HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The effects of freezing, boiling and degreasing on the microstructure of bone
Publication date: April 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 2 Author(s): S.L. Lander , D. Brits , M. Hosie The histology of bone has been a useful tool in research. It is commonly used to estimate the age of an individual at death, to assess if the bone is of human or non-human origin and in trauma analysis. Factors that affect the histology of bone include age, sex, population affinity and burning to name but a few. Other factors expected to affect bone histology are freezing, boiling and degreasing but very little information is available for freezing and the effect thereof, a...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Isotopic composition and identification of the origins of individuals buried in a Neolithic collective grave at Bronocice (southern Poland)
Publication date: April 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 2 Author(s): K. Szostek , E. Haduch , B. Stepańczak , J. Kruk , A. Szczepanek , J. Pawlyta , H. Głąb , S. Milisauskas The oxygen present in a human organism comes from numerous sources, but the major factor that causes variation in the isotopic composition of this element in a tissue is available drinking water. The isotopic ratio of oxygen in an organism's tissue, including that found in bones and teeth, reflects the isotopic oxygen composition typical for the area where a given individual developed and lived. ...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Craniofacial variation, body size and ecological factors in aboriginal populations from central Patagonia (2000–200 years B.P.)
Publication date: April 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 2 Author(s): Valeria Bernal , Marien Béguelin , Florencia Gordón , Virginia A. Cobos , Paula N. Gonzalez , Federico P. Lotto Previous studies have shown that ecological factors had a significant role in shaping the patterns of craniofacial variation among South American populations. Here, we evaluate whether temperature and diet contributed to facial diversification in small geographic areas. Facial size and shape of 9 osteological samples from central Patagonia (Argentina) were described using 2D landmarks and sem...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Assessing change in diet and biological affinity between the 4th and 3rd millennia cal BCE in the Portuguese Estremadura: A preliminary dental comparison of Feteira II and Bolores
Publication date: April 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 2 Author(s): B.C. Horwath , A.J. Waterman , K.T. Lillios , J.D. Irish Although the social and political changes accompanying the transition from the Neolithic through Copper Age, between the 4th and 3rd millennia cal BCE, in southwestern Iberia are reasonably well understood, much less is known about whether population movements and dietary changes accompanied these transformations. To address this question, human dental remains from the Middle through Late Neolithic site of Feteira II (3600–2900 cal BCE) and the Lat...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Surnames, geographic altitude, and digital dermatoglyphics in a male population from the province of Jujuy (Argentina)
Publication date: June 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 3 Author(s): José E. Dipierri , Esperanza Gutiérrez-Redomero , Concepción Alonso-Rodríguez , Emma Alfaro , Dario Demarchi , Noemí Rivaldería The possible association between finger dermatoglyphic patterns and altitude and surname distribution was analyzed in a sample of adult males from the province of Jujuy, Argentina. We also investigated the biological affinity of this population with other South American natives and admixed populations. Fingerprints were obtained from 996 healthy men, aged 18–20 years, fro...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The birthrate drop in Iran
Publication date: June 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 3 Author(s): A.G. Loeffler , Erika Friedl The recent steep decline in Iran's birthrate poses methodological and interpretive challenges insofar as statistical information on demographic factors cannot satisfactorily establish causalities or delineate processes of change. Our research suggests that this decline rests on the interplay of socio-cultural “idea” variables that augment factors of the developmental paradigm commonly used in population studies. Especially modernist ideas labeled “progress” in Iran have in...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The optimal value of BMI for the lowest risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women aged 40–88 years
Publication date: June 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 3 Author(s): A. Skrzek , S. Kozieł , Z. Ignasiak The aim of this paper is to establish the optimal values of the body mass index (BMI) which would indicate the most favourable preservation of the bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. The material consists of the data of 369 healthy women aged between 40 and 88 years (mean age 67.84, SD=6.70) inhabitants of Wrocław, which were followed up between 2001 and 2006. The absolute measure of bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck was assessed using dual energy ...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Evidence based palaeopathology: Meta-analysis of Pubmed®-listed scientific studies on pre-Columbian, South American mummies
This study's results shall assist to improve evidence-based research in palaeopathology. (Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology)
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Hypodontia: Prevalence and pattern amongst the living Druze population – A Near Eastern genetic isolate
Publication date: June 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 3 Author(s): Firas Alsoleihat , Ameen Khraisat The Druze population is a small-sized Near Eastern genetic isolate with high rates of consanguineous marriages. The present study aimed at investigating prevalence, pattern and distribution of hypodontia in the permanent dentition, excluding wisdom teeth, amongst this population. Panoramic radiographs, dental casts, and anamnestic records of 85 un-admixed Druze schoolchildren (45 males, 40 females; age range=14–18 years, mean age=16 years, SD=0.5 years) were examined for ev...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Variation in natural head position and establishing corrected head position
Publication date: June 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 3 Author(s): A.L. Barbera , W.J. Sampson , G.C. Townsend Corrected head position (CHP) has been simulated by using the Frankfurt horizontal (FH) for over 100 years but FH varies between individuals. Because CHP is biologically relevant for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, orthognathic surgical planning, and art, this study examined relationships between head position and selected cephalometric planes. Natural head position cephalograms of Aboriginal Australians and two contemporary samples from private ortho...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Reconstructing cultural behavior from dental wear studies: Is para-facets analysis approach scientifically valid?
This study was aimed to examine the identification of parafacets in some of the Qafzeh specimens. Based on findings of our research we suggest that the attrition facets mistakenly considered as parafacets are in fact the result of the static and dynamic occlusion. Therefore the observations induce much less dramatic interpretation. We here propose several guidelines that would be beneficial in that they aim to evaluate the parafacets with heightened accuracy. (Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology)
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Anthropometric aspects of hand morphology in relation to sex and to body mass in a Turkish population sample
Publication date: August 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 4 Author(s): C. Barut , A. Dogan , M.C. Buyukuysal The hand is not only one of the principal structures related to motor function but is also essential for tactile sensations. The genetic endowment of an individual plays an important role in the development and differentiation of the hands. Certain features of hands are known to be sexually dimorphic and body morphology may also affect hand morphology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anthropometric aspects of the hand in terms of its overall morphology and sh...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Twins and the paradox of dental-age estimations: A caution for researchers and clinicians
Publication date: August 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 4 Author(s): M. Pechníková , D. De Angelis , D. Gibelli , V. Vecchio , R. Cameriere , B. Zeqiri , C. Cattaneo The biological age difference among twins is frequently an issue in studies of genetic influence on various dental features, particularly dental development. The timing of dental development is a crucial issue also for many clinicians and researchers. The aim of this study was therefore to verify within groups of twins how dental development differs, by applying Demirjian's method, Mincer's charts of deve...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Sex determination by tooth size in a sample of Greek population
Publication date