AJP: Advances in Physiology Education This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Investigation of physiological properties of nerves and muscles using electromyography
The measurement and representation of the electrical activity of muscles [electromyography (EMG)] have a long history from the Victorian Era until today. Currently, EMG has uses both as a research tool, in noninvasively recording muscle activation, and clinically in the diagnosis and assessment of nerve and muscle disease and injury as well as in assessing the recovery of neuromuscular function after nerve damage. In the present report, we describe the use of a basic EMG setup in our teaching laboratories to demonstrate some of these current applications. Our practical also illustrates some fundamental physiological and st...
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - November 29, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Roe, S. M., Johnson, C. D., Tansey, E. A. Tags: SOURCEBOOK OF LABORATORY ACTIVITIES IN PHYSIOLOGY Source Type: research

Combining simulated patients and simulators: pilot study of hybrid simulation in teaching cardiac auscultation
Auscultation torsos are widely used to teach position-dependent heart sounds and murmurs. To provide a more realistic teaching experience, both whole body auscultation mannequins and torsos have been used in clinical examination skills training at the Medical Faculty of the University of Muenster since the winter term of 2008–2009. This training has since been extended by simulated patients, which are normal, healthy subjects who have undergone attachment of the electronic components of the auscultation mannequins to their chests to mimic pathophysiological conditions ("hybrid models"). The acceptance of this new lea...
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - November 29, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Friederichs, H., Weissenstein, A., Ligges, S., Moller, D., Becker, J. C., Marschall, B. Tags: HOW WE TEACH: CLASSROOM AND LABORATORY RESEARCH PROJECTS Source Type: research

The flipped exam: creating an environment in which students discover for themselves the concepts and principles we want them to learn
This report describes a student-centered class activity, the "flipped exam," designed to achieve this goal. The flipped exam was a collaborative, group effort, and learning was interactive. It included a significant proportion (~30–35%) of material not covered in class. This required students to actively search for content and context, dynamically making connections between what they knew and what they learned, grappling with complexity, uncertainty, and ambiguity, and finally discovering answers to important questions. Accordingly, the need or desire to know was the catalyst for meaningful learning. Student assessme...
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - November 29, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Lujan, H. L., DiCarlo, S. E. Tags: HOW WE TEACH: CLASSROOM AND LABORATORY RESEARCH PROJECTS Source Type: research

Positive impact of integrating histology and physiology teaching at a medical school in China
This study assessed the results of the reform by comparing the attitudes and academic achievements of students in the reform curriculum (n = 41) and their traditional curriculum peers (n = 182). An attitude survey was conducted to obtain students' views of their respective histology and physiology instruction. Survey items covered lectures, laboratory teaching, case analyses and small-group case discussions, assessment of students, and overall quality of the courses and instruction. A knowledge test consisting of questions from three sources was given to measure students' mastery of topics that they had learned. Results sh...
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - November 29, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Sherer, R., Wan, Y., Dong, H., Cooper, B., Morgan, I., Peng, B., Liu, J., Wang, L., Xu, D. Tags: HOW WE TEACH: GENERALIZABLE EDUCATION RESEARCH Source Type: research

Fostering improved anatomy and physiology instructor pedagogy
This article describes the results of a 2-yr research study that involved efforts to develop the pedagogical expertise of a group of anatomy and physiology instructors at the college level. Data were collected through a series of individual interviews that included the use of the Teacher Beliefs Inventory questionnaire (23) along with observations onsite in participants' college classrooms and at process-oriented guided inquiry learning (POGIL) curriculum writing workshops. Findings indicated attitudinal shifts on the part of participants from teacher-centered to more student-centered pedagogy and supported the benefits of...
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - November 29, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Mattheis, A., Jensen, M. Tags: HOW WE TEACH: GENERALIZABLE EDUCATION RESEARCH Source Type: research

Use of the NBME Comprehensive Basic Science Examination as a progress test in the preclerkship curriculum of a new medical school
In conclusion, the CBSE was found to have good utility as a progress test and provided external validation of our new internally developed multiple-choice assessments. The data also provide performance benchmarks both for our future students to formatively assess their own progress and for other medical schools to compare learning progression patterns in different curricular models. (Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education)
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - November 29, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Johnson, T. R., Khalil, M. K., Peppler, R. D., Davey, D. D., Kibble, J. D. Tags: HOW WE TEACH: GENERALIZABLE EDUCATION RESEARCH Source Type: research

