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Development and validation of an ELISA for the quantification of bovine ITIH4 in serum and milk
In this study we developed an ELISA method which allows the quantification of bovine ITIH4 in serum and milk samples. Previously developed antibodies were used to perform the assay, including anti bovine ITIH4 polyclonal antibodies and a monoclonal antibody against pig ITIH4 that also recognizes the bovine homologous protein. The ELISA developed showed an adequate precision, with inter and intra- assay coefficients of variation lower than 10 % for serum and milk samples. The assay keeps linearity under dilution for both serum and milk samples. A good agreement was observed between the values measured by ELISA and radial im...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - August 9, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Impact of Mycobacterium bovis-induced pathology on interpretation of QuantiFERON®-TB Gold assay results in African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer)
In this study, IP-10 and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) concentrations in whole blood samples from M. bovis culture-confirmed buffaloes with varying degrees of pathological changes (n = 72) and uninfected controls (n = 70) were measured in the IP-10 release assay (IPRA) and IFN-γ release assay (IGRA), respectively. Findings suggest that concentrations of both cytokines in QFT Nil tubes were higher in infected buffaloes with macroscopic pathological changes consistent with bovine tuberculosis compared to uninfected controls, and IGRA values increased with more severe pathological changes in infected buffaloes (p <...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - August 9, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

WC1+ and WC1neg γδ T lymphocytes in intestinal mucosa of healthy and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis-infected calves
Publication date: Available online 6 August 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Latasha Ludwig, Rebecca Egan, Monica Baquero, Amanda Mansz, Brandon L. PlattnerAbstractMucosal surfaces such as the gastrointestinal tract, and skin are the front line of host defence and immunity against many pathogens. Gamma delta (γδ) T lymphocytes preferentially localize to the mucosal surfaces in several species including cattle, and are thought to play crucial roles in immunosurveillance and host defence, particularly against mycobacteria. Many γδ T cells are present in young calves, which is the period whe...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - August 7, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Characterization of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and cytokines GM-CSF, IL-10 and MCP-1 in dogs with malignant melanoma receiving a GD3-based immunotherapy
The objective of this study was to characterize major MDSCs subsets (monocytic and polymorphonuclear) and the cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin 10 (IL-10) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in canines with malignant melanoma and to evaluate changes in MDSCs and the cytokines over time in response to a GD3-based active immunotherapy. Whole blood and serum collected from 30 healthy controls and 33 patients enrolled in the University of Florida melanoma vaccine trial were analyzed by flow cytometry with canine specific CD11b, MHCII and anti-human CD14 antibodies to as...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - August 1, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: August 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Volume 214Author(s): (Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology)
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - August 1, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Generation of porcine monoclonal antibodies based on single cell technologies
In this study, we established a platform for producing porcine mAbs based on single cell technologies. First, we singled out an optimal donor from 507 pigs based on serum antibody neutralizing activity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). After identifying the contribution of IgG to the neutralizing activity, single CD45R+IgG+Ag+ B cells were sorted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Single B cell RT-PCR was performed using primers designed to cover the germline repertoire of the porcine VH/VL gene segments. Paired VH/VLs were cloned into a eukaryotic expression vector and tran...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - July 31, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Effect of bovine genotype on innate immune response of heifers to repeated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration
Publication date: Available online 31 July 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Georgina Cousillas Boam, Wanda J. Weber, Aimee Benjamin, Stanislaw Kahl, G. Allen Bridges, Theodore H. Elsasser, David Kerr, Brian A. CrookerAbstractThis pilot study provides a preliminary assessment of the impact of genotype on acute innate immune pro-inflammatory, metabolic and endocrine responses to repeated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administered to growing heifers. Heifers (n = 4/genotype) were from unselected (stable milk yield since 1964, UH) or contemporary (CH) Holstein cows that differed in milk yield (6,2...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - July 31, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Minipigs as a neonatal animal model for tuberculosis vaccine efficacy testing
Publication date: Available online 26 July 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Laylaa Ramos, Andres Obregon-Henao, Marcela Henao-Tamayo, Richard Bowen, Angelo Izzo, Joan K. Lunney, Mercedes Gonzalez-JuarreroAbstractMany vaccines against childhood diseases are administered early after birth, but vaccine development studies frequently test efficacy in adult rather than in neonatal animal models. In countries with endemic tuberculosis (TB), Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is administered as part of the neonatal vaccine regimen because it prevents against the disseminated form of TB in children, alth...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - July 27, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Development, analytical validation, and initial clinical evaluation of a radioimmunoassay for the measurement of soluble CD25 concentrations in canine serum
Publication date: Available online 27 July 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): A. Buono, J.A. Lidbury, C. Wood, H. Wilson-Robles, L.J. Dangott, K. Allenspach, J.S. Suchodolski, J.M. SteinerAbstractDuring immune activation, CD25 is expressed by T cells, and its soluble form (sCD25) is released into the extracellular matrix and the bloodstream. In humans, serum sCD25 concentrations are used as a surrogate marker for autoimmune diseases, malignancies, and transplant rejection. However, a canine-specific assay for the measurement of sCD25 in dog serum has not previously been described. Therefore, th...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - July 27, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Improved clonality analysis based on immunoglobulin kappa locus for canine cutaneous plasmacytoma
In conclusion, clonality testing based on IGH and IGK may be beneficial as an adjunct tool for diagnosis of canine B cell tumors including cutaneous plasmacytoma. (Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology)
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - July 25, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

High incidence of anti-cytokine autoantibodies in dogs with immune diseases suggests important immuno-regulatory functions
Publication date: Available online 15 July 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): M. Autran-Martínez, P. Cortes-Acevedo, L. Cerón-Gutiérrez, S. Davies, Elvira S. Mendoza, H.A. Martínez-Rodríguez, C. Liboni, V. Pérez-Valencia, R. Döffinger, G. Barcenas-MoralesAbstractAutoantibodies against cytokines have been associated with immunodeficiency, susceptibility to infectious diseases, autoimmunity and inflammation in humans, but have not yet been investigated in the Veterinary field so far. The aim of the current study was to determine the presence of anti-cytokine autoantibodies in canines suffe...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - July 16, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: July 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Volume 213Author(s): (Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology)
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - July 13, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Publisher's Note
Publication date: July 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Volume 213Author(s): (Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology)
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - July 13, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Effects of cyclosporine and dexamethasone on canine T cell expression of interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma
Publication date: Available online 11 July 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Claire L. Fellman, Todd M. Archer, Robert W. Wills, Andrew J. MackinAbstractCyclosporine and glucocorticoids are powerful immunosuppressive agents used to treat many inflammatory diseases in dogs. Cyclosporine inhibits calcineurin-dependent pathways of T cell activation and resultant T cell cytokine production, and glucocorticoids directly inhibit genes coding for cytokines. Little work has been done comparing the effects of these agents on T cell cytokine production in dogs. Our study measured T cell interleukin-2 (I...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - July 12, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Clonality testing as complementary tool in the assessment of different patient groups with canine chronic enteropathy
Publication date: Available online 10 July 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Nicole Luckschander-Zeller, Sabine E. Hammer, Barbara C. Ruetgen, Alexander Tichy, Johann G. Thalhammer, E. Haas, Barbara Richter, Monika Welle, Iwan A. BurgenerAbstractDifferentiation between canine chronic enteropathy (CCE) and intestinal lymphoma is a diagnostic challenge as histopathology might fail to yield unequivocal results. Detection of clonal rearrangements of the T-cell-receptor gamma (TCRG) chain and IG heavy chain (IGH) V-J genes offer a useful solution. In this retrospective study, histopathology samples...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - July 12, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research