International Journal of Paleopathology 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Osteological evidence for juvenile vitamin D deficiency in a 19th century suburban population from Surrey, England
Publication date: Available online 9 February 2018Source: International Journal of PaleopathologyAuthor(s): Rebecca Watts, Sascha-Ray ValmeAbstractVitamin D deficiency rickets was considered endemic in the industrialized cities of 19th century England, but was rarely reported in more rural and suburban areas. The commercial excavation of St. John’s Church, Redhill, Surrey, UK provided an opportunity to examine to what extent suburban children were affected by rickets and the factors responsible for its development. Seventy-nine non-adults (0–17 years) from St. John’s Church were subjected to macroscopic and radiograp...
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Fracture of the odontoid process in a male individual from the medieval necropolis of Maro (Málaga, Spain)
This study is one of the first reports of an odontoid process fracture in ancient contexts. (Source: International Journal of Paleopathology)
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Is it a cystic or a cyst-like condition? Discussing the etiology of an unusual large mandibular lesion in a Roman skeleton from Quinta da Torrinha/Quinta de Santo António (Almada, Portugal)
Publication date: Available online 17 February 2018Source: International Journal of PaleopathologyAuthor(s): Sandra Assis, Sílvia Casimiro, Francisca Alves CardosoAbstractCystic and cyst-like lesions of the jaw are a recurrent finding in routine dental radiography but not in paleopathology. This paper describes a large oval osteolytic cavity (23 × 14 mm) observed in the mandible of a middle-aged female unearthed from the Roman necropolis of Quinta da Torrinha/Quinta de Santo António (Almada, Portugal, 3rd–5th centuries AD). The lesion was located in the body of the mandible, inferior to the alveolus of the first...
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Root grooves on two adjacent anterior teeth of Australopithecus africanus
In this study, South African fossil hominin collections were examined for evidence of any type of non-carious cervical lesion. Only one individual shows ante-mortem root grooves consistent with non-carious cervical lesions. Two teeth, a mandibular right permanent lateral incisor (STW 270) and canine (STW 213), belonging to the same Australopithecus africanus individual, show clear ante-mortem grooves on the labial root surface. These lesions start below the CEJ, extend over a third of the way toward the apex, and taper to a point towards the lingual side. The characteristics of these grooves suggest the predominant aetiolo...
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
The pathology of vitamin D deficiency in domesticated animals: An evolutionary and comparative overview
Publication date: Available online 13 March 2018Source: International Journal of PaleopathologyAuthor(s): Elizabeth W. UhlAbstractAlthough vitamin D is critical to calcium/phosphorus homeostasis, bone formation and remodeling, there is evolution-based variation between species in vitamin D metabolism and susceptibility to rickets and osteomalacia. Most herbivores produce vitamin D3 in response to sunlight, but dogs and cats have generally lost the ability as carnivore diets are rich in vitamin D. Nutritional deficiencies and/or poor exposure to sunlight can induce rickets in birds, swine, cattle and sheep, but horses are l...
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
The roles of vitamin D and cutaneous vitamin D production in human evolution and health
Publication date: Available online 29 March 2018Source: International Journal of PaleopathologyAuthor(s): Nina G. Jablonski, George ChaplinAbstractMost of the vitamin D necessary for the maintenance of human health and successful reproduction is made in the skin under the influence of a narrow portion of the electromagnetic spectrum emitted from the sun, namely ultraviolet B radiation (UVB). During the course of human evolution, skin pigmentation has evolved to afford protection against high levels of UVR while still permitting cutaneous production of vitamin D. Similar pigmentation phenotypes evolved repeatedly as the res...
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Four possible cases of osteomalacia: The value of a multidisciplinary diagnostic approach
Publication date: Available online 11 April 2018Source: International Journal of PaleopathologyAuthor(s): A.E. van der Merwe, B. Veselka, H.A. van Veen, R.R. van Rijn, K.L. Colman, H.H. de BoerAbstractRickets and residual rickets are often encountered in Dutch archeological skeletal samples. However, no archeological Dutch paleopathological case of adult osteomalacia has been described in literature to date. This paper describes the first four archeological Dutch paleopathological cases of osteomalacia and assesses the value of the various modalities (macroscopic assessment, radiology and histology) that may be used for di...
