IFC - Editorial Board
Publication date: February 2019Source: Life Sciences in Space Research, Volume 20Author(s): (Source: Life Sciences in Space Research)
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - February 21, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Beyond planetary protection: What is planetary sustainability and what are its implications for space research?
Publication date: Available online 19 February 2019Source: Life Sciences in Space ResearchAuthor(s): André Galli, Andreas LoschAbstractThis paper presents recent developments in the interdisciplinary topic of “planetary sustainability” and discusses its potential implications for space research.The current COSPAR Planetary Protection Policy address scientific space exploration only and is primarily concerned with the issue of contamination with micro-organisms. Other impacts of human space exploration that may be detrimental to space exploration itself are not covered. The best known example is the anthropogenic space...
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - February 19, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Behavioral effects of space radiation: a comprehensive review of animal studies
Publication date: Available online 19 February 2019Source: Life Sciences in Space ResearchAuthor(s): Frederico Kiffer, Marjan Boerma, Antiño AllenAbstractAs NASA prepares for the first manned mission to Mars in the next 20 years, close attention has been placed on the cognitive welfare of astronauts, who will likely endure extended durations in confinement and microgravity and be subjected to the radioactive charged particles travelling at relativistic speeds in interplanetary space. The future of long-duration manned spaceflight, thus, depends on understanding the individual hazards associated with the environment beyond...
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - February 19, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Processing of household waste in the btlss using the wet combustion method
Publication date: Available online 14 February 2019Source: Life Sciences in Space ResearchAuthor(s): S.V. Trifonov, Ye.A. Morozov, T.A. KozlovaAbstractThe present study discusses physicochemical methods of organic waste processing in closed biotechnical life support systems (BTLSS). Sanitary and household cotton wastes were processed by the method of wet combustion in hydrogen peroxide using an alternating current electric field – a promising physicochemical method for organic waste processing in the BTLSS. The highest efficiency of the process (in terms of power consumption, duration of the process, and oxidation rate) ...
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - February 14, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Effects of head-only or whole-body exposure to very low doses of 4He (1000 MeV/n) particles on neuronal function and cognitive performance
Publication date: February 2019Source: Life Sciences in Space Research, Volume 20Author(s): Bernard M. Rabin, Shibu M. Poulose, Donna F. Bielinski, Barbara Shukitt-HaleAbstractOn exploratory class missions, astronauts will be exposed to a range of heavy particles which vary in linear energy transfer (LET). Previous research has shown a direct relationship between particle LET and cognitive performance such that, as particle LET decreases the dose needed to affect cognitive performance also decreases. Because a significant portion of the total dose experienced by astronauts may be expected to come from exposure to low LET 4...
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - February 7, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
A ground support biobarrier (gsb) for recontamination prevention
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2019Source: Life Sciences in Space ResearchAuthor(s): Nikunj Patel, Zachary Dean, Yuki Salinas, Lori Shiraishi, Laura NewlinAbstractPlanetary Protection organizations at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the European Space Agency (ESA), and other space agencies around the world are charged with protecting icy moons and Mars Special Regions, areas that carry an increased potential for life, from Earth biological contamination. During the spacecraft assembly process subsystems undergo functional testing, a task that verifies critical components can survive...
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - February 7, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Effects of Head-Only or Whole-Body Exposure to Very Low Doses of 4He (1000 MeV/n) Particles on Neuronal Function and Cognitive Performance
Publication date: Available online 5 February 2019Source: Life Sciences in Space ResearchAuthor(s): Bernard M. Rabin, Shibu M. Polouse, Donna F. Bielinski, Barbara Shukitt-HaleAbstractOn exploratory class missions, astronauts will be exposed to a range of heavy particles which vary in linear energy transfer (LET). Previous research has shown a direct relationship between particle LET and cognitive performance such that, as particle LET decreases the dose needed to affect cognitive performance also decreases. Because a significant portion of the total dose experienced by astronauts may be expected to come from exposure to l...
