Advances in Pharmacological Sciences 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Integrating TRPV1 Receptor Function with Capsaicin Psychophysics.
Authors: Smutzer G, Devassy RK
Abstract
Capsaicin is a naturally occurring vanilloid that causes a hot, pungent sensation in the human oral cavity. This trigeminal stimulus activates TRPV1 receptors and stimulates an influx of cations into sensory cells. TRPV1 receptors function as homotetramers that also respond to heat, proinflammatory substances, lipoxygenase products, resiniferatoxin, endocannabinoids, protons, and peptide toxins. Kinase-mediated phosphorylation of TRPV1 leads to increased sensitivity to both chemical and thermal stimuli. In contrast, desensitization occurs via a calcium-dependent mech...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - February 18, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Anti-Parkinson Activity of Petroleum Ether Extract of Ficus religiosa (L.) Leaves.
In this study, effects of Ficus religiosa (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) were studied using in vivo behavioral parameters like catalepsy, muscle rigidity, and locomotor activity and its effects on neurochemical parameters (MDA, CAT, SOD, and GSH) in rats. The experiment was designed by giving haloperidol to induce catalepsy and 6-OHDA to induce Parkinson's disease-like symptoms. The increased cataleptic scores (induced by haloperidol) were significantly (p < 0.001) found to be reduced, with the PEFRE at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg (p.o.). 6-OHDA significantly induced motor dysfunction (muscle rigidity and hypolocom...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - February 18, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Enzyme Inhibitory Properties, Antioxidant Activities, and Phytochemical Profile of Three Medicinal Plants from Turkey.
Authors: Zengin G, Guler GO, Aktumsek A, Ceylan R, Picot CM, Mahomoodally MF
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the inhibitory potential of three medicinal plants (Hedysarum varium, Onobrychis hypargyrea, and Vicia truncatula) from Turkey against key enzymes involved in human pathologies, namely, diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), neurodegenerative disorders (tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase), and hyperpigmentation (tyrosinase). The antioxidant potential, phenolic and flavonoid content of ethyl acetate, and methanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated using in vitro ass...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - January 23, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Can Chronic Nitric Oxide Inhibition Improve Liver and Renal Dysfunction in Bile Duct Ligated Rats?
In conclusion, inhibition of NO production by constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) plays a crucial role in liver injury and renal dysfunction while inhibition of iNOS by AG has beneficial effect. TNF-α is not the main cytokine responsible for liver injury in BDL model. Nitric oxide inhibition did not stop the progression of cholestatic liver damage.
PMID: 26692194 [PubMed] (Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences)
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - December 25, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Olive Mill Waste Extracts: Polyphenols Content, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities.
Authors: Leouifoudi I, Harnafi H, Zyad A
Abstract
Natural polyphenols extracts have been usually associated with great bioactive properties. In this work, we investigated in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of the phenolic olive mill wastewater extracts (OWWE) and the olive cake extracts (OCE). Using the Folin Ciocalteux method, OWWE contained higher total phenol content compared to OCE (8.90 ± 0.728 g/L versus 0.95 ± 0.017 mg/g). The phenolic compounds identification was carried out with a performance liquid chromatograph coupled to tandem mass spectrometry equipment (HPLC-ESI-MS). With...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - December 25, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Pharmacological Evaluation of Antidepressant-Like Effect of Genistein and Its Combination with Amitriptyline: An Acute and Chronic Study.
Authors: Gupta G, Jia Jia T, Yee Woon L, Kumar Chellappan D, Candasamy M, Dua K
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the acute and chronic antidepressant effect of genistein in combination with amitriptyline in mice. Animals were divided into six groups (n = 6) for treatment with water, genistein, or amitriptyline, either alone or in combination for ten days. Animals were subjected to locomotor activity testing; tail suspension test (TST); and forced swim test (FST) and immobility time was recorded on day one and day ten. Acute treatment of all treatment groups did not significantly reduce t...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - December 21, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
High-Dose Estradiol-Replacement Therapy Enhances the Renal Vascular Response to Angiotensin II via an AT2-Receptor Dependent Mechanism.
Authors: Safari T, Nematbakhsh M, Evans RG, Denton KM
Abstract
Physiological levels of estrogen appear to enhance angiotensin type 2 receptor- (AT2R-) mediated vasodilatation. However, the effects of supraphysiological levels of estrogen, analogous to those achieved with high-dose estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women, remain unknown. Therefore, we pretreated ovariectomized rats with a relatively high dose of estrogen (0.5 mg/kg/week) for two weeks. Subsequently, renal hemodynamic responses to intravenous angiotensin II (Ang II, 30-300 ng/kg/min) were tested under anesthesia, while renal...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - December 21, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Targeting AGEs Signaling Ameliorates Central Nervous System Diabetic Complications in Rats.
