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Experienced Harm from Other People & #39;s Drinking: A Comparison of Northern European Countries
Conclusions: The study revealed large differences in the prevalence of harm in countries with fairly similar drinking cultures. However, the correlates of such experiences were similar across countries. Possible explanations of the findings are discussed, including differences in study design. (Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment)
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - November 15, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Inger Synn øve Moan Elisabet E. Storvoll Erica Sundin Ingunn Olea Lund Kim Bloomfield Ann Hope Mats Ramstedt Petri Huhtanen Sveinbj örn Kristjánsson Source Type: research

Experienced Harm from Other People's Drinking: A Comparison of Northern European Countries
Conclusions: The study revealed large differences in the prevalence of harm in countries with fairly similar drinking cultures. However, the correlates of such experiences were similar across countries. Possible explanations of the findings are discussed, including differences in study design. (Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment)
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - November 15, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Inger Synnøve MoanElisabet E. StorvollErica SundinIngunn Olea LundKim BloomfieldAnn HopeMats RamstedtPetri HuhtanenSveinbjörn Kristjánsson Source Type: research

Methodological Issues in Assessing the Impact of Prenatal Drug Exposure
Prenatal drug exposure is a common public health concern that can result in perinatal complications, birth defects, and developmental disorders. The growing literature regarding the effects of prenatal exposure to specific drugs such as tobacco, alcohol, cocaine, and heroin is often conflicting and constantly changing. This review discusses several reasons why the effects of prenatal drug exposure are so difficult to determine, including variations in dose, timing, duration of exposure, polydrug use, unreliable measures of drug exposure, latent or “sleeper” effects, genetic factors, and socioenvironmental influences. I...
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - November 8, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Carolien Konijnenberg Source Type: research

Harm to Others from Substance Use and Abuse: The Underused Potential in Nationwide Registers
This article considers the potential in using nationwide registers to study harm to others from substance use and abuse. The advantages of using registry data include the opportunity to include the data on the entire population nationwide and continuously updated longitudinal datasets; they allow for studying small subpopulations and have little missing data. Personal identification numbers and family numbers enable linkage of data from different registers. Such datasets can include extensive information on individual and family levels. In this article, we provide an introduction to nationwide registers and explain how the...
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - October 29, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Ingunn Olea LundAnne Bukten Source Type: research

Trends in Alcohol & rsquo;s Harms to Others (AHTO) and Co-occurrence of Family-Related AHTO: The Four US National Alcohol Surveys, 2000 & ndash;2015
Various harms from others’ drinking have been studied individually and at single points in time. We conducted a US population 15-year trend analysis and extend prior research by studying associations of depression with combinations of four harms – family/marriage difficulties, financial troubles, assault, and vandalism – attributed to partners or family members. Data come from four National Alcohol Surveys conducted by telephone in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015 (analytic sample = 21,184). Weighted logistic regression models estimated time trends adjusting for victim characteristics (gender, age, race/ethnicity, marital ...
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - October 27, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Thomas K. Greenfield Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe Lauren M. Kaplan William C. Kerr Sharon C. Wilsnack Source Type: research

Trends in Alcohol’s Harms to Others (AHTO) and Co-occurrence of Family-Related AHTO: The Four US National Alcohol Surveys, 2000–2015
Various harms from others’ drinking have been studied individually and at single points in time. We conducted a US population 15-year trend analysis and extend prior research by studying associations of depression with combinations of four harms – family/marriage difficulties, financial troubles, assault, and vandalism – attributed to partners or family members. Data come from four National Alcohol Surveys conducted by telephone in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015 (analytic sample = 21,184). Weighted logistic regression models estimated time trends adjusting for victim characteristics (gender, age, race/ethnicity, marital ...
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - October 27, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Thomas K. GreenfieldKatherine J. Karriker-JaffeLauren M. KaplanWilliam C. KerrSharon C. Wilsnack Source Type: research

To Cause Harm and to be Harmed by Others: New Perspectives on Alcohol & rsquo;s Harms to Others
Conclusions: Drinking variables were the strongest correlates of causing harm and being harmed. Efforts to reduce risky drinking may also help reduce exposures to collateral harm. (Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment)
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - October 12, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Abdu K. Seid Ulrike Grittner Thomas K. Greenfield Kim Bloomfield Source Type: research

To Cause Harm and to be Harmed by Others: New Perspectives on Alcohol’s Harms to Others
Conclusions: Drinking variables were the strongest correlates of causing harm and being harmed. Efforts to reduce risky drinking may also help reduce exposures to collateral harm. (Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment)
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - October 12, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Abdu K. SeidUlrike GrittnerThomas K. GreenfieldKim Bloomfield Source Type: research

