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Endoscopic full-thickness resection of colonic lesions
The introduction of colon cancer screening programs has led to detection of an increasing incidence of complex colonic polyps and early colon cancer requiring colectomy. Traditional radical colonic resection risks substantial morbidity and there is a need for alternative approaches. This review summarizes the published methods of colonic endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR), examining data on feasibility and safety. Preclinical research reported on 3 EFTR techniques using endoscopic stapling devices, T-tags, or compression device closure for defect closure before or after specimen resection. (Source: Techniques in Ga...
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - June 25, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Andrew Currie, Rachele Tarquini, Adela Brigic, Robin H. Kennedy Source Type: research

Endoscopic full-thickness resection with laparoscopic assistance
Endoscopic full-thickness resection of gastrointestinal (GI) tumors has been applied to the management of premalignant, early malignant, and indolent tumors of the GI tract to spare morbidity associated with traditional surgical approaches. Increasingly, a combined laparoscopic-endoscopic approach is being used to treat lesions that are not amenable to endoscopic resection alone. Case reports and small case series have demonstrated utility for lesions such as gastric GI stromal tumors, early gastric carcinomas, small duodenal masses, and colonic polyps or masses. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - June 25, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ian W. Folkert, Robert E. Roses Source Type: research

Closure of transmural defects in the gastrointestinal tract by methods other than clips and sutures
Traditionally, the mainstay of therapy for transmural defects of the gastrointestinal tract has been surgical repair. However, in recent years, the spectrum of novel and innovative therapies available for the repair of such defects has been rapidly increasing, and patients now have a variety of nonsurgical options available to them for specific indications. In this article, we review the devices and techniques, other than clips and sutures, which have been developed for the closure of transmural defects. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - June 25, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Juliana Yang, David Lee, Deepak Agrawal Source Type: research

Identification and preparation of lesions suitable for endoscopic full-thickness resection
Recent technological advances in the field of gastroenterology have revolutionized the way endoscopy is used to manage both premalignant and malignant lesions throughout the gastrointestinal tract. For many decades, endoscopic treatment was limited to superficial mucosal lesions. However, with the advent of endoscopic mucosal resection in 1992, the armamentarium of the endoscopist started to expand. More recently, endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic muscularis dissection have emerged as therapeutic methods for overcoming the limitations of endoscopic mucosal resection. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - June 25, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jeffrey Fiorenza, Pavlos Kaimakliotis Source Type: research

Clips for Closure of Full thickness Defects
The ability to close a full thickness defect of the GI wall is a key step in performance of full thickness resection and translumenal procedures. This step perhaps represents the greatest hurdle in overcoming the barriers to making full thickness resection a common therapeutic endoscopic procedure. There are many devices and methods that have been developed for closure of an iatrogenic defect, but through the scope and over the scope clips are most widely available. This chapter will review the literature and methods of using clips for full thickness defect closure. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - June 25, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Alireza Sedarat Source Type: research

Identification and Preparation of Lesions Suitable for Endoscopic Full Thickness Resection
Recent technological advances in the field of gastroenterology have revolutionized the way endoscopy is utilized to manage both premalignant and malignant lesions throughout the gastrointestinal tract. For many decades, endoscopic treatment was limited to superficial mucosal lesions. However, with the advent of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in 1992, the armamentarium of the endoscopist started to expand. More recently, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and endoscopic muscularis dissection (EMD) have emerged as therapeutic methods of overcoming the limitations of EMR. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - June 25, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jeffrey Fiorenza, Pavlos Kaimakliotis Source Type: research

Endoscopic full thickness resection (EFTR) of colonic lesions
The introduction of colon cancer screening programs has led to detection of an increasing incidence of complex colonic polyps and early colon cancer requiring colectomy. Traditional radical colonic resection risks substantial morbidity and there is a need for alternative approaches. This review summarizes the published methods of colonic endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR), examining data on feasibility and safety. Preclinical research reported on three EFTR techniques using endoscopic stapling devices, T-tags or compression device closure for defect closure before or after specimen resection. (Source: Techniques in...
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - June 25, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Andrew Currie, Rachele Tarquini, Adela Brigic, Robin H. Kennedy Source Type: research

