Measuring Microbial Metabolism in Atypical Environments
Publication date: Available online 29 September 2018Source: Methods in MicrobiologyAuthor(s): Wendy Stone, Gideon WolfaardtAbstractMicrobial metabolism in extreme environments has two defining characteristics: it is slow, and it tends towards the lower measurement thresholds of all current techniques and methodological trends. This provides the crucible of challenge to drive novel techniques, forcing researchers to employ new ideas, as well as reinvent old ideas that have fallen out of favour or become overshadowed by current buzzwords in the field. Some of the techniques that have been creatively harnessed to successfully...
Source: Methods in Microbiology - October 4, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Aqueous Methods for Extraction/Recovery of Macromolecules From Microorganisms of Atypical Environments: A Focus on Three Phase Partitioning
Publication date: Available online 18 September 2018Source: Methods in MicrobiologyAuthor(s): Mohammed GagaouaAbstractDownstream processing is a major cost in the production of macromolecules, including proteins and enzymes. Thus, development of efficient and economical downstream processing strategies has become an important area in microbiology, biochemistry and biotechnology. The trend is to develop protocols, which have fewer steps, do not require any preprocessing and have unit processes, which integrate well. This chapter deals with these aspects and explores one of the interesting aqueous separation methods, Three P...
Source: Methods in Microbiology - September 19, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Microbiology of the Built Environment in Spacecraft Used for Human Flight
Publication date: Available online 31 August 2018Source: Methods in MicrobiologyAuthor(s): Jiseon Yang, Starla G. Thornhill, Jennifer Barrila, Cheryl A. Nickerson, C. Mark Ott, Robert J.C. McLeanAbstractSpacecraft, associated with human spaceflight, is one of the more unusual microbial environments. In contrast to other terrestrial environments, microorganisms within spacecraft are completely isolated from the rest of the biosphere and experience greatly reduced gravity (microgravity) and increased exposure to solar radiation. Microorganisms are introduced to this environment primarily through the microbiomes associated wi...
Source: Methods in Microbiology - August 31, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Taxonomy of Oral Bacteria
Publication date: Available online 9 August 2018Source: Methods in MicrobiologyAuthor(s): Samantha J. Byrne, Catherine A. Butler, Eric C. Reynolds, Stuart G. DashperAbstractThe oral cavity is a collection of diverse microenvironments, each inhabited by a community of microorganisms, the majority of which are bacteria and their phages. Given the appropriate conditions, some of these bacteria can cause destruction of the teeth or their supporting hard and soft tissues. For over 300 years microbiologists have been characterising these microbial communities, in both oral health and disease. In this chapter, we take the reader ...
Source: Methods in Microbiology - August 10, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Territories of Rock-Inhabiting Fungi: Survival on and Alteration of Solid Air-Exposed Surfaces
Publication date: Available online 30 July 2018Source: Methods in MicrobiologyAuthor(s): Nicole Knabe, Anna A. GorbushinaAbstractSubaerial biofilms that are omnipresent at the interface between all solid substrates and the atmosphere are composed of a unique and widespread group of ascomycetes called rock-inhabiting fungi or microcolonial fungi (MCF), typically in communities with other microorganisms. While subaerial biofilms in toto have important roles in mineral weathering and biodeterioration of materials, methodological approaches to subaerial biofilm communities are diverse and frequently focussed on MCF. Here, we r...
Source: Methods in Microbiology - July 30, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Methods to Study Magnetotactic Bacteria and Magnetosomes
Publication date: Available online 18 July 2018Source: Methods in MicrobiologyAuthor(s): Lei Yan, Weijia XingAbstractMagnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are microorganisms capable of directed migration along geomagnetic field lines due to the presence of magnetosomes (MS) in the cells. Because of the special structures of MS consisting of lipid membranes and crystalline magnetic minerals, MTB have implications for environmental magnetism, development of magnetic materials, and iron biomineralization. Additionally, MS have potential uses for applications in modern biomedicine. Therefore, they have attracted attention from research...
