Advances in Pharmacological Sciences This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The potential benefits and adverse effects of phytic Acid supplement in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
In this study, the effect of phytic acid supplement on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was investigated. Diabetic rats were fed rodent chow with or without phytic acid supplementation for thirty days. Blood and organ samples were collected for assays. The average food intake was the highest and the body weight gain was the lowest in the group fed phytic acid supplement compared to the diabetic and normal control groups. There was a downward trend in intestinal amylase activity in the group fed phytic acid supplement compared to the other groups. The spike in random blood glucose was the lowest in the same group. We no...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

The genus spilanthes ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties: a review.
Authors: Paulraj J, Govindarajan R, Palpu P Abstract Spilanthes spp. are popular, over-the-counter remedies; they are sold over the internet under various names and are widely used in traditional medicine in various cultures. This review will summarize the important reports on the ethnopharmacology, botany, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties as described in the literature from recent years (1920 to 2013). Spilanthes spp. are used for more than 60 types of disorders. They are reported to contain a number of biologically active phytochemicals, although a large number of ethnopharmacological uses ...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Antioxidant potential of a polyherbal antimalarial as an indicator of its therapeutic value.
Authors: Arrey Tarkang P, Nwachiban Atchan AP, Kuiate JR, Okalebo FA, Guantai AN, Agbor GA Abstract Nefang is a polyherbal product composed of Mangifera indica (bark and leaf), Psidium guajava, Carica papaya, Cymbopogon citratus, Citrus sinensis, and Ocimum gratissimum (leaves), used for the treatment of malaria. Compounds with antioxidant activity are believed to modulate plasmodial infection. Antioxidant activity of the constituent aqueous plants extracts, in vitro, was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total phenolic content (TPC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) met...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Comparative Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Curcuminoids, Turmerones, and Aqueous Extract of Curcuma longa.
Authors: Bagad AS, Joseph JA, Bhaskaran N, Agarwal A Abstract Curcuma longa is widely known for its anti-inflammatory activity in traditional system of medicine for centuries and has been scientifically validated extensively. The present study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of curcuminoids and oil-free aqueous extract (COFAE) of C. longa and compare it with that of curcuminoids and turmerones (volatile oil), the bioactive components of C. longa that are proven for the anti-inflammatory potential. The activity against inflammation was evaluated in xylene-induced ear edema, cotton p...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Adherence of surgeons to antimicrobial prophylaxis guidelines in a tertiary general hospital in a rapidly developing country.
Conclusion. Lack of adherence to hospital protocols is not uncommon. This finding remains a challenge to encourage clinicians to follow hospital guidelines appropriately and to consistently apply the surgical antibiotic prophylaxis. The role of clinical pharmacist may facilitate this process across all surgical disciplines. PMID: 24454349 [PubMed] (Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences)
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Teratogenic effects of coadministration of fluoxetine and olanzapine on rat fetuses.
Authors: Bakhtiarian A, Takzare N, Sheykhi M, Sistany N, Jazaeri F, Giorgi M, Nikoui V Abstract Objective. Depression during pregnancy is a relatively common problem. Since little is known about the teratogenic effects of concomitant administration of fluoxetine and olanzapine during the organogenesis period, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the teratogenic effects of coadministration of fluoxetine and olanzapine on rat fetuses. Method. Forty-two pregnant rats were divided into seven groups, randomly. The first group received 0.5 mL of normal saline as the control. The second and third groups...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Effects of Methanol Extract of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) on Atherogenic Indices and Redox Status of Cellular System of Hypercholesterolemic Male Rats.
Authors: Adaramoye OA, Akanni OO Abstract We investigated the effects of methanol extract of Artocarpus altilis (AA) on atherogenic indices and redox status of cellular system of rats fed with dietary cholesterol while Questran (QUE) served as standard. Biochemical indices such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low- and high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C), aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST and ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reduced glutathione, glutathione-s-transferase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lipid perox...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of norfloxacin in pregnant female albino rats.
