[Comment] Growing evidence supports 4CMenB effectiveness
Meningococcal disease remains one of the most feared infectious diseases globally because of its sudden onset, rapid progression, high case fatality rate, and severe neurodevelopmental sequelae among survivors. Of the 12 known meningococcal capsular groups, group B (MenB) is responsible for most cases of invasive disease in Europe, especially in young children.1 Unlike the highly effective polysaccharide-conjugate vaccines against groups A, C, W, and Y, the development of a similar vaccine for MenB has been challenging because the capsular polysaccharide of MenB is structurally similar to fetal neural cell adhesion molecul...
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 19, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Shamez N Ladhani, Ray Borrow, Nick J Andrews Tags: Comment Source Type: research
[Comment] Treating chlamydial infections in pregnancy and preventing adverse birth outcomes
Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections globally; WHO estimates that there are more than 130 million new cases of chlamydia annually. Because chlamydial infections are often asymptomatic, screening programmes are imperative to control infection and to prevent adverse sequelae. Chlamydial infections are important causes of pelvic inflammatory disease and tubal infertility and can lead to ectopic pregnancies.1 Additionally, chlamydial infections increase the risk of acquiring HIV infection. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 19, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Paul C Adamson, Jeffrey D Klausner Tags: Comment Source Type: research
[Corrections] Corrections
Freer JB, Bourke CD, Durhuus GH, Kjetland EF, Prendergast AJ. Schistosomiasis in the first 1000 days. Lancet Infect Dis 2017; published online Nov 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30490-5 —An incorrect value was used to describe the average duration of a human pregnancy; this has been corrected throughout. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Jan 18, 2018. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 18, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Corrections Source Type: research
[Correspondence] Genomic characterisation of human monkeypox virus in Nigeria
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a large, double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Orthopox genus in the family Poxviridae. First identified in 1958, MPXV has caused sporadic human outbreaks in central and west Africa, with a mortality rate between 1% and 10%.1 Viral genomes from west Africa and the Congo Basin separate into two clades, the latter being more virulent.2 Recently, MPXV outbreaks have occurred in Sudan (2005), the Republic of the Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo (2009), and the Central African Republic (2016). (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ousmane Faye, Catherine B Pratt, Martin Faye, Gamou Fall, Joseph A Chitty, Moussa M Diagne, Michael R Wiley, Adesola F Yinka-Ogunleye, Sola Aruna, Ebitimitula N Etebu, Neni Aworabhi, Dimie Ogoina, Wari Numbere, Nwando Mba, Gustavo Palacios, Amadou A Sall, Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
[Articles] Treatment of adult chronic indeterminate Chagas disease with benznidazole and three E1224 dosing regimens: a proof-of-concept, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
E1224 is the first new chemical entity developed for Chagas disease in decades. E1224 displayed a transient, suppressive effect on parasite clearance, whereas benznidazole showed early and sustained efficacy until 12 months of follow-up. Despite PCR limitations, our results support increased diagnosis and access to benznidazole standard regimen, and provide a development roadmap for novel benznidazole regimens in monotherapy and in combinations with E1224. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 15, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Faustino Torrico, Joaquim Gascon, Lourdes Ortiz, Cristina Alonso-Vega, Mar ía-Jesús Pinazo, Alejandro Schijman, Igor C Almeida, Fabiana Alves, Nathalie Strub-Wourgaft, Isabela Ribeiro, E1224 Study Group Tags: Articles Source Type: research
[Comment] The long road towards a safe and effective treatment of chronic Chagas disease
Chagas disease, a chronic systemic parasitosis by the kinetoplastid protozoon Trypanosoma cruzi, is the leading cause of cardiac morbidity and mortality in poor rural and suburban areas of Latin America and the source of the largest parasitic disease burden in the American continent. This burden is now spreading worldwide owing to international migration.1,2 A recent change in the scientific understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic Chagas disease has led to consensus that all T cruzi-seropositive patients should receive aetiological treatment with anti-T cruzi drugs. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 15, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Julio A Urbina Tags: Comment Source Type: research
[Corrections] Corrections
Walker TM, Merker M, Knoblauch AM, et al. A cluster of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among patients arriving in Europe from the Horn of Africa: a molecular epidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis 2018 published online Jan 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30004-5 —In this Article, the appendix file has been replaced with the correct version. This correction has been made to the online version as of Jan 10, 2018. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 10, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Corrections Source Type: research
[Articles] Safety and tolerability of a novel, polyclonal human anti-MERS coronavirus antibody produced from transchromosomic cattle: a phase 1 randomised, double-blind, single-dose-escalation study
