How dominance hierarchies emerge from conflict: A game theoretic model and experimental evidence
Publication date: Available online 26 November 2019Source: Social Science ResearchAuthor(s): Wojtek Przepiorka, Charlotte Rutten, Vincent Buskens, Aron SzekelyAbstractWe develop a game theoretic model of conflict and empirically test its predictions to study the emergence of social hierarchies in small groups. Previous research shows uncertainty about actors' ability may lead to more conflict; conflict demonstrates actors' ability and establishes relationships of dominance and submissiveness. Since we assume uncertainty regarding ability to be a crucial cause of conflict, we focus on the effects of different information co...
Source: Social Science Research - November 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Female labor force participation in the US: How is immigration shaping recent trends?
Publication date: Available online 25 November 2019Source: Social Science ResearchAuthor(s): Patricia A. McManus, Kaitlin JohnsonAbstractWomen entered the paid workforce in unprecedented numbers during the 20th century. Yet recent years have been witness to a creeping reversal in women's labor force participation. Why did the revolution stall? In response to debates over a “natural” limit to women's employment, or a cultural backlash against the dual-breadwinner household, we consider an alternative explanation, namely whether immigration has slowed the growth in female labor force participation. Using CPS data from 19...
Source: Social Science Research - November 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Gender composition of occupations and occupational characteristics: Explaining their true relationship by using longitudinal data
Publication date: Available online 25 November 2019Source: Social Science ResearchAuthor(s): Andreas Damelang, Sabine EbenspergerAbstractThis paper analyzes the relationship between the gender composition of occupations and occupational characteristics that describe working arrangements and qualification requirements. While prior studies showed associations between the representation of females in occupations and these occupational characteristics, we are the first to explain their true relationship by applying an analytical research design. In this regard, we add three alternative relationship patterns to the widespread a...
Source: Social Science Research - November 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Is geography destiny? Disrupting the relationship between segregation and neighbohrood outcomes
Publication date: Available online 23 November 2019Source: Social Science ResearchAuthor(s): Christine Leibbrand, Ryan Gabriel, Chris Hess, Kyle CrowderAbstractConsiderable research has shown that, in the cross-section, segregation is associated with detrimental neighborhood outcomes for blacks and improved neighborhood outcomes for whites. However, it is unclear whether early-life experiences of segregation shape later-life neighborhood outcomes, whether this association persists for those who migrate out of the metropolitan areas in which they grew up, and how these relationships differ for blacks and whites. Using the P...
Source: Social Science Research - November 24, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Childhood family structure and complexity in partnership life courses
This study investigated the associations between childhood living arrangements and complex adult partnership trajectories. The authors defined first union dissolution as the event initiating a complex partnership life course, and measured the level of complexity using a weighted cumulative index of subsequent partnership episodes. The analyses were based on a representative sample of the German population born in 1971–73 from the German Family Panel and used multivariate hurdle models to estimate the probability of experiencing the initiation of a complex partnership trajectory, as well as the level of complexity. Result...
Source: Social Science Research - November 23, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Diversity, semi-communication and cross-country trust: A quantitative analysis
Publication date: Available online 16 November 2019Source: Social Science ResearchAuthor(s): Michael KumoveAbstractExisting trust research has often failed to account for the possibility that communication impairments brought on by language barriers could explain low levels of trust both within and between countries. To test whether this is the case, I construct an ‘index of communication potential’ for a sample of 359 cross-country dyads composed of 21 European countries. Although similar indexes have been used previously, this is the first one to include instances of ‘semi-communication’ between related languages...
Source: Social Science Research - November 17, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Parental education, television exposure, and children's early cognitive, language and behavioral development
Publication date: Available online 16 November 2019Source: Social Science ResearchAuthor(s): Michael Kühhirt, Markus KleinAbstractThe association between television exposure and children's development is subject to controversial debates. Heavy television exposure may be detrimental to children by overstimulating their developing brains. It may also infringe on time that children would otherwise spend on more developmentally beneficial activities or parental interactions. In the present analysis, we use data from the 2004/5 birth cohort of the Growing Up in Scotland study to investigate relations between hours of weekly te...
