/c mice (8 wk) were divided into a sham group (exposed to air), an SE group (exposed to cigarette smoke), and an SE + MQ group (exposed to cigarette smoke with MitoQ supplement from mating). The lungs from male offspring were collected at 13 wk. RAGE and its downstream signaling, including nuclear factor-B and mitogen-activated protein kinase family consisti...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sukjamnong, S., Chan, Y. L., Zakarya, R., Saad, S., Sharma, P., Santiyanont, R., Chen, H., Oliver, B. G. Tags: RAPID REPORT Source Type: research

GABAA receptor {alpha}4-subunit knockout enhances lung inflammation and airway reactivity in a murine asthma model
Emerging evidence indicates that hypnotic anesthetics affect immune function. Many anesthetics potentiate -aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABAAR) activation, and these receptors are expressed on multiple subtypes of immune cells, providing a potential mechanistic link. Like immune cells, airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells also express GABAARs, particularly isoforms containing α4-subunits, and activation of these receptors leads to ASM relaxation. We sought to determine if GABAAR signaling modulates the ASM contractile and inflammatory phenotype of a murine allergic asthma model utilizing GABAAR α4-subunit global k...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yocum, G. T., Turner, D. L., Danielsson, J., Barajas, M. B., Zhang, Y., Xu, D., Harrison, N. L., Homanics, G. E., Farber, D. L., Emala, C. W. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Transgenerational transmission of asthma risk after exposure to environmental particles during pregnancy
Exposure to environmental particles during pregnancy increases asthma susceptibility of the offspring. We tested the hypothesis that this transmission continues to F2 and F3 generations and occurs via epigenetic mechanisms. We compared allergic susceptibility of three generations of BALB/c offspring after a single maternal exposure during pregnancy to diesel exhaust particles or concentrated urban air particles. After pregnant dams received intranasal instillations of particle suspensions or control, their F1, F2, and F3 offspring were tested in a low-dose ovalbumin protocol for sensitivity to allergic asthma. We found tha...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gregory, D. J., Kobzik, L., Yang, Z., McGuire, C. C., Fedulov, A. V. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Integrin {alpha}v{beta}5 inhibition protects against ischemia-reperfusion-induced lung injury in an autophagy-dependent manner
Integrin αvβ5 mediates pulmonary endothelial barrier function and acute lung injury (LI), but its roles in cell apoptosis and autophagy are unclear. Thus, the aims of this study were to investigate the significance of αvβ5 in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced apoptosis and LI and to explore the relationship between αvβ5 and autophagy. Human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMVECs) were pretreated with an αvβ5-blocking antibody (ALULA) and challenged with oxygen-glucose deprivation/oxygen-glucose restoration, which mimics I/R; then, cellular autophagy and apoptosis wer...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Zhang, D., Li, C., Song, Y., Zhou, J., Li, Y., Li, J., Bai, C. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-{gamma} enhances human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell apoptosis through microRNA-21 and programmed cell death 4
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disorder whose cellular pathogenesis involves enhanced smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and resistance to apoptosis signals. Existing evidence demonstrates that the tumor suppressor programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) affects patterns of cell growth and repair responses in the systemic vasculature following experimental injury. In the current study, the regulation PDCD4 and its functional effects on growth and apoptosis susceptibility in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were explored. We previously demonstrated that pharmacological activation of the nuclear transcription f...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Green, D. E., Murphy, T. C., Kang, B.-Y., Bedi, B., Yuan, Z., Sadikot, R. T., Hart, C. M. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and airway fibrosis in asthma
In this study, we explored the profibrotic influence of BDNF in the context of asthma by examining expression, activity, and deposition of ECM proteins in primary ASM cells isolated from asthmatic vs. nonasthmatic patients. Basal BDNF expression and secretion, and levels of the high-affinity BDNF receptor TrkB, were higher in asthmatic ASM. Exogenous BDNF significantly increased ECM production and deposition, especially of collagen-1 and collagen-3 (less so fibronectin) and the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9). Exposure to the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα significantly increased BDNF secretion, p...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Freeman, M. R., Sathish, V., Manlove, L., Wang, S., Britt, R. D., Thompson, M. A., Pabelick, C. M., Prakash, Y. S. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

EETs promote hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction via constrictor prostanoids
In conclusion, an EET-dependent alteration in PG metabolism that favors the action of vasoconstrictor PGH2 and TXA2 potentiates HPV and hypoxia-induced elevation of RVSP in sEH-deficient mice. (Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology)
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kandhi, S., Zhang, B., Froogh, G., Qin, J., Alruwaili, N., Le, Y., Yang, Y.-M., Hwang, S. H., Hammock, B. D., Wolin, M. S., Huang, A., Sun, D. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

miR-29b supplementation decreases expression of matrix proteins and improves alveolarization in mice exposed to maternal inflammation and neonatal hyperoxia
Even with advances in the care of preterm infants, chronic lung disease or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) continues to be a significant pulmonary complication. Among those diagnosed with BPD, a subset of infants develop severe BPD with disproportionate pulmonary morbidities. In addition to decreased alveolarization, these infants develop obstructive and/or restrictive lung function due to increases in or dysregulation of extracellular matrix proteins. Analyses of plasma obtained from preterm infants during the first week of life indicate that circulating miR-29b is suppressed in infants that subsequently develop BPD and ...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Durrani-Kolarik, S., Pool, C. A., Gray, A., Heyob, K. M., Cismowski, M. J., Pryhuber, G., Lee, L. J., Yang, Z., Tipple, T. E., Rogers, L. K. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

A novel role for primary cilia in airway remodeling
In conclusion, PC are necessary for the development of airway remodeling by mediating calcium flux and Sonic Hedgehog signaling. (Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology)
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Trempus, C. S., Song, W., Lazrak, A., Yu, Z., Creighton, J. R., Young, B. M., Heise, R. L., Yu, Y. R., Ingram, J. L., Tighe, R. M., Matalon, S., Garantziotis, S. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Surfactant replacement therapy reduces acute lung injury and collapse induration-related lung remodeling in the bleomycin model
In conclusion, reduction in surface tension was effective to stabilize alveoli linked with an attenuation of parameters of acute lung injury at D3 and collapse induration at D7. Hence, SRT modifies disease progression to collapse induration. (Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology)
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Steffen, L., Ruppert, C., Hoymann, H.-G., Funke, M., Ebener, S., Kloth, C., Mühlfeld, C., Ochs, M., Knudsen, L., Lopez-Rodriguez, E. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Hyperpolarized gas diffusion MRI of biphasic lung inflation in short- and long-term emphysema models
This study aimed to characterize lung inflation over a broad range of inflation volume and pressure values in two different models of emphysema, as well as in normal lungs. Elastase-treated rats (n = 7) and healthy controls (n = 7) were imaged with HP MRI. Gradual inflation was achieved by incremental changes to both inflation volume and airway pressure. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was measured at each level of inflation and fitted to the corresponding airway pressures as the second-order response equation, with minimizing residue (2 < 0.001). A biphasic ADC response was detected, with an initial ADC increa...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 1, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Xin, Y., Cereda, M., Kadlecek, S., Emami, K., Hamedani, H., Duncan, I., Rajaei, J., Hughes, L., Meeder, N., Naji, J., Profka, H., Bolognese, B. J., Foley, J. P., Podolin, P. L., Rizi, R. R. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research