Exercise and type 2 diabetes: molecular mechanisms regulating glucose uptake in skeletal muscle
Exercise is a well-established tool to prevent and combat type 2 diabetes. Exercise improves whole body metabolic health in people with type 2 diabetes, and adaptations to skeletal muscle are essential for this improvement. An acute bout of exercise increases skeletal muscle glucose uptake, while chronic exercise training improves mitochondrial function, increases mitochondrial biogenesis, and increases the expression of glucose transporter proteins and numerous metabolic genes. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms that mediate the effects of exercise to increase glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. (Source: AJP: ...
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - November 29, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Stanford, K. I., Goodyear, L. J. Tags: REFRESHER COURSE Source Type: research

Aerobic exercise and other healthy lifestyle factors that influence vascular aging
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death in the United States and other modern societies. Advancing age is the major risk factor for CVD, primarily due to stiffening of the large elastic arteries and the development of vascular endothelial dysfunction. In contrast, regular aerobic exercise protects against the development of large elastic artery stiffness and vascular endothelial dysfunction with advancing age. Moreover, aerobic exercise interventions reduce arterial stiffness and restore vascular endothelial function in previously sedentary middle-aged/older adults. Aerobic exercise exerts its bene...
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - November 29, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Santos-Parker, J. R., LaRocca, T. J., Seals, D. R. Tags: REFRESHER COURSE Source Type: research

Resolving an 80-yr-old controversy: the beginning of the modern era of renal physiology
Marcello Malpighi discovered the glomerulus that bears his name in the 17th century, but it was not until the middle of the 19th century, in 1842, that William Bowman in London published his studies of the histological structure of the glomerulus and proposed that urine formation begins with glomerular secretion. At nearly the same time in Marburg, Carl Ludwig, unaware of Bowman's findings, proposed that urine formation begins with glomerular filtration followed by tubule reabsorption. The controversy lasted 80 yr. Prominent investigators weighed in on both sides. Rudolph Heidenhain's findings in 1874 swung the pendulum to...
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - November 29, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Jamison, R. L. Tags: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES Source Type: research

History of hepatic bile formation: old problems, new approaches
Studies of hepatic bile formation reported in 1958 established that it was an osmotically generated water flow. Intravenous infusion of sodium taurocholate established a high correlation between hepatic bile flow and bile acid excretion. Secretin, a hormone that stimulates bicarbonate secretion, was also found to increase hepatic bile flow. The sources of the water entering the biliary system with these two stimuli were differentiated by the use of mannitol. An increase in its excretion parallels the increase in bile flow in response to bile acids but not secretin, which led to a quantitative distinction between canalicula...
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - November 29, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Javitt, N. B. Tags: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES Source Type: research

Playing games during a lecture hour: experience with an online blood grouping game
(Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education)
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - September 1, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Bhaskar, A. Tags: ILLUMINATIONS Source Type: research

The use of Facebook as a tool to increase the interest of undergraduate students in physiology in an interdisciplinary way
(Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education)
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - September 1, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: da Silva de Vargas, L., de Lara, M. V. S., Goncalves, R., das Neves, B.-H. S., Mello-Carpes, P. B. Tags: ILLUMINATIONS Source Type: research

Impact of case-based lectures on students' performance in vascular physiology module
(Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education)
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - September 1, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Latif, R. Tags: ILLUMINATIONS Source Type: research

Blunder lecture to reeducate physiology concepts by cognitive conflict strategy
(Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education)
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - September 1, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Singh, S. Tags: ILLUMINATIONS Source Type: research

Easy method to examine single nerve fiber excitability and conduction parameters using intact nonanesthetized earthworms
The generation and conduction of neuronal action potentials (APs) were the subjects of a cell physiology exercise for first-year medical students. In this activity, students demonstrated the all-or-none nature of AP generation, measured conduction velocity, and examined the dependence of the threshold stimulus amplitude on stimulus duration. For this purpose, they used the median giant nerve fiber (MGF) in the ventral nerve cord of the common earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris). Here, we introduce a specialized stimulation and recording chamber that the nonanesthetized earthworm enters completely unforced. The worm resides in...
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - September 1, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Bahring, R., Bauer, C. K. Tags: SOURCEBOOK OF LABORATORY ACTIVITIES IN PHYSIOLOGY Source Type: research