Chimeric avian paramyxovirus-based vector immunization against highly pathogenic avian influenza followed by conventional Newcastle disease vaccination eliminates lack of protection from virulent ND virus
Publication date: 2014 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 3 Author(s): C. Steglich , C. Grund , A. Röder , N. Zhao , T.C. Mettenleiter , A. Römer-Oberdörfer Recently, we described a chimeric, hemagglutinin of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5 expressing Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-based vector vaccine (chNDVFHNPMV8H5) in which NDV envelope glycoproteins were replaced by those of avian paramyxovirus-8 (APMV-8). This chimeric vaccine induced solid protection against lethal HPAIV H5N1 even in chickens with maternal antibodies against NDV (MDA+). However, due to the absence of the major NDV im...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - October 12, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Heat stability of the Rift Valley Fever Virus Clone 13 live vaccines
Publication date: 2014 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 3 Author(s): Samira Daouam , Fatima Zohra Fakri , Moulay Mustapha Ennaji , Amal El arkam , Khalid Omari Tadlaoui , Christopher Oura , Mehdi Elharrak Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is an emerging zoonotic disease present in sub-Saharan Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Vaccination of cattle against RVF with a RVF virus clone 13 (CL13) strain has proven to be efficacious, and avoids the side effects caused by other available live vaccines. In order to determine the temperature stability of the CL13 vaccine, lyophilized and liquid forms were tested and titrated f...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - October 12, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Prophylactic antibody treatment and intramuscular immunization reduce infectious human rhinovirus 16 load in the lower respiratory tract of challenged cotton rats
Publication date: 2014 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 3 Author(s): Jorge C.G. Blanco , Susan Core , Lioubov M. Pletneva , Thomas H. March , Marina S. Boukhvalova , Adriana E. Kajon Human rhinoviruses (HRV) represent the single most important etiological agents of the common cold and are the most frequent cause of acute respiratory infections in humans. Currently the performance of available animal models for immunization studies using HRV challenge is very limited. The cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) is a well-recognized model for the study of human respiratory viral infections. In this work we show that, wi...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - October 12, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Humoral and lung immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a primate model of protection
Publication date: 2014 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 3 Author(s): Noton K. Dutta , James McLachlan , Smriti Mehra , Deepak Kaushal Recently we reported (Mehra et al., 2013), that lung granulomas from Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated cynomolgus macaques exhibit upon challenge with M. tuberculosis a more balanced expression of α- and β-chemokines, relative to comparable samples from sham-vaccinated animals by comparative transcriptomics. Here, we studied the recruitment of immune cells to blood and lungs in M. tuberculosis-infected macaques as a function of prior BCG-vaccinatio...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - October 12, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Highly immunogenic prime–boost DNA vaccination protects chickens against challenge with homologous and heterologous H5N1 virus
Publication date: 2014 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 3 Author(s): Anna Stachyra , Anna Góra-Sochacka , Róża Sawicka , Katarzyna Florys , Violetta Sączyńska , Monika Olszewska , Anna Pikuła , Krzysztof Śmietanka , Zenon Minta , Bogusław Szewczyk , Włodzimierz Zagórski , Agnieszka Sirko Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) cause huge economic losses in the poultry industry because of high mortality rate in infected flocks and trade restrictions. Protective antibodies, directed mainly against hemagglutinin (HA), are the primary means of protection against influenza outbreaks. A r...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - October 12, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Randomized trial: The effect of oral polio vaccine at birth on polio antibody titers at 6weeks and 6months of age
Conclusions OPV0 may contribute to early polio protection, particularly in children of mothers with low antibody levels. However, OPV0 did not contribute to overall polio immunity after subsequent doses of OPV were given, and was associated with significantly lower antibody titers in children of mothers with high antibody levels. However, it did not negatively affect the proportion of seropositive children. (Source: Trials in Vaccinology)
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - October 12, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Co-administration of an adjuvanted FeLV vaccine together with a multivalent feline vaccine to cats is protective against virulent challenge with feline leukaemia virus, calicivirus, herpes virus and panleukopenia virus
In conclusion, the results from this study demonstrate that concurrent or simultaneous administration of these two vaccines resulted in equivalent efficacy; both vaccine administration regimes showing significant differences in clinical scores or lower levels of persistent antigenaemia when compared to non-vaccinated control cats following challenge. (Source: Trials in Vaccinology)
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - October 12, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
HIV-1 Gag-specific exosome-targeted T cell-based vaccine stimulates effector CTL responses leading to therapeutic and long-term immunity against Gag/HLA-A2-expressing B16 melanoma in transgenic HLA-A2 mice
In this study, we generated HIV-1 Gag-specific Gag-Texo vaccine by using ConA-stimulated polyclonal CD8+ T-cells with uptake of Gag-expressing adenoviral vector AdVGag-transfected DC (DCGag)-released exosomes (EXOs), and assessed its stimulation of Gag-specific CD8+ CTL responses and antitumor immunity. We demonstrate that Gag-Texo and DCGag vaccines comparably stimulate Gag-specific effector CD8+ CTL responses. Gag-Texo-stimulated CTL responses result in protective immunity against Gag-expressing BL6-10Gag melanoma in 8/8 wild-type C57BL/6 mice. In addition, we show that Gag-Texo vaccine also induces CTL responses leading...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - October 12, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
The feasibility of rabies virus-vectored immunocontraception in a mouse model
Publication date: 2014 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 3 Author(s): Xianfu Wu , Todd G. Smith , Richard Franka , Min Wang , William C. Carson , Charles E. Rupprecht Immunocontraceptive vaccines may be an alternative to surgical sterilization. Dual rabies vaccination and dog population management is a helpful tool for rabies prevention. A synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) peptide coupled to a carrier protein or T cell epitope is efficacious in inducing immunocontraception in a variety of mammals. However, virus-vectored GnRH recombinant vaccines have advantages over the conjugation method. In a ...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - October 12, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Protective immune mechanisms against pre-erythrocytic forms of Plasmodium berghei depend on the target antigen
Publication date: 2014 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 3 Author(s): Elke S. Bergmann-Leitner , Qigui Li , Diana Caridha , Michael T. O’Neil , Christian F. Ockenhouse , Mark Hickman , Evelina Angov Pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccines are believed to either stop the injected sporozoites from reaching the liver or to direct cellular immune responses towards eliminating infected hepatocytes. The present study reveals for the first time the anatomical sites at which these immune mechanisms act against the malaria parasites. To determine the mechanisms leading to protection mediated by two previously characterize...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - October 12, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Neonatal BCG vaccination is associated with enhanced T-helper 1 immune responses to heterologous infant vaccines
Publication date: 2014 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 3 Author(s): Daniel H. Libraty , Lei Zhang , Marcia Woda , Luz P. Acosta , AnaMae Obcena , Job D. Brion , Rosario Z. Capeding Neonatal Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccination has been reported to have beneficial effects beyond preventing infantile tuberculous meningitis and miliary disease. We hypothesized that BCG vaccine given at birth would enhance T-helper 1 (Th1) immune responses to the first vaccines given later in infancy. We conducted a nested case-control study of neonatal BCG vaccination and its heterologous Th1 immune effects in 2–3month...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - October 12, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