A Peer Support Scale for Adults Treated for Psychoactive Substance & ndash;Use Disorder: A Rasch Analysis
The literature suggests that peer support is protective of relapse for adults treated for substance-use disorder. However, to our knowledge there is no standard measure of peer support. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to use Rasch analysis to assess a 13-item peer support scale used in a group of adults treated for primary psychoactive substance–abuse disorder. The participants (n = 408) are adults who were discharged from an inpatient substance-abuse treatment program from five successive years, 2004–2009. Overall, it is acceptable to surmise that items 1–12 are part of the same dimension for the 13-item...
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - October 7, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Kathryn D. Mazurek James R. Ciesla Source Type: research

Birth and Neonatal Outcomes Following Opioid Use in Pregnancy: A Danish Population-Based Study
This study included all female Danish residents with a live birth or a stillbirth from 1997 to 2011. We identified the study population, use of opioids and opioid substitution treatment, birth outcomes, and NAS through medical registers. Birth outcomes included preterm birth (born before 38th gestational week), low-birth weight (LBW) ( (Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment)
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - October 7, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Mette NørgaardMalene Schou NielssonUffe Heide-Jørgensen Source Type: research

A Peer Support Scale for Adults Treated for Psychoactive Substance–Use Disorder: A Rasch Analysis
The literature suggests that peer support is protective of relapse for adults treated for substance-use disorder. However, to our knowledge there is no standard measure of peer support. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to use Rasch analysis to assess a 13-item peer support scale used in a group of adults treated for primary psychoactive substance–abuse disorder. The participants (n = 408) are adults who were discharged from an inpatient substance-abuse treatment program from five successive years, 2004–2009. Overall, it is acceptable to surmise that items 1–12 are part of the same dimension for the 13-item...
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - October 7, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Kathryn D. MazurekJames R. Ciesla Source Type: research

Prenatal Substance Use: Exploring Assumptions of Maternal Unfitness
In spite of the growing knowledge and understanding of addiction as a chronic relapsing medical condition, individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) continue to experience stigmatization. Pregnant women who use substances suffer additional stigma as their use has the potential to cause fetal harm, calling into question their maternal fitness and often leading to punitive responses. Punishing pregnant women denies the integral interconnectedness of the maternal-fetal dyad. Linking substance use with maternal unfitness is not supported by the balance of the scientific evidence regarding the actual harms associated with ...
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - September 20, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Mishka TerplanAlene Kennedy-HendricksMargaret S. Chisolm Source Type: research

Impact of Chronic Pain on Treatment Prognosis for Patients with Opioid Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Conclusion: CNCP may increase risk for continued opioid abuse and poor psychiatric functioning. Qualitative synthesis of the findings suggests that major methodological differences in the design and measurement of pain and treatment response outcomes are likely impacting the effect estimates. (Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment)
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - September 10, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Brittany B. DennisMonica BaworLeen NajiCarol K. ChanJaymie VarenbutJames PaulMichael VarenbutJeff DaiterCarolyn PlaterGuillaume PareDavid C. Marsh,Andrew WorsterDipika DesaiLehana ThabaneZainab Samaan Source Type: research

Novelty Seeking as a Phenotypic Marker of Adolescent Substance Use
Trait novelty seeking has been consistently implicated in substance use, yet the origins and mechanisms of novelty seeking in substance use proneness are unclear. We aimed to characterize novelty seeking as a phenotypic marker of substance use proneness in adolescence, a critical period for drug use experimentation. To this end, we parsed novelty seeking’s two constituent subdimensions – exploratory excitability (drive for novel experience) and impulsiveness (careless decision-making) – and explored the individual relations of these dimensions to: (1) the use of a variety of licit and illicit substances, (2) family h...
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - June 17, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: L. Cinnamon BidwellValerie S. KnopikJanet Audrain-McGovernTiffany R. GlynnNichea S. SpillaneLara A. RayNathaniel R. RiggsCasey R. GuillotRaina D. PangAdam M. Leventhal Source Type: research

Impact Evaluation of an Addiction Intervention Program in a Quebec Prison
Conclusion: Although the preliminary results were promising, the experimental and control groups did not differ significantly when more robust analyses were used. (Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment)
Source: Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment - June 1, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Catherine ArseneaultMarc AlainChantal PlourdeFrancine FerlandNadine Blanchette-MartinMichel Rousseau Source Type: research