This study was designed to investigate the possible developmental teratogenicity of norfloxacin in rats. Forty pregnant female rats were divided into four equal groups. Group A received norfloxacin in a dose of 500 mg/kg·b·wt/day orally from 6th to 15th day of gestation. Groups B and C received 1000 and 2000 mg/kg·b·wt/day orally for the same period, respectively; Group D behaved as control and received 0.5 mL distilled water orally for the same period. The dams were killed on 20th day of gestation and their fetuses were subjected to morphological, visceral, and skeletal examinations. Norfloxacin significantly de...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Cydonia oblonga Miller (Quince) on Sexual Behaviour of Wistar Rats.
This study was carried out to evaluate the aphrodisiac activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of the fruits of Cydonia oblonga Miller (quince) in Wistar rats. The extract was administered orally by gavage in the dose of 500 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg body weight per day as a single dose for 28 days. The observed parameters were mounting frequency, assessment of mating performance, and orientation activities towards females, towards the environment, and towards self. The results showed that after administration of the extract mounting frequency and the mating performance of the rats increased highly significantly (P < 0.01)...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Trapa bispinosa Roxb.: A Review on Nutritional and Pharmacological Aspects.
Authors: Adkar P, Dongare A, Ambavade S, Bhaskar VH Abstract Trapa bispinosa Roxb. which belongs to the family Trapaceae is a small herb well known for its medicinal properties and is widely used worldwide. Trapa bispinosa or Trapa natans is an important plant of Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine which is used in the problems of stomach, genitourinary system, liver, kidney, and spleen. It is bitter, astringent, stomachic, diuretic, febrifuge, and antiseptic. The whole plant is used in gonorrhea, menorrhagia, and other genital affections. It is useful in diarrhea, dysentery, ophthalmopathy, ulcers, and wo...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Hemozoin inhibition and control of clinical malaria.
Authors: Ihekwereme CP, Esimone CO, Nwanegbo EC Abstract Malaria has a negative impact on health and social and economic life of residents of endemic countries. The ultimate goals of designing new treatment for malaria are to prevent clinical infection, reduce morbidity, and decrease mortality. There are great advances in the understanding of the parasite-host interaction through studies by various scientists. In some of these studies, attempts were made to evaluate the roles of malaria pigment or toxins in the pathogenesis of malaria. Hemozoin is a key metabolite associated with severe malaria anemia (SMA...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Antisecretory Action of the Extract of the Aerial Parts of Eremomastax speciosa (Acanthaceae) Occurs through Antihistaminic and Anticholinergic Pathways.
Conclusion. The aqueous extract of E. speciosa has both cytoprotective and antisecretory effects. The antisecretory effect may involve a mechanism common to both cholinergic and histaminergic pathways. PMID: 24695819 [PubMed] (Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences)
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Prophylactic Role of Averrhoa carambola (Star Fruit) Extract against Chemically Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Swiss Albino Mice.
This study suggests the prophylactic role of Averrhoa carambola against hepatocellular carcinoma in mice; therefore, it could be employed for the further screening as a good chemopreventive natural supplement against cancer. PMID: 24696677 [PubMed] (Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences)
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Effects of resveratrol and nebivolol on isolated vascular and cardiac tissues from young rats.
Authors: Pullen C, Coulson FR, Fenning A Abstract The mechanisms by which resveratrol and nebivolol induce vasodilation are not clearly understood. It has been postulated that both agents stimulate the production of nitric oxide; however, this remains to be conclusively established. The major aim of this study was to examine the vasodilatory and antiarrhythmic effects of both resveratrol and nebivolol and to provide further insight into possible mechanisms of action. Cardiac and vascular tissues were isolated from healthy male rodents. Results indicate that resveratrol and nebivolol decrease the action pot...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Antihyperglycemic Activity of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.
Authors: Kumar M, Prasad SK, Krishnamurthy S, Hemalatha S Abstract Present study is an attempt to investigate plausible mechanism involved behind antidiabetic activity of standardized Houttuynia cordata Thunb. extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The plant is used as a medicinal salad for lowering blood sugar level in North-Eastern parts of India. Oral administration of extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg dose level daily for 21 days showed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in fasting plasma glucose and also elevated insulin level in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. It also significantly rev...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 25, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research