AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Metabolic reprogramming via PPAR{alpha} signaling in cardiac hypertrophy and failure: From metabolomics to epigenetics
Studies using omics-based approaches have advanced our knowledge of metabolic remodeling in cardiac hypertrophy and failure. Metabolomic analysis of the failing heart has revealed global changes in mitochondrial substrate metabolism. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) plays a critical role in synergistic regulation of cardiac metabolism through transcriptional control. Metabolic reprogramming via PPARα signaling in heart failure ultimately propagates into myocardial energetics. However, emerging evidence suggests that the expression level of PPARα per se does not always explain the...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 12, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Warren, J. S., Oka, S.-i., Zablocki, D., Sadoshima, J. Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
The human coronary vasodilatory response to acute mental stress is mediated by neuronal nitric oxide synthase
Mental stress-induced ischemia approximately doubles the risk of cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease, yet the mechanisms underlying changes in coronary blood flow in response to mental stress are poorly characterized. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) regulates basal coronary blood flow in healthy humans and mediates mental stress-induced vasodilation in the forearm. However, its possible role in mental stress-induced increases in coronary blood flow is unknown. We studied 11 patients (6 men and 5 women, mean age: 58 ± 14 yr) undergoing elective diagnostic cardiac catheterization and assessed...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Khan, S. G., Melikian, N., Shabeeh, H., Cabaco, A. R., Martin, K., Khan, F., OGallagher, K., Chowienczyk, P. J., Shah, A. M. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Significant role of the cardiopostural interaction in blood pressure regulation during standing
In this study, we aimed to assess the role of the cardiopostural interaction in relation to cardiac baroreflex in blood pressure regulation under orthostatic stress before and after mild exercise. Physiological variables representing cardiovascular control (heart rate and systolic blood pressure), lower limb muscle activation (electromyography), and postural sway (center of pressure derived from force and moment data during sway) were measured from 17 healthy participants (25 ± 2 yr, 9 men and 8 women) during a sit-to-stand test before and after submaximal exercise. The cardiopostural control (characterized by baror...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Xu, D., Verma, A. K., Garg, A., Bruner, M., Fazel-Rezai, R., Blaber, A. P., Tavakolian, K. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Relative contributions from the ventricle and arterial tree to arterial pressure and its amplification: an experimental study
This study offers the first comprehensive investigation of contributors to hypertensive pressure and its propagation throughout the arterial tree. Importantly, ventricular inotropy plays a crucial role in the amplification of peripheral pressure wave, which offers opportunity for noninvasive assessment of ventricular health.
NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present study distinguishes contributions from cardiac and arterial parameters to elevated blood pressure and pressure amplification. Most importantly, it offers the first evidence that ventricular inotropy, an indicator of ventricular function, is an independent determinant of...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gaddum, N., Alastruey, J., Chowienczyk, P., Rutten, M. C. M., Segers, P., Schaeffter, T. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A-type K+ channels contribute to the prorenin increase of firing activity in hypothalamic vasopressin neurosecretory neurons
Recent studies have supported an important contribution of prorenin (PR) and its receptor (PRR) to the regulation of hypothalamic, sympathetic, and neurosecretory outflows to the cardiovascular system, including systemic release of vasopressin (VP), both under physiological and cardiovascular disease conditions. Still, the identification of precise cellular mechanisms and neuronal/molecular targets remain unknown. We have recently shown that PRR is expressed in VP neurons and that their activation increases neuronal activity. However, the underlying ionic channel mechanisms are undefined. Here, we performed patch-clamp ele...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pitra, S., Stern, J. E. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Exercise is good for the heart, but the intensity matters
(Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology)
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zhang, X., Gao, F. Tags: EDITORIAL FOCUS Source Type: research
Sex differences in vascular physiology and pathophysiology: estrogen and androgen signaling in health and disease
Sex differences between women and men are often overlooked and underappreciated when studying the cardiovascular system. It has been long assumed that men and women are physiologically similar, and this notion has resulted in women being clinically evaluated and treated for cardiovascular pathophysiological complications as men. Currently, there is increased recognition of fundamental sex differences in cardiovascular function, anatomy, cell signaling, and pathophysiology. The National Institutes of Health have enacted guidelines expressly to gain knowledge about ways the sexes differ in both normal function and diseases a...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Boese, A. C., Kim, S. C., Yin, K.-J., Lee, J.-P., Hamblin, M. H. Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Exosomes: promising sacks for treating ischemic heart disease?