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
A probable prehistoric case of meningococcal disease from San Francisco Bay: Next generation sequencing of Neisseria meningitidis from dental calculus and osteological evidence
Publication date: Available online 25 May 2018Source: International Journal of PaleopathologyAuthor(s): Jelmer W. Eerkens, Ruth V. Nichols, Gemma G.R. Murray, Katherine Perez, Engel Murga, Phil Kaijankoski, Jeffrey S. Rosenthal, Laurel Engbring, Beth ShapiroAbstractNext Generation Sequencing (NGS) of ancient dental calculus samples from a prehistoric site in San Francisco Bay, CA-SCL-919, reveals a wide range of potentially pathogenic bacteria. One older adult woman, in particular, had high levels of Neisseria meningitidis and low levels of Haemophilus influenzae, species that were not observed in the calculus from three o...
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Unilateral absence of mandibular condyle in a Bronze Age male skeleton from Portugal
Publication date: Available online 29 May 2018Source: International Journal of PaleopathologyAuthor(s): A.M. Silva, T. Tomé, C. Cunha, J. d’Oliveira Coelho, A.C. Valera, V. Filipe, G.R. ScottAbstractIn 2009, a pit burial dated to the Bronze Age was excavated in Monte do Gato de Cima 3 (Portugal). The purpose of this paper is to describe the pathological absence of the left mandibular condyle noted in an adult male skeleton and to discuss possible diagnoses, including subcondylar fracture, cystic defect, congenital absence, condylar aplasia and mandibular condylysis. The most likely explanation for the pathological alter...
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
A probable case of multiple myeloma in a female individual from the Simon Identified Skeletal Collection (late 19th–early 20th century, Vaud, Switzerland)
We present the case of an individual from the Simon Identified Skeletal Collection (Vaud, Switzerland) who appears to have been affected by a form of neoplastic disease. A detailed description and differential diagnosis of the lesions was conducted and is presented here. Considering the biological profile of the individual, the distribution of the lesions, and their appearance, a case is made for multiple myeloma as the most likely diagnosis. This case study demonstrates the importance of adopting a detailed approach for recording the metric and non-metric traits of lesions, using multiple methods of analysis, and providin...
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Assessing cancer risk factors faced by an Ancestral Puebloan population in the North American Southwest
This study continues Whitley and Boyer's (2012) research testing whether concentrations of ionizing radiation were sufficiently high to induce cancer and related health issues. Access to a preserved and partly reconstructed subterranean pit structure inhabited between AD 1120 and 1170, allows us to test radon concentrations in a residential dwelling. This study found radon occurring in high levels, 19.4–20.3 pCi/L (717.8–751.1 Bq/m3) within the structure. Epidemiological reports are inconsistent when linking specific cancers and radon exposure. However, this study can control for many of the confounding factors plagu...
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Ancient cancers and infection-induced oncogenesis
Publication date: June 2018Source: International Journal of Paleopathology, Volume 21Author(s): Paul W. EwaldAbstractCancers have been reported in bone and soft tissue of ancient agricultural populations. Fossilized bones from prehistoric periods provide evidence of tumors but only one example of cancer. Difficulties in diagnosing the causes of lesions in mummified tissue and fossilized bone, and in interpreting the prevalence of cancers from remains, draw attention to the need for complementary approaches to assess the occurrence of cancer in ancient populations. This paper integrates current knowledge about pathogen indu...
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: June 2018Source: International Journal of Paleopathology, Volume 21Author(s): (Source: International Journal of Paleopathology)
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Editor-in-Chief’s Comment on the Paleo-oncology Special Issue
Publication date: June 2018Source: International Journal of Paleopathology, Volume 21Author(s): Jane E. Buikstra (Source: International Journal of Paleopathology)
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Preface: A letter from the guest editors
Publication date: June 2018Source: International Journal of Paleopathology, Volume 21Author(s): Casey L. Kirkpatrick, Roselyn A. Campbell, Kathryn J. Hunt, Jennifer L. Willoughby (Source: International Journal of Paleopathology)
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - July 10, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
