Micro Scale Investigation of Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Nano/Bio Materials
Publication date: 2015 Source:Procedia Materials Science, Volume 11 Author(s): R. Khademolhosseini, A. Jafari, M.H. Shabani Recently application of nano/bio materials for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) has been examined by few researchers, but there exists ambiguous concepts about simultaneous injection of nanoparticles/biomaterials. Therefore, in this study the heavy oil displacement mechanisms using simultaneous injection of nanosilica/biosurfactant have been investigated in a glass micromodel. In order to better illustrate the influence of nano/bio material different flooding scenarios containing distilled water,...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
A Novel Method to Produce an Artificial Common Bile Duct Using Electrospinning Technique
Publication date: 2015 Source:Procedia Materials Science, Volume 11 Author(s): N. Moazeni, D. Semnani, M. Latifi, M. Sadrjahani Reconstruction of the extrahepatic bile duct is one of the most common challenges for hepatobiliary surgeons to repair bile duct injury or defect. In this research, a novel method to produce an artificial common bile duct using electrospinning technique was introduced and the effect of polymer concentration on the compliance of produced prostheses is investigated. In addition, the optimum conditions of polyurethane nanofibrous tubes to reach the compliance of native common bile duct ar...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
Electrocatalytic Oxidation and Determination of Insulin at Rhodamine B –Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Publication date: 2015 Source:Procedia Materials Science, Volume 11 Author(s): A. Hatefi–Mehrjardi, M.A. Karimi, S. kamalabadi-khorasani The modified electrode surface was provided with the electropolymerization of the rhodamine B in the presence of carbon nanotube (CNT). The modified electrode offers dramatic improvements in the stability and sensitivity of voltammetric measurements of insulin compared to the bare and rhodamine B modified glassy carbon electrodes. The enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards insulin is indicated from lowering the potential of the oxidation process (starting around 0.75 vs. A...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
Wetting Characteristics of a Nano Y-TZP Dental Ceramic by a Molten Feldspathic Veneer
Publication date: 2015 Source:Procedia Materials Science, Volume 11 Author(s): M.T. Marefati, A.M. Hadian, T. Hooshmand, A. Hadian, B. Eftekhari Yekta The purpose of this study was to evaluate the wetting behaviour of a molten feldspathic glass-ceramic which is used as a veneering layer on dental Y-TZP cores. The grain size effect of the zirconia substrate on the wettability of the veneering material was also studied. It is suggested that the presence of a weak bond at the interface could be attributed to the poor wetting of ZrO2 surface by the molten veneer. Result of the sessile drop analysis showed high co...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
Nanoclay Enhanced the Mechanical Properties of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) /Chitosan /Montmorillonite Nanocomposite Hydrogel as Wound Dressing
In this study poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/chitosan (CS)/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite hydrogels were prepared by freezing-thawing method, as a biocompatible wound dressing. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed exfoliated morphology for prepared nanocomposite hydrogels and their mechanical properties were significantly influenced by nanoclay reinforcement. Using only 3wt. % of nanoclay enhances the tensile modulus of nanocomposite hydrogel near 35% in compare to its neat hydrogel counterpart. Other mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation at break have been investigated, too. Improved mechanical p...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
Chemical Synthesis of Polypyrrole Nanotubes for Neural Microelectrodes
In this study, polypyrrole (PPy) nanotubes used to decrease the interface impedance. PPy nanotubes were chemically synthesized inside the alumina template. SEM analysis showed 70nm inside diameter of nanotubes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests were performed for impedance measurement of PPy nanotubes coated microelectrode surface. The results showed that the impedance of the microelectrodes with PPy nanotubes coatings was four order of magnitude lower than the electrodes without coating in the neural frequency. EIS results also showed significant decrease in impedance of PPy nanotubes rather than PPy thin...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
A Facile One-step Electrochemical Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticle/Graphene Composites for Non-enzymatic Biosensor Applications
Publication date: 2015 Source:Procedia Materials Science, Volume 11 Author(s): S. Darvishi, F. Karmizadeh, M. Kharaziha In recent years, graphene, two-dimensional closely packed honey-comb carbon lattice, has been attracting much attention in the field of electrochemistry due to its intrinsic properties and merits. Moreover, nickel has found extensive use in preparation of biosensors. In the present study, we applied a simple and straightforward approach for the development of nickel nanoparticle-graphene sheet (NiNP-GS) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for nonenzymatic biosensor applications. The nanocompo...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
An Ultrasound-assisted Method on the Formation of Nanocrystalline Fluorohydroxyapatite Coatings on Titanium Scaffold by Dip Coating Process