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - February 5, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Editorial
Publication date: Available online 28 January 2019Source: Life Sciences in Space ResearchAuthor(s): Tom Hei (Source: Life Sciences in Space Research)
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - January 28, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Effects of low-dose oxygen ions and protons on cardiac function and structure in male C57BL/6J mice
ConclusionsLow-dose, high-energy charged-particle irradiation caused mild changes in cardiac function and tissue remodeling in the mouse. (Source: Life Sciences in Space Research)
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - January 16, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Yield of Dwarf Tomatoes Grown with a Nutrient Solution based on Recycled Synthetic Urine
Publication date: Available online 14 January 2019Source: Life Sciences in Space ResearchAuthor(s): P. Zabel, G. Bornemann, M. Tajmar, D. SchubertAbstractExtended human spaceflight missions require not only the processing, but also the recycling of human waste streams in bio-regenerative life support systems, which are rich in valuable resources. The Combined Regenerative Organic food Production® project of the German Aerospace Center aims for recycling human metabolic waste products to produce useful resources. A biofiltration process based on natural communities of microorganisms has been developed and tested. The proce...
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - January 15, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Incorporation of mineralized human waste and fish waste as a source of higher plant mineral nutrition in the BTLSS mass exchange
Publication date: Available online 27 December 2018Source: Life Sciences in Space ResearchAuthor(s): N.A. Tikhomirova, S.V. Trifonov, S.A. Ushakova, E.A. Morozov, O.V. Anischenko, A.A. TikhomirovAbstractThe present study deals with the development of the principles and conditions of fish waste mineralization using the method of wet combustion with hydrogen peroxide in alternating electromagnetic field and describes testing mineralized human waste and fish waste as sources of nutrients for plants in the biotechnical human life support system (BTLSS). The study shows that mineralization of fish waste in the wet combustion re...
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - December 27, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Failure Modes, Causes, and Effects of Algal Photobioreactors used to Control a Spacecraft Environment
Publication date: Available online 5 December 2018Source: Life Sciences in Space ResearchAuthor(s): Emily Matula, James A. NabityAbstractBioregenerative technologies, in particular algae photobioreactors, have the potential to provide closed-loop environmental control and life support for human space flight, if robust enough for long-duration deep space missions. This paper reviews the failure modes, causes, and effects of an algal photobioreactor system for use in space flight environmental control and life support applications. The likelihood and severity for each failure is estimated, and associated mitigation or contin...
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - December 6, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Why did carbon become the pseudo-limiting factor in aquatic Closed Ecological Systems?
Publication date: Available online 5 December 2018Source: Life Sciences in Space ResearchAuthor(s): Frieda B. TaubAbstractClosure from the earth's atmosphere is a critical test of an ecosystem's ability to function. In our earlier testing of autotrophic Closed Ecological Systems (CESs), a C:N ratio of 26.4 (3.3 mM NaHCO3 and 0.125 mM NaNO3) supported algal and Daphnia populations for months, but developed extreme pH values (∼11 ungrazed,>10, grazed), suggesting that the systems were carbon-limited. Only approximately half the HCO3- (bicarbonate) would be expected to be available to green algae, the other portion becoming...
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - December 5, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
An investigation of the single and combined effects of hypogravity and ionizing radiation on brain monoamine metabolism and rats’ behavior
CONCLUSIONSWe received the first evidence of interferential interaction between the effects of ionizing radiation and hypogravity factors with regard to a behavior and monoamine turnover in the brain. Further studies with heavy nuclei at relevant doses (<0.5 Gy) are needed. (Source: Life Sciences in Space Research)
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - November 29, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Nucleic acid bases in Titan tholins and possible genetic systems in the Titan liquidosphere
In this study, we focused on the formation of nucleic acid bases and related compounds recovered from synthesized Titan tholins. The five nucleic acid bases that terrestrial life uses (adenine, cytosine, thymine, guanine, and uracil) have already been reported to be present in synthesized Titan tholins. Purines and pyrimidines, including the five aforementioned nucleic acid bases, were extracted from synthesized Titan tholins and analyzed by HPLC and LC/MS. As a result, the pyrimidine bases of isocytosine and 2, 4-diaminopyrimidine were detected together with the terrestrial nucleic acid bases of adenine, uracil, and cytos...
Source: Life Sciences in Space Research - November 27, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
