Highly immunogenic prime –boost DNA vaccination protects chickens against challenge with homologous and heterologous H5N1 virus
Publication date: 2014 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 3 Author(s): Anna Stachyra, Anna Góra-Sochacka, Róża Sawicka, Katarzyna Florys, Violetta Sączyńska, Monika Olszewska, Anna Pikuła, Krzysztof Śmietanka, Zenon Minta, Bogusław Szewczyk, Włodzimierz Zagórski, Agnieszka Sirko Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) cause huge economic losses in the poultry industry because of high mortality rate in infected flocks and trade restrictions. Protective antibodies, directed mainly against hemagglutinin (HA), are the primary means of protection against influenza outbreaks. A ...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - July 20, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Engineered exosomes boost the HCV NS3-specific CD8+ T lymphocyte immunity in humans
Publication date: 2016 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 5 Author(s): Simona Anticoli, Emiliana Falcone, Anna Ruggieri, Maurizio Federico At the present, no anti-Hepatitis C virus (HCV) HCV vaccine is available, and many patients failed the treatment with new class of HCV inhibitors. In HCV infection, both experimental and clinic evidences indicate that a strong CTL-immune response could have significant therapeutic effects. We developed an innovative anti-HCV CD8+ T immunogen based on the uploading in engineered exosomes of full-length HCV-NS3 protein. HCV NS3 exosomes appeared immunogenic when injected in ...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - May 17, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Altered adjuvant of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine improves immune response and protection from virus challenge
In this study, we produced vaccines for O, A, and Asia1 serotypes by mixing oil adjuvants, Emulsigen-D (ED), ISA 201, and ISA 206 with and without an aluminum hydroxide (AL) gel and measured their immunogenicity and safety to obtain information regarding critical differences (survival or weight loss) of vaccine quality in mice; the goal of this test was to overcome the difficulties associated with experiments large or medium-sized animals. The groups immunized with the vaccines containing only the oil adjuvants (ED, ISA 201, and ISA 206) had similar or higher levels of neutralizing antibodies and structural protein antibod...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - May 10, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
A post hoc assessment of duration of protection in CAPiTA (Community Acquired Pneumonia immunization Trial in Adults)
Conclusions The results of this post hoc analysis of the persistence of PCV13 VE in adults ⩾65years, indicate that PCV13 was protective over the 5-year duration of the study, with no waning of efficacy observed. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00744263 (Source: Trials in Vaccinology)
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - May 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Immunogenicity and protection conferred by a recombinant Mycobacterium marinum vaccine against Buruli ulcer
Publication date: 2016 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 5 Author(s): Bryan E. Hart, Laura P. Hale, Sunhee Lee Mycobacterium ulcerans (MU) infection causes the disfiguring necrotic skin disease, Buruli ulcer (BU). While vaccination with Mycobacterium bovis BCG provides nominal antigenic cross-reactivity for induction of immunity against experimental MU infection, a mycobacterial species with greater genetic homology to Mycobacterium ulcerans may serve as a richer source of cross-protective immunogens and lack the pathological features of MU-based vaccines. Mycobacterium marinum, a highly homologous genetic re...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - May 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Impact of the rotavirus vaccine in Valladolid, Spain: An interrupted time series analysis
Publication date: 2016 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 5 Author(s): Alberto Pérez-Rubio, Francisco Javier Luquero, Maria Rosario Bachiller Luque, Paz de la Torre Pardo, José María Eiros Bouza Rotavirus vaccines (RV) have decreased the infant morbidity and mortality in countries that included RV in their national schedule. Rotavirus vaccination is recommended by the Spanish Society of Pediatrics; however, Spain, as most countries in Europe, has authorized commercialization but not included RV in its national vaccination program. We assessed the impact of RV on the rotavirus hospitalization rate through...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - May 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
B-cell epitope mapping for the design of vaccines and effective diagnostics
Publication date: 2016 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 5 Author(s): Tarek A. Ahmad, Amrou E. Eweida, Salah A. Sheweita The increasing resistance of many microbial strains to antibiotics, delayed laboratory results, and side effects of many chemotherapeutics has raised the need to search for sensitive diagnostics and new prophylactic strategies especially prevention by vaccination. Understanding the epitope/antibody interaction is the key to constructing potent vaccines and effective diagnostics. B-cell epitope mapping is a promising approach to identifying the main antigenic determinants of microorganisms, i...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - May 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Stress effect on humoral and cell mediated immune response: Indispensable part of corticosterone and cytokine in neutrophil function
