Efficacy and acceptability of an acute illness management course delivered to staff and students in Uganda by staff from the UK
Conclusions
A UK-developed acute illness management course was acceptable in a low-income country and delivered significant increases in knowledge and a high intention to change practice. Future research must focus on understanding the implementation of education into clinical practice. (Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - August 26, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Byrne-Davis, L., Slattery, H., Whiteside, S., Moro, E., Jackson, M., Onyachi, N., Stevens, A., Hart, J., Surgenor, M., Byrne, G., on behalf of the Manchester Optimising Health through Training Education and Research (MOHTER) Collaboration Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research
Surgical site infection rates in six cities of India: findings of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC)
Conclusions
In most types of surgical procedures, surgical site infections rates were higher than those reported by the CDC-NHSN, but similar to INICC. This study is an important advancement towards the knowledge of surgical site infections epidemiology in the participating Indian hospitals that will allow us to introduce targeted interventions. (Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - August 26, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Singh, S., Chakravarthy, M., Rosenthal, V. D., Myatra, S. N., Dwivedy, A., Bagasrawala, I., Munshi, N., Shah, S., Panigrahi, B., Sood, S., Kumar-Nair, P., Radhakrishnan, K., Gokul, B. N., Sukanya, R., Pushparaj, L., Pramesh, C. S., Shrikhande, S. V., Guli Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research
Outcomes of a school-based intervention on rabies prevention among school children in rural Sri Lanka
Conclusions
The threat of rabies to pupils in Sri Lanka would be reduced if they are given appropriate information on rabies prevention as a part of the school curricula. Close collaboration with local education offices is key to successful implementation of school-based rabies control programmes, which is, in turn, crucial to the eradication of rabies from Sri Lanka. (Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - August 26, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Kanda, K., Obayashi, Y., Jayasinghe, A., de S. Gunawardena, G. S. P., Delpitiya, N. Y., Priyadarshani, N. G. W., Gamage, C. D., Arai, A., Tamashiro, H. Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research
Non-communicable disease training for public health workers in low- and middle-income countries: lessons learned from a pilot training in Tanzania
Conclusions
The applied NCD epidemiology and control training piloted in Tanzania was well received and showed improvements in knowledge, skill and self-efficacy and changes in workplace behavior and institutional and organizational changes. Further evaluations are needed to better understand the impact of similar NCD trainings and future trainers should ensure that trainees have mentoring and workplace support prior to participating in an applied NCD training. (Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - August 26, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Davila, E. P., Suleiman, Z., Mghamba, J., Rolle, I., Ahluwalia, I., Mmbuji, P., de Courten, M., Bader, A., Zahniser, S. C., Krag, M., Jarrar, B. Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research
Seroepidemiology of melioidosis in children from a remote region of Papua New Guinea
Conclusions
This study in children supports observations that interactions with groundwater in this region are risk factors in acquiring melioidosis. Public health measures intended to limit this exposure may help reduce the risk of acquiring melioidosis in this remote community. Associations with clan structure may provide more cultural specific insights, however this requires further elucidation. (Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - August 26, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Diefenbach-Elstob, T. R., Graves, P. M., Burgess, G. W., Pelowa, D. B., Warner, J. M. Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research
Lymphatic filariasis among children and adolescents: spatial identification via socio-environmental indicators to define priority areas for elimination
Conclusions
The indicator used is a promising tool that enables the precise measurement of the relationship between social deprivation and the prevalence of filarial infection among children. Thus, it can be used to plan control and elimination actions. (Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - August 26, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Brandao, E., Bonfim, C., Alves, A., Oliveira, C., Montenegro, C. E., Costa, T., Maciel, A., Medeiros, Z. Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research
Challenges to malaria surveillance following elimination of indigenous transmission: findings from a hospital-based study in rural Sri Lanka
Conclusions
Mandatory continuous medical education programmes need to continue to ensure that malaria remains on the differential diagnosis of a fever patient, especially in patients with fever over 7 days. It is essential to publicize the availability of free-of-charge malaria diagnostic facilities, and to ensure that proper notification procedures are followed when a malaria patient is diagnosed. (Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - August 26, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Fernando, S. D., Ainan, S., Premaratne, R. G., Rodrigo, C., Jayanetti, S. R., Rajapakse, S. Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research
Measuring elimination of podoconiosis, endemicity classifications, case definition and targets: an international Delphi exercise
Conclusions
Based on the two Delphi rounds we discuss potential indicators and endemicity classification of this disabling disease, and the ongoing challenges to its elimination in countries with the highest prevalence. Consensus will help to increase effectiveness of podoconiosis elimination efforts and ensure comparability of outcome data. (Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - August 26, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Deribe, K., Wanji, S., Shafi, O., Muheki Tukahebwa, E., Umulisa, I., Davey, G. Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research
From 'control to elimination': a strategic change to win the end game
Strategies for elimination evolve from early use of available tools, to elaboration of control strategies, through to ‘elimination.’ Onchocerciasis control in Africa demonstrates this evolution. Early strategies used vector control but later used mass distribution of ivermectin. Elimination in Africa though was not thought to be possible; however, with excellent coverage of ivermectin distribution it was demonstrated that treatment could be stopped on the Senegal Mali border stimulating a new policy of elimination of transmission where possible. This new policy must not be business as usual but will require red...
Source: International Health - August 26, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Hopkins, A. D. Tags: COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Political, social and technical risks in the last stages of disease eradication campaigns
Eradication of a disease is one of the greatest gifts any generation can give to subsequent ones, but most attempts have failed. The biggest challenges occur in the final stages of eradication and elimination campaigns. These include falling public support as a disease becomes less common; the emergence of groups who do not support eradication; spiralling costs; and the evolution of drug, vaccine or insecticide resistance. Mass campaigns become less effective as the disease fragments and modelling becomes less reliable. Optimism bias is the biggest risk to any eradication campaign and the long endgame must be planned for f...
Source: International Health - August 26, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Whitty, C. J. M. Tags: COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Eradication and elimination: facing the challenges, tempering expectations
(Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - August 26, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Molyneux, D. H. Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research
Extracting transmission networks from phylogeographic data for epidemic and endemic diseases: Ebola virus in Sierra Leone, 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza and polio in Nigeria
(Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - July 6, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Famulare, M., Hu, H. Tags: ERRATUM Source Type: research
Dynamic analysis of blood pressure changes in progressive cerebral infarction
Conclusions
Hypertension history of more than 5 years is an important risk factor for progressive cerebral infarction. Both the elevation of systolic blood pressure 16 h to 5 d after admission and abnormal circadian blood pressure are associated with the disease progression. (Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - July 6, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Zhao, M., Zhang, L., Wang, Z., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wei, H., Li, R., Du, Y. Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research
Barriers to access and re-attendance for treatment of podoconiosis: a qualitative study in northern Ethiopia
Conclusions
This study illustrates the multiple, step-wise barriers to accessing treatment faced by podoconiosis patients. These factors are dynamic, frequently interact and result from competing social and economic priorities. (Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - July 6, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Tsegay, G., Wubie, M., Degu, G., Tamiru, A., Cooper, M., Davey, G. Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research
Hygiene practices and faecal contamination of the hands of children attending primary school in Mauritius
Conclusions
A scarcity of soap was noted in the schools which could prevent the children from adopting proper hygiene practices. Furthermore, children should be often reminded of the importance of hygienic practices. (Source: International Health)
Source: International Health - July 6, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Padaruth, S. K., Biranjia-Hurdoyal, S. D. Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research