Endoscopic full thickness resection with laparoscopic assistance
Endoscopic full thickness resection of gastrointestinal tumors has been applied to the management of premalignant, early malignant and indolent tumors of the gastrointestinal tract in order to spare morbidity associated with traditional surgical approaches. Increasingly, a combined laparoscopic-endoscopic approach is being used to treat lesions that are not amenable to endoscopic resection alone. Case reports and small case series have demonstrated utility for lesions such as gastric GISTs, early gastric carcinomas, small duodenal masses, and colonic polyps or masses. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - June 25, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ian W. Folkert, Robert E. Roses Source Type: research

Closure of transmural defects in gastrointestinal tract by methods other than clips and sutures
Traditionally, the mainstay of therapy for transmural defects of the gastrointestinal tract has been surgical repair. However, in recent years, the spectrum of novel and innovative therapies available for the repair of such defects has been rapidly increasing, and patients now have a variety of nonsurgical options available to them for specific indications. In this paper, we review the devices and techniques, other than clips and sutures, which have been developed for the closure of transmural defects. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - June 25, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Juliana Yang, David Lee, Deepak Agrawal Source Type: research

Preface
The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease continues to expand worldwide. It is recognized as an increasing cause of hospitalizations and also commonly recognized as a detractor of well-being in many patient symptom surveys. Proton pump inhibitors are one of the most commonly prescribed and purchased drugs and represent a significant cost to the health care market. The medical and interventional management of the disease process is also important. It is agreed that the best interventions have the best outcomes when selection criteria and objective measurement of the pathology are well described. (Source: Techniques ...
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - May 5, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: W. Scott Melvin, M. Brian Fennerty Source Type: research

Endoscopic and Laparoscopic Anti-Reflux Procedures
The prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease continues to expand worldwide. It is recognized as an increasing cause of hospitalizations and also commonly recognized as a detractor of well-being in many patient symptom surveys. Proton pump inhibitors are one of the most commonly prescribed and purchased drugs, and represent a significant cost to the health care market. The medical and interventional management of the disease process is also important. It is agreed that the best interventions have the best outcomes when selection criteria and objective measurement of the pathology is well described. (Source: Techniques ...
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - May 5, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: W. Scott Melvin, M. Brian Fennerty Source Type: research

Esophageal replacement for benign disease
Esophageal resection is most frequently undertaken for malignancy. Indications for esophagectomy with reconstruction for benign disease include perforation, obstruction and dysmotility. Considerations for operative planning must include the underlying disorder, localization and extent of disease, and options for esophageal conduit based on prior surgical anatomical adjustment. We will review the indications and technical approaches to reconstruction in these circumstances addressing the risks and benefits of each reconstruction option. (Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - April 27, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ellen A. Carraro, Peter Muscarella Source Type: research

Surgical intervention for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is for the most part a functional problem involving the esophageal lower sphincter resulting in reflux of gastric acid. Refluxed acid may subsequently cause classic symptoms such as heartburn, but additionally atypical symptoms of pneumonia and asthma. Several modalities can be utilized to characterize the disease including esophagogastroduodenoscopy, pHmetry, and manometry. Specific indications for the surgical treatment of GERD have been recommended and surgery has been shown to reduce the need for post-operative medical treatment in a majority of the cases. (Source: Techniques in G...
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - April 7, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Garth R. Jacobsen, Christopher G. DuCoin Source Type: research

Management of the “Failed Nissen”
Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication has become the gold standard in the surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). As growing cohorts provide long-term follow-up, surgeons face larger numbers of patients presenting with symptoms that suggest a failed antireflux procedure. Evaluation of such patients should include a thorough assessment of subjective symptoms, past operative information and objective data. Dysphagia, heartburn and other complaints are best quantified according to standardized measures such as the GERD Healthcare-Related Quality of Life index (GERD-HRQL) or Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating S...
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - April 7, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Danielle T. Friedman, Erin Moran-Atkin Source Type: research

Medical Evaluation for Patients with Symptomatic Esophageal Disease
We describe the evaluation and initial management of key symptoms prevalent in esophageal disease. Heartburn and regurgitation are two symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the most common outpatient gastrointestinal disease. The initial diagnostic and therapeutic step in management of these hallmark GERD symptoms is an empiric trial of acid suppression therapy, as a response to this is sufficient to diagnose GERD. Patients with symptoms refractory to empiric therapy and those who endorse accompanying alarm symptoms such as dysphagia, melena, anemia, or weight loss need an upper endoscopy to rule out more con...
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - April 6, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Akash Kumar, Brijen J. Shah Source Type: research