Ischemic heart disease(IHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the development of continuously improving therapeutic strategies, morbidity and mortality of patients with IHD remain relatively high. Exosomes are a subpopulation of vesicles that are universally recognized as major mediators in intercellular communication. Numerous preclinical studies have shown that these tiny vesicles were protective in IHD, through such actions as alleviating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, promoting angiogenesis, inhibiting fibrosis, and facilitating cardiac regeneration. Our review focused on these beneficial exosom...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chen, G.-H., Xu, J., Yang, Y.-J. Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Increased vascular and uteroplacental matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -7 levels and collagen type I deposition in hypertension in pregnancy: role of TNF-{alpha}
This study showed that placental ischemia, possibly through the release of TNF-α, causes increases in the levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-7, which could alter collagen deposition and cause inadequate uteroplacental and vascular remodeling in hypertension in pregnancy. The data suggest that targeting MMP-1 and MMP-7 and their upstream modulators, such as TNF-α, could provide a new approach in the management of hypertension in pregnancy and preeclampsia. (Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology)
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Li, W., Cui, N., Mazzuca, M. Q., Mata, K. M., Khalil, R. A. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
FoxO1 regulates myocardial glucose oxidation rates via transcriptional control of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 expression
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme for glucose oxidation and a critical regulator of metabolic flexibility during the fasting to feeding transition. PDH is regulated via both PDH kinases (PDHK) and PDH phosphatases, which phosphorylate/inactivate and dephosphorylate/activate PDH, respectively. Our goal was to determine whether the transcription factor forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) regulates PDH activity and glucose oxidation in the heart via increasing the expression of Pdk4, the gene encoding PDHK4. To address this question, we differentiated H9c2 myoblasts into cardiac myocytes and modulated FoxO1 activit...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gopal, K., Saleme, B., Al Batran, R., Aburasayn, H., Eshreif, A., Ho, K. L., Ma, W. K., Almutairi, M., Eaton, F., Gandhi, M., Park, E. A., Sutendra, G., Ussher, J. R. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Hearts lacking plasma membrane KATP channels display changes in basal aerobic metabolic substrate preference and AMPK activity
In this study, we show that genetic ablation of plasma membrane ATP-sensitive K+ channels results in pronounced changes in cardiac metabolic substrate preference and AMP-activated protein kinase activity. These results suggest that ATP-sensitive K+ channels may play a novel role in regulating metabolism in addition to their well-documented effects on ionic homeostasis during periods of stress. (Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology)
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Youssef, N., Campbell, S., Barr, A., Gandhi, M., Hunter, B., Dolinsky, V., Dyck, J. R. B., Clanachan, A. S., Light, P. E. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Severity of structural and functional right ventricular remodeling depends on training load in an experimental model of endurance exercise
In conclusion, we showed a biphasic, unbalanced RV remodeling response with increasing doses of exercise: physiological adaptation after MOD training turns adverse with INT training, involving disproportionate RV dilatation, decreased contractility, and impaired diastolic function. Our findings support the existence of an exercise load threshold beyond which cardiac remodeling becomes maladaptive.
NEW & NOTEWORTHY Exercise promotes left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy with no changes in systolic or diastolic function in healthy rats. Conversely, right ventricular adaptation to physical activity follows a biphasic, do...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sanz-de la Garza, M., Rubies, C., Batlle, M., Bijnens, B. H., Mont, L., Sitges, M., Guasch, E. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Corrigendum
(Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology)
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - August 11, 2017 Category: Cardiology Tags: CORRIGENDA Source Type: research
Errata for vol. 313, p.
(Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology)
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - August 11, 2017 Category: Cardiology Tags: CORRIGENDA Source Type: research