In this study, titanium scaffolds with porosity of 60 volume percent were produced by Ti powder and urea space holder, using powder metallurgy technique. Dip-coating sol-gel process was used to coat titanium scaffolds with fluorohydroxyapatite (FHA) ceramics in order to improve their osteointegration for medical implant purposes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometers (EDS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to ensure removal of urea particles, non-oxidized samples caused by sintering process as well as evaluation of...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
Carbon Nanotubes for Delivery of Quercetin as Anticancer Drug: Theoretical Study
This study was done to investigate the effect of configuration between SWCNT (5,5) and Quercetin at gas phase and polarizable continuum model (PCM). Calculations have been done at the DFT level with using of hybrid density functional (B3LYP) and 6-31G (d,p) basis set. Results showed that the gas phase or PCM had no significant effect on CNT beside Quercetin as drug delivery systems. (Source: Procedia Materials Science)
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
Preparation, Characterization and Mechanical Assessment of Poly (Lactide-Co-Glycolide)/ Hyaluronic Acid/ Fibrin/ Bioactive Glass Nano-composite Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Applications
Publication date: 2015 Source:Procedia Materials Science, Volume 11 Author(s): E. Tavakoli, M. Mehdikhani-Nahrkhalaji, B. Hashemi-Beni, A. Zargar-Kharazi, M. Kharaziha The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microstructural and mechanical properties of poly (Lactide-co-Glycolide) (PLGA) and PLGA/ Hyaluronic acid (Ha)/ Fibrin (F)/ Bioactive glass (BG) nanocomposite scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. Nanocomposite scaffolds composed of PLGA/ Ha/ F/ BG, containing different amounts of Ha, F, and BG nanoparticles were prepared via solvent casting and particulate leaching (SC/PL) techniques. Charact...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
Characterization of Cu-nio Nano-composite Powder Prepared by Ball Milling Assisted Solid-state Reaction
Publication date: 2015 Source:Procedia Materials Science, Volume 11 Author(s): Y. Kolvandi, S. Sheibani In this paper, the possibility of production of Cu-NiO nano-composite powder using mechanochemical reaction was studied. Cu-NiO nano-composite powder was produced by high energy ball milling of CuO and Ni powder mixture. Structural and morphological evolutions were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Particular attention has been paid to the reaction mechanism. The reaction was initiated after about 1.5h and with continuing of milling up to 5h, NiO was formed completely in the nan...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
Tunable Structural and Optical Properties of Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) thin Films with Substrate Temperature
Publication date: 2015 Source:Procedia Materials Science, Volume 11 Author(s): M.T. Dejpasand, H. Rezagholipour Dizaji, M.H. Ehsani In this work, in order to investigate the impact of substrate temperature on structural and optical properties of CdTe thin films, four specimens with different substrate temperatures (100, 200, 300 and 400°C) were prepared. Structural and optical properties of the samples were systematically studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Electron Microscopy (AFM) and UV-Vis spectrophotometer techniques. XRD studies revealed the cubic phase for the deposited samples. AFM images of...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
The Study of Phosphate Rock Forming Minerals (Francolite) of Iran through the EDX-SEM to Assessment of Compositions in Nano-scale
Publication date: 2015 Source:Procedia Materials Science, Volume 11 Author(s): F. Bolourchifard, A. Memar In this work, the fine grains of Phosphate rocks forming minerals (francolite-Ca5(PO4,CO3)3F,OH) which belong to the geological formation of phosphate rocks of Zagros mountains in IRAN were detected, analyzed and interpreted by SEM-EDX in nano-scale. Moreover, the results are compared with the results of XRD analysis and straight observations of samples through the polarized microscope. Finding the composition of elements in minerals is the best path finder and also is very important in many geological investig...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
An Analytical Investigation on the Effects of Heat Input on Microstructures, Phase Transformations and Mechanical Properties of Ultrafine Grained Mg Alloys Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing in Different Velocity Ratios
Publication date: 2015 Source:Procedia Materials Science, Volume 11 Author(s): M. Navazani, K. Dehghani Friction stir processing is a solid state technique for partial modification of microstructures in surface layers of metals. Heat input is one of the efficient factors in this process which can vary the mechanical properties and the grains size even up to nano scale. In the present study, the effects of different rotational to traverse velocity ratio and also the circumstances of each one's effects on heat input were investigated during FSP of Mg alloys. Microstructure analyses were implemented in order to gain s...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
Effect of Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) on Wear Behavior of Al-7075 Alloy
Publication date: 2015 Source:Procedia Materials Science, Volume 11 Author(s): M. Chegini, A. Fallahi, M.H. Shaeri Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) is an effective fabrication process for obtaining ultrafine grained materials. In order to investigate the effect of grain refinement during ECAP on wear properties of Al 7075 alloy, the specimens were pressed up to four passes by route BC at room temperature. Followed by ECAP, dry sliding wear tests have been conducted using a pin-on-disk machine under different loads of 10, 20 and 30N at a constant sliding speed of 0.23 ms-1. Microstructural observations were u...
Source: Procedia Materials Science - November 8, 2015 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