Authors: Zakaria MN, El-Bassossy HM, Barakat W
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic endocrine disorder associated with several complications as hypertension, advanced brain aging, and cognitive decline. Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is an important mechanism that mediates diabetic complications. Upon binding to their receptor (RAGE), AGEs mediate oxidative stress and/or cause cross-linking with proteins in blood vessels and brain tissues. The current investigation was designed to investigate the effect of agents that decrease AGEs signaling, perindopril which increases soluble RAGE (sRAG...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - October 23, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Therapeutic Potential of Dietary Phenolic Acids.
Authors: Saibabu V, Fatima Z, Khan LA, Hameed S
Abstract
Although modern lifestyle has eased the quality of human life, this lifestyle's related patterns have imparted negative effects on health to acquire multiple diseases. Many synthetic drugs are invented during the last millennium but most if not all of them possess several side effects and proved to be costly. Convincing evidences have established the premise that the phytotherapeutic potential of natural compounds and need of search for novel drugs from natural sources are of high priority. Phenolic acids (PAs) are a class of secondary metabolites sp...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - October 7, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Melatonin and Ischemic Stroke: Mechanistic Roles and Action.
Authors: Andrabi SS, Parvez S, Tabassum H
Abstract
Stroke is one of the most devastating neurological disabilities and brain's vulnerability towards it proves to be fatal and socio-economic loss of millions of people worldwide. Ischemic stroke remains at the center stage of it, because of its prevalence amongst the several other types attacking the brain. The various cascades of events that have been associated with stroke involve oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, upregulation of Ca(2+) level, and so forth. Melatonin is a neurohormone secreted by pineal and extra pineal tissues r...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - October 6, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
BF3·Et2O Catalysed 4-Aryl-3-phenyl-benzopyrones, Pro-SERMs, and Their Characterization.
Authors: Srivastava A, Singh P, Kumar R
Abstract
We have synthesized the novel 4-(4-hydroxy-benzyl)-3-phenyl-chromen-2-one which is a precursor of SERMs with a smaller number of steps and good yield. Two methodologies for the synthesis have been worked out. Anhydrous BF3·Et2O catalyzed reaction was found to be selective for product formation while anhydrous AlCl3, FeCl3, and SnCl4 catalyzed ones were nonselective.
PMID: 26421007 [PubMed] (Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences)
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - October 2, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Validated HPTLC Method for Quantification of Luteolin and Apigenin in Premna mucronata Roxb., Verbenaceae.
Authors: Patel NG, Patel KG, Patel KV, Gandhi TR
Abstract
A simple, rapid, and precise high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method was developed for quantitative estimation of luteolin and apigenin in Premna mucronata Roxb., family Verbenaceae. Separation was performed on silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates using toluene : ethyl acetate : formic acid (6 : 4 : 0.3) as mobile phase for elution of markers from extract. The determination was carried out in fluorescence mode using densitometric absorbance-reflection mode at 366 nm for both luteolin and apigenin. The methanolic extract of Pr...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - October 2, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Role of Mas Receptor Antagonist A799 in Renal Blood Flow Response to Ang 1-7 after Bradykinin Administration in Ovariectomized Estradiol-Treated Rats.
Conclusion. Coadministration of BK and A779 compared to BK alone increased RBF response to Ang 1-7 in vehicle treated rats. Such observation was not seen in estradiol treated rats.
PMID: 26421009 [PubMed] (Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences)
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - October 2, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Spirulina platensis Lacks Antitumor Effect against Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma in Female Mice.
This study was designed to evaluate the antitumor effect of spirulina (200 and 800 mg/kg) against a murine model of solid Ehrlich carcinoma compared to a standard chemotherapeutic drug, 5-fluorouracil (20 mg/kg). Untreated mice developed a palpable solid tumor after 13 days. Unlike fluorouracil, spirulina at the investigated two dose levels failed to exert any protective effect. In addition, spirulina did not potentiate the antitumor effect of fluorouracil when they were administered concurrently. Interestingly, their combined administration resulted in a dose-dependent increase in mortality. The present study demonstr...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - September 15, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Antihyperglycemic Activity of Eucalyptus tereticornis in Insulin-Resistant Cells and a Nutritional Model of Diabetic Mice.
This study shows that triterpenes found in E. tereticornis extracts act as hypoglycemic/antidiabetic compounds and contribute to the understanding of their use in traditional medicine.
PMID: 26366171 [PubMed] (Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences)
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - September 15, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