Single infusions of SAB-301 up to 50 mg/kg appear to be safe and well tolerated in healthy participants. Human immunoglobulin derived from transchromosomic cattle could offer a new platform technology to produce fully human polyclonal IgG antibodies for other medical conditions. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 9, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: John H Beigel, Jocelyn Voell, Parag Kumar, Kanakatte Raviprakash, Hua Wu, Jin-An Jiao, Eddie Sullivan, Thomas Luke, Richard T Davey Tags: Articles Source Type: research
[Comment] Herd immunity: hyperimmune globulins for the 21st century
Recent headlines, including outbreaks of Ebola virus disease in urban west Africa, the intercontinental transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome virus (MERS) from the Arabian Peninsula to South Korea, and the emergence of Zika virus as a fetal neurotoxic agent, highlight the global threat posed by emerging infectious diseases in an increasingly connected world. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 9, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sarah TC Elliott, David B Weiner Tags: Comment Source Type: research
[Articles] A cluster of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among patients arriving in Europe from the Horn of Africa: a molecular epidemiological study
Our data suggest that source cases are linked to an M tuberculosis clone circulating in northern Somalia or Djibouti and that transmission probably occurred en route before arrival in Europe. We hypothesise that the shared mutation of tlyA is a drug resistance mutation and phylogenetic marker, the first of its kind in M tuberculosis sensu stricto. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 8, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Timothy M Walker, Matthias Merker, Astrid M Knoblauch, Peter Helbling, Otto D Schoch, Marieke J van der Werf, Katharina Kranzer, Lena Fiebig, Stefan Kr öger, Walter Haas, Harald Hoffmann, Alexander Indra, Adrian Egli, Daniela M Cirillo, Jérôme Robert, Tags: Articles Source Type: research
[Comment] Ending tuberculosis calls for leaving no one behind
In The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Timothy Walker and colleagues1 report on a cluster of 29 multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases among asylum seekers arriving in Europe from the Horn of Africa. They use whole-genome sequencing to identify the transmission links and describe the cross-border collaboration and control measures. Their study is of interest as it sheds light on the importance of early tuberculosis detection and highlights the potential of wide application of molecular epidemiology techniques. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 8, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Masoud Dara, Rony Zachariah Tags: Comment Source Type: research
[Corrections] Corrections
de Ara újo TVB, Ximenes RAA, Miranda-Filho DB, et al. Association between microcephaly, Zika virus infection, and other risk factors in Brazil: final report of a case-control study. Lancet Infect Dis 2017; published online Dec 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30727-2—Celina Maria Turchi Marte lli and Laura Cunha Rodrigues should have been listed as authors who contributed equally. This correction has been made to the online version as of January 4, 2018. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 4, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Corrections Source Type: research
[Clinical Picture] Orf (ecthyma contagiosum) in a sheep and a shepherd
A 79-year-old white man presented with a 2-day history of a non-pruritic purulent nodule with a yellow-whitish crust on the dorsal aspect of his left forearm. The lesion measured 30 × 25 mm (figure). Otherwise, the patient was in good general condition. He was retired and bred sheep (Ovis aries) with a flock of seven animals. 4 weeks before the patient's skin lesion, a 6-month-old sheep developed multiple verrucous papules on its left ear, which were treated antisepticall y without any effect (appendix). (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - December 21, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Christian Kromer, Caroline Bierschenk, Claus-Peter Czerny, Michael P Sch ön, Timo Buhl Tags: Clinical Picture Source Type: research
[Clinical Picture] An interesting pair of amoebic infections
A previously healthy 40-year-old woman with no history of foreign travel presented to the emergency department of the University College Hospital, in London, with right iliac fossa pain. Examination and ultrasound findings were consistent with a perforated appendix. During surgery, the appendicectomy was converted to a right hemicolectomy on discovery of a large inflammatory caecal mass with associated lymphadenopathy. Immediate postoperative recovery was uncomplicated, and histological examination showed an inflammatory caecal mass of unknown cause. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - December 21, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Gabriel Wallis, Lara Curran, Pasco Hearn, Philip Gothard Tags: Clinical Picture Source Type: research
[Media Watch] Hepatitis E: the first book about a neglected disease
Hepatitis E Virus (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology), edited by Youchun Wang, gives a detailed overview of the science of hepatitis E. This book is the first to focus on hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections. HEV infection causes a disease with many clinical faces. The features of this disease, caused by HEV genotype (GT) 1 or 2 in developing tropical countries, vary largely from the features in industrialised nations (GT 3 and 4). (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - December 21, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sven Pischke Tags: Media Watch Source Type: research