Source: Methods in Microbiology - July 18, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Chapter 3 - Microfluidics for bacterial imaging
Publication date: 2016Source: Methods in Microbiology, Volume 43Author(s): L.E. Eland, A. Wipat, S. Lee, S. Park, L.J. WuAbstractMicrofluidics offers the technology for creating and maintaining microenvironments that is much needed for the microscopic study of bacteria. Over the past decade, microfluidics has been used in an increasingly large number of research studies, resulting in many important insights and discoveries. This chapter highlights some recent applications of microfluidic microscopy for bacteria, ranging from research in the engineering of bacterial systems, multispecies biofilm and microbial ecology, bacte...
Source: Methods in Microbiology - July 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Index
Publication date: 2016Source: Methods in Microbiology, Volume 43Author(s): (Source: Methods in Microbiology)
Source: Methods in Microbiology - July 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Series Page
Publication date: 2016Source: Methods in Microbiology, Volume 43Author(s): (Source: Methods in Microbiology)
Source: Methods in Microbiology - July 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Contributors
Publication date: 2016Source: Methods in Microbiology, Volume 43Author(s): (Source: Methods in Microbiology)
Source: Methods in Microbiology - July 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Preface
Publication date: 2016Source: Methods in Microbiology, Volume 43Author(s): Colin Harwood, Grant J. Jensen (Source: Methods in Microbiology)
Source: Methods in Microbiology - July 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Chapter 1 - Methods for visualization of peptidoglycan biosynthesis
Publication date: 2016Source: Methods in Microbiology, Volume 43Author(s): Y.-P. Hsu, X. Meng, M.S. VanNieuwenhzeAbstractPeptidoglycan is a rigid envelope surrounding the cytoplasmic membrane of most bacterial species. It helps protect bacterial cells from environmental stress and helps preserve cell morphology throughout their life cycle. Peptidoglycan biosynthesis is also an important regulator of bacterial cell division. Since the discovery of penicillin, it has also been an important drug target for antibacterial discovery and development. As a result, a significant effort has been directed at expanding our knowledge o...
Source: Methods in Microbiology - July 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Chapter 2 - Time-lapse microscopy and image analysis of Escherichia coli cells in mother machines
Publication date: 2016Source: Methods in Microbiology, Volume 43Author(s): Y. Yang, X. Song, A.B. LindnerAbstractHigh-throughput longitudinal measurements of single cells by automated time-lapse microscopy, combined with dynamic system modelling, have in recent decades advanced our understanding of microbial physiology, such as cell size control, gene expression and regulation, subcellular organisation and organelle dynamics, development and cell fate decision. However, the sheer large numbers of cells resulting from exponential growth often limit both the experimental duration and numbers of single cells quantified. To ad...
Source: Methods in Microbiology - July 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Chapter 4 - Electron cryotomography
Publication date: 2016Source: Methods in Microbiology, Volume 43Author(s): C.M. Oikonomou, M.T. Swulius, A. Briegel, M. Beeby, Q. Yao, Y.-W. Chang, G.J. JensenAbstractElectron cryotomography (ECT) delivers 3D images of native structures inside intact cells with resolution on the scale of large macromolecular complexes (~ 4 nm). It has proven to be an invaluable tool for interrogating the organization of bacterial cells and the structures of the nanomachines inside them. Here we present a brief introduction to the technique, a few examples of what we have learned by imaging bacterial cells with ECT over the last 1...
Source: Methods in Microbiology - July 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Chapter 2 - A Review of the Oesophageal Microbiome in Health and Disease
Publication date: 2017Source: Methods in Microbiology, Volume 44Author(s): Dervla Kelly, Liying Yang, Zhiheng PeiAbstractMicrobial members of the gastrointestinal tract, known as the GTI microbiome, are beneficial for host metabolism and digestion, thereby creating a symbiotic relationship with their host (Petersen & Round, 2014). The microbiome has recently emerged as contributing to many intestinal disease states such as gastrointestinal reflux disease, Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal cancers. Given that the local bacterial population influences individuals’ disease susceptibility, the microbiome of the gastrointe...
Source: Methods in Microbiology - July 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