Conclusion This result further concludes that prior immunization of SRBC in animal’s act as a vaccination, which helps to prevent noise stress induced impairment in immune system. Orally administered I. tinctoria prevented noise altered immune system. These results also concluded that I. tinctoria supplementation could act as an immunomodulators and suggesting its therapeutic efficacy as an antistressor. (Source: Trials in Vaccinology)
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - April 28, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Development of immunization trials against Acinetobacter baumannii
Publication date: 2016 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 5 Author(s): Tarek A. Ahmad, Dina M. Tawfik, Salah A. Sheweita, Medhat Haroun, Laila H. El-Sayed Acinetobacter baumannii has recently crossed all lines once considered harmless, pushing its way as a nosocomial pathogen. It had acquired resistance to almost all available chemotherapies and mainly targets intensive care residents; causing pneumonia and major outbreaks with high mortality rates. This urged the need for preventive methods, which include infection control, non-specific immune-therapy, passive, and active immunization in order to offer vu...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - April 20, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Immunogenicity and safety of a quadrivalent influenza vaccine in children and adolescents in Taiwan: A phase III open-label trial
In conclusion, this study showed that the 2013–2014 Northern Hemisphere formulation of the intramuscular IIV4 was immunogenic and well tolerated by children and adolescents 9–17years of age. (Source: Trials in Vaccinology)
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - March 3, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Development of immunization trials against Eimeria spp.
Publication date: 2016 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 5 Author(s): Tarek A. Ahmad, Bassant A. El-Sayed, Laila H. El-Sayed Coccidiosis is a major intestinal disease affecting economically valuable livestock animals such as chickens and turkeys. Economic losses are associated with decreased productivity in afflicted animals. The different Eimeria spp. are the main etiologic agents for that virulent disease. The usefulness of prophylactic and therapeutic anticoccidial compounds has decreased in recent years due to the emergence of drug resistance in Eimeria, together with their possible toxic effect to the hum...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - February 20, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Commercial bacterins did not induce detectable levels of antibodies in mice against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigens strongly recognized by swine immune system
Publication date: 2016 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 5 Author(s): Andressa Fisch, Silvana Beutinger Marchioro, Charles Klazer Gomes, Vanessa Galli, Natasha Rodrigues de Oliveira, Simone Simionatto, Odir Antônio Dellagostin, Marcelo Mendonça, Ângela Nunes Moreira, Fabricio Rochedo Conceição Enzootic Pneumonia (EP) caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae results in major economic losses to the swine industry. Hence, the identification of factors that provide protection against EP could help to develop effective vaccines. One such factor that provides partial protection are bacterins. Therefore,...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - February 5, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Efficacy and safety of a new intradermal PCV2 vaccine in pigs
Publication date: 2016 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 5 Author(s): M. Sno, E. Cox, H. Holtslag, T. Nell, S. Pel, R. Segers, V. Fachinger, M. Witvliet The safety and efficacy of a new intradermal one dose vaccine containing Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) antigen – Porcilis® PCV ID – was evaluated in laboratory studies and under field conditions. In addition, the concurrent use with an intradermal Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine – Porcilis® M Hyo ID ONCE – was evaluated. Vaccination with Porcilis® PCV ID resulted in small transient local reactions in a high percentage of the vaccinated...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - January 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Immunogenic multistage recombinant protein vaccine confers partial protection against experimental toxoplasmosis mimicking natural infection in murine model
In this study, we generated a BAG1 and GRA1 multistage vaccine that induced strong immune response in which the protection was not at anticipated level. In addition, the murine model was orally challenged with tissue cysts to mimic natural route of infection. (Source: Trials in Vaccinology)
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - December 10, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
An assessment, in mice, of the safety of the childhood immunization vaccines sourced from three south-eastern states of Nigeria
Conclusion The vaccines were generally safe and non-toxic. The cold-chain systems in the States studied were efficient and had not compromised the safety of the vaccines. (Source: Trials in Vaccinology)
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - November 27, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
