Systems Factorial Technology analysis of mixtures of processing architectures
Publication date: Available online 12 December 2018Source: Journal of Mathematical PsychologyAuthor(s): Daniel R. Little, Ami Eidels, Joseph W. Houpt, Paul M. Garrett, David W. GriffithsAbstractHuman information processing is flexible in its ability to utilize mechanisms such as attention and memory along with basic perceptual processes. As a consequence, information processing is probably best thought of as not reflecting one type of standard system or architecture but as a mixture of different types of systems. We examine the predictions of mixtures of different processing modes using Systems Factorial Technology (Townse...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - December 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: December 2018Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): (Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology)
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - December 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Accounting for estimation uncertainty and shrinkage in Bayesian within-subject intervals: A comment on Nathoo, Kilshaw, and Masson (2018)
Publication date: February 2019Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Volume 88Author(s): Daniel W. HeckAbstractTo facilitate the interpretation of systematic mean differences in within-subject designs, Nathoo, Kilshaw, and Masson (2018) proposed a Bayesian within-subject highest-density interval (HDI). However, their approach rests on independent maximum-likelihood estimates for the random effects which do not take estimation uncertainty and shrinkage into account. I propose an extension of Nathoo et al.’s method using a fully Bayesian, two-step approach. First, posterior samples are drawn for the linear mixed mod...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - November 30, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Optimizing sequential decisions in the drift–diffusion model
Publication date: February 2019Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Volume 88Author(s): Khanh P. Nguyen, Krešimir Josić, Zachary P. KilpatrickAbstractTo make decisions organisms often accumulate information across multiple timescales. However, most experimental and modeling studies of decision-making focus on sequences of independent trials. On the other hand, natural environments are characterized by long temporal correlations, and evidence used to make a present choice is often relevant to future decisions. To understand decision-making under these conditions we analyze how a model ideal observer accumulates evi...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - November 30, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Characterizing projective geometry of binocular visual space by Möbius transformation
Publication date: February 2019Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Volume 88Author(s): Jun ZhangAbstractBinocular vision involves the projection of objects in the 3-D visual space onto the two retinae and the comparison of spatial layout of objects in these retinal half-images. Here we characterize the unitary representation of the binocular space as a complex half-plane from the perspective of the cyclopean eye. We then investigate its automorphism group, namely the Möbius transformation group, and the associated invariants when the two eye positions are treated as fixed points of the automorphism. A three-point ...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - November 27, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Desirable properties of Bayesian models in perceptual psychology. A discussion of distribution families closed under multiplication
Publication date: February 2019Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Volume 88Author(s): Luigi Burigana, Michele VicovaroAbstractOne reason why Bayesian models based on Normal distributions are welcome in perceptual psychology is that they fit three natural expectations in the area: when two stimulus factors are in conflict the resulting perceptual value lies between the values separately supported by those factors, the resulting value is closer to that supported by the more reliable factor, and the variance implied by the combined action of the factors is no greater than the variances implied by them separately. To ...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - November 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Rotational-symmetry in a 3D scene and its 2D image
Publication date: December 2018Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Tadamasa Sawada, Qasim ZaidiAbstractA 3D shape of an object is N-fold rotational-symmetric if the shape is invariant for 360/N degree rotations about an axis. Human observers are sensitive to the 2D rotational-symmetry of a retinal image, but they are less sensitive than they are to 2D mirror-symmetry, which involves invariance to reflection across an axis. Note that perception of the mirror-symmetry of a 2D image and a 3D shape has been well studied, where it has been shown that observers are sensitive to the mirror-symmetry of ...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - November 21, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The structure of rating scales
Publication date: December 2018Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Reinhard SuckAbstractThe structure of the set of all possible rating scales is investigated. It is shown that by a natural addition of rating scales the set is a commutative semigroup with neutral element. From this operation a partial order can be defined which turns out to a lattice order. This lattice is shown to be distributive. In the next step two possibilities –closely related to the preceding development –are analyzed to endow this structure with a metric. The semigroup operation is shown to be continuous in the respe...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - November 17, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Confidence and varieties of bias
Publication date: Available online 29 October 2018Source: Journal of Mathematical PsychologyAuthor(s): Andrew Heathcote, Eleanor Holloway, James SauerAbstractWe test the proposition that response bias can have two different bases; reflecting either differing beliefs about the a priori likelihood of competing response alternatives, or their relative utilities. In evidence accumulation models, these two types of bias are thought to manifest as variations in the starting point for accumulation and threshold for responding, respectively. Although these two mechanisms are indistinguishable for linear accumulators in terms of ac...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - October 30, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
A quantum probability account of individual differences in causal reasoning
Publication date: December 2018Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Percy K. Mistry, Emmanuel M. Pothos, Joachim Vandekerckhove, Jennifer S. TruebloodAbstractWe use quantum probability (QP) theory to investigate individual differences in causal reasoning. By analyzing datasets from Rehder (2014) on comparative judgments, and from Rehder and Waldmann (2016) on absolute judgments, we show that a QP model can both account for individual differences in causal judgments, and why these judgments sometimes violate the properties of causal Bayes nets. We implement this and previously proposed models of c...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - October 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Estimating across-trial variability parameters of the Diffusion Decision Model: Expert advice and recommendations
Publication date: December 2018Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Udo Boehm, Jeffrey Annis, Michael J. Frank, Guy E. Hawkins, Andrew Heathcote, David Kellen, Angelos-Miltiadis Krypotos, Veronika Lerche, Gordon D. Logan, Thomas J. Palmeri, Don van Ravenzwaaij, Mathieu Servant, Henrik Singmann, Jeffrey J. Starns, Andreas Voss, Thomas V. Wiecki, Dora Matzke, Eric-Jan WagenmakersAbstractFor many years the Diffusion Decision Model (DDM) has successfully accounted for behavioral data from a wide range of domains. Important contributors to the DDM’s success are the across-trial variability parameter...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - October 17, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: October 2018Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Volume 86Author(s): (Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology)
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - October 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Data-based prediction under uncertainty: CDF-quantile distributions and info-gap robustness
Publication date: December 2018Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Yakov Ben-Haim, Michael SmithsonAbstractData underlie understanding of processes and prediction of the future. However, things change; data from one population at one time may have uncertain relevance for modeling or prediction in another population or at another time. Data-based prediction in a changing world requires two complementary capabilities: versatile modeling, integrated with management of uncertainty. We develop a response to this challenge. We focus on statistical models of bounded random variables, associated with ad...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - October 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The statistical structures of reinforcement learning with asymmetric value updates
In this study, we investigate how the differential learning rates influence the statistical properties of choice behavior (i.e., the relation between past experiences and the current choice) based on theoretical considerations and numerical simulations. We clarify that when the learning rates differ, the impact of a past outcome depends on the subsequent outcomes, in contrast to standard RL models with symmetric value updates. Based on the results, we propose a model-neutral statistical test to validate the hypothesis that value updates are asymmetric. The asymmetry in the value updates induces the autocorrelation of choic...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - October 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Extended formulations for order polytopes through network flows
Publication date: December 2018Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Clintin P. Davis-Stober, Jean-Paul Doignon, Samuel Fiorini, François Glineur, Michel RegenwetterAbstractMathematical psychology has a long tradition of modeling probabilistic choice via distribution-free random utility models and associated random preference models. For such models, the predicted choice probabilities often form a bounded and convex polyhedral set, or polytope. Polyhedral combinatorics have thus played a key role in studying the mathematical structure of these models. However, standard methods for characterizing ...
Source: Journal of Mathematical Psychology - September 22, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