Source: Social Science Research - November 17, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Heterogeneous treatment effects on Children's cognitive/non-cognitive skills: A reevaluation of an influential early childhood intervention
Publication date: Available online 16 November 2019Source: Social Science ResearchAuthor(s): Yu xie, Christopher near, Hongwei xu, Xi SongAbstractThe 1962–67 High/Scope Perry Preschool Program, a well-known experimental early childhood intervention study that provided quality preschool education to disadvantaged children, has been shown to have had positive impacts on early child development and on a variety of adulthood outcomes. However, most previous analyses have only examined average treatment effects across all program participants without exploring possible effect heterogeneity by children's background characteris...
Source: Social Science Research - November 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The social and genetic inheritance of educational attainment: Genes, parental education, and educational expansion
This study incorporates the newest education polygenic score (Lee et al., 2018) into sociological research, and tests three gene-environment interaction hypotheses on status attainment. Using the Health and Retirement Study (N = 7599), I report three findings. First, a standard deviation increase in the education polygenic score is associated with a 58% increase in the likelihood of advancing to the next level of education, while a standard deviation increase in parental education results in a 53% increase. Second, supporting the Saunders hypothesis, the genetic effect becomes 11% smaller when parental education is one...
Source: Social Science Research - November 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Young adult poverty in historical perspective: The role of policy supports and early labor market experiences
Publication date: Available online 16 November 2019Source: Social Science ResearchAuthor(s): Christopher Wimer, JaeHyun Nam, Irwin Garfinkel, Neeraj Kaushal, Jane Waldfogel, Liana FoxAbstractRecent research using an improved measure of poverty finds that poverty has fallen by nearly forty percent since the 1960s in the United States. But past research has not examined whether this finding holds across detailed demographic groups who might be more or less vulnerable to poverty. This paper helps fill that gap, focusing on one such vulnerable subgroup: young adults. Using the Current Population Survey, this paper examines lon...
Source: Social Science Research - November 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Neighborhood change from the bottom Up: What are the determinants of social distance between new and prior residents?
Publication date: Available online 9 November 2019Source: Social Science ResearchAuthor(s): John R. HippAbstractAn important source of neighborhood change occurs when there is a turnover in the housing unit due to residential mobility and the new residents differ from the prior residents based on socio-demographic characteristics (what we term social distance). Nonetheless, research has typically not asked which characteristics explain transitions with higher social distance based on a number of demographic dimensions. We explore this question using American Housing Survey data from 1985 to 2007, and focus on instances in ...
Source: Social Science Research - November 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Partnered women's contribution to household labor income: Persistent inequalities among couples and their determinants
Publication date: Available online 7 September 2019Source: Social Science ResearchAuthor(s): Martina Dieckhoff, Vanessa Gash, Antje Mertens, Laura Romeu GordoAbstractThis paper explores earnings inequalities within dual-earner couples in East and West Germany drawing on household-level panel data from 1992 to 2016. It has three aims: (1) to analyze how the partner pay gap (the pay gap between partners within one household) has developed over time, given institutional change, and whether the extent of inequality and temporal development vary between East and West Germany; (2) to explore variation in the partner pay gap by m...
Source: Social Science Research - November 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The role of social integration in the adverse effect of unemployment on mental health – Testing the causal pathway and buffering hypotheses using panel data
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Social Science ResearchAuthor(s): Gerhard Krug, Sebastian PrechslAbstractSocial integration is considered crucially important for understanding the adverse effect of unemployment on mental health. Social integration is assumed to either bring about the health effects of unemployment (causal pathway hypothesis) or shield the unemployed from such effects (buffering hypothesis). However, there is scarce empirical evidence, especially based on panel data, regarding these two hypotheses. In our analysis, we use up to ten waves of the “Labour Market and Social Security...
Source: Social Science Research - November 7, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: November 2019Source: Social Science Research, Volume 84Author(s): (Source: Social Science Research)
Source: Social Science Research - October 24, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Broken promise of college? New educational sorting mechanisms for intergenerational association in the 21st century
Publication date: Available online 22 October 2019Source: Social Science ResearchAuthor(s): Byeongdon Oh, ChangHwan KimAbstractPrevious studies have shown that intergenerational socioeconomic association becomes weaker as children's education level increases and is negligible among college graduates. A college degree is known as the great equalizer for intergenerational socioeconomic mobility. Recent studies, however, reported that the strong intergenerational association reemerges among advanced degree holders although it stays weak among BA-only holders. Despite the substantial theoretical importance and policy implicati...
Source: Social Science Research - October 23, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
