A 15-year-old girl with acute and reversible neurologic symptoms after cranial irradiation for medulloblastoma
A 15-year-old girl with history of medulloblastoma was evaluated for headache and acute onset neurologic deficits 5 years after completion of initial radiation therapy and 3 years following completion of re-irradiation. Neurological examination was notable for new onset left hemianopia, hemiparesis and neglect. MRI showed extensive areas of cortical T2 prolongation and thickening involving the right parietal, occipital and temporal lobes, with associated extensive gyral enhancement. Upon spontaneous resolution of her weakness after 4 days, repeat MRI showed resolution of the edema and gyral enhancement, suggestive of the d...
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - April 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Elizabeth Duke, Nicole J Ullrich Source Type: research
A 15-month old girl presenting with clitoromegaly and a chest mass
A 15-month-old girl was initially referred for endocrine evaluation for clitoromegaly and subsequently found to have an adrenal mass, which tracked along the paravertebral region and was associated with increased vascular markings along the skin. Neurological examination was normal. MR imaging of the chest mass demonstrated a serpiginous lesion along the intercostal margins. Initial differential diagnosis included neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, vascular lesion or nerve sheath tumor. Biopsy was consistent with plexiform neurofibroma. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - April 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Courtney Darcy, Nicole J. Ullrich Source Type: research
Multifocal Brain Lesions with Extensive Perilesional Edema in a Young Boy Returning from Kenya
We report the case of an 8-year old boy who presented with headaches, optic disc edema, and left eye esotropia. He had recently returned to the United States after living in Kenya for approximately 3 years. His brain MRI showed multifocal lesions with significant perilesional edema seemingly out of proportion to his neurologic exam findings. With appropriate therapy there was remarkable improvement in his symptoms with reduction in size of the lesions and surrounding edema. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - April 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Kelsey Merison, Jorge Vidaurre Source Type: research
Intracranial Calcifications in Young Children
We describe two children in whom the presence and pattern of intracranial calcifications led to the diagnosis of uncommon genetic disorders, Adams-Oliver syndrome and Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome. Differentiating genetic conditions from intrauterine infections or other causes of intracranial calcifications enables practitioners to provide accurate counseling regarding prognosis and recurrence risk. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - April 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Sarah L. Dugan, Lorenzo D. Botto, Gary L. Hedlund, James F. Bale Source Type: research
Neurological Complications of Nutritional Disease
This article summarizes the role of various nutritional factors in the nervous system and the neurological symptoms that can arise from deficiency or excess. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - March 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Aparna Polavarapu, Daphne Hasbani Source Type: research
Neurological Complications of Nutritional Deficiencies
This article summarizes the role of various nutritional factors in the nervous system and the neurologic symptoms that can arise from deficiency or excess. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - February 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Aparna Polavarapu, Daphne Hasbani Source Type: research
Introduction
As neurologists, we are very aware of the primary disorders of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system. Although common as a group, we tend to neglect that the neurological manifestations of systemic diseases can cause significant morbidity and mortality. The brain activity depends on the tight functioning balance of multiple body organs. They help to maintain a healthy milieu for optimal brain function. This issue will describe the neurological complications of systemic diseases, and their treatment, including cardiac, respiratory, renal, endocrine, gastrointestinal, rheumatic, oncological, and nutritional. (...
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - February 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ignacio Valencia Source Type: research
Neurological Complications of Gastrointestinal Disease
This article specifically focuses on the neurological symptoms that manifest because of these disorders and their treatments. Many neurological symptoms have been reported in association with these diseases, including neuropathy, myopathy, ataxia, headache, and seizures, among others. It is currently believed that these neurological symptoms are largely overlooked by practitioners and could be a red flag for earlier diagnosis. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - February 4, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Melissa Shapiro, David A. Blanco Source Type: research
The Neurological Manifestations of Gastrointestinal Disease
There is a growing interest in the extra-intestinal manifestations of common pediatric gastrointestinal diseases such as IBD and celiac disease. This chapter specifically focuses on the neurological symptoms that manifest as a result of these disorders and their treatments. Many neurologic symptoms have been reported in association with these diseases, including neuropathy, myopathy, ataxia, headache and seizure, among others. It is currently believed that these neurologic symptoms are largely overlooked by practitioners and could be of potential use for earlier diagnosis of disease. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - February 3, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Melissa Shapiro, David A. Blanco Source Type: research
Neurological Complications of Cardiac Disease
This article focuses on the complex interactions between the cardiovascular and neurologic systems. Initially, we focus on neurological complications in children with congenital heart disease both secondary to the underlying cardiac disease and complications of interventions. We later discuss diagnosis and management of common syncope syndromes with emphasis on vasovagal syncope. We also review the diagnosis, classification, and management of children and adolescents with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - January 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Nandini Madan, Karen S. Carvalho Source Type: research
Neurological Complications of Cardiac Diseases
This article focuses on the complex interactions between the cardiovascular and neurological systems. Initially we focus on neurological complications in children with Congenital Heart Disease both secondary to the underlying cardiac disease or complications of interventions. We discuss diagnosis and management of common syncope syndromes with emphases in Vasovagal Syncope. We review the diagnosis, classification and management of children and adolescents with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - January 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Nandini Madan, Karen S. Carvalho Source Type: research
Neurological Complications of Respiratory Disease
The respiratory and central nervous systems are intimately connected. Ventilatory control is strictly regulated by central mechanisms in a complex process that involves central and peripheral chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, the cardiovascular system, and specific areas of the brain responsible for autonomic control. Disorders of the lung and respiratory system can interfere with these mechanisms and temporarily or permanently disrupt this complex network resulting in mild to severe neurological sequelae. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - January 5, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Puja Mehta, Ana Melikishvili, Karen S. Carvalho Source Type: research
Neurological Complications of Respiratory Diseases
The respiratory and central nervous systems are intimately connected. Ventilatory control is strictly regulated by central mechanisms in a complex process that involves central and peripheral chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, the cardiovascular system, and specific areas of the brain responsible for autonomic control. Disorders of the lung and respiratory system can interfere with these mechanisms and temporarily or permanently disrupt this complex network resulting in mild to severe neurological sequelae. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - January 5, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Puja Mehta, Ana Melikishvili, Karen S. Carvalho Source Type: research
Neurologic Complications of Respiratory Diseases
The respiratory and central nervous systems are intimately connected. Ventilatory control is strictly regulated by central mechanisms in a complex process that involves central and peripheral chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, the cardiovascular system, and specific areas of the brain responsible for autonomic control. Disorders of the lung and respiratory system can interfere with these mechanisms and temporarily or permanently disrupt this complex network resulting in mild to severe neurologic sequelae. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - January 5, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Puja Mehta, Ana Melikishvili, Karen S. Carvalho Source Type: research
Neurological Complications of Respiratory Diseases ⁎⁎Disclosure of interests: The authors have no commercial, proprietary, or financial interest in any products or companies described in this article.
The respiratory and central nervous systems are intimately connected. Ventilatory control is strictly regulated by central mechanisms in a complex process that involves central and peripheral chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, the cardiovascular system and specific areas of the brain responsible for autonomic control. Disorders of the lung and respiratory system can interfere with these mechanisms and temporarily or permanently disrupt this complex network resulting in mild to severe neurological sequelae. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - January 4, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Puja Mehta, Ana Melikishvili, Karen S. Carvalho Source Type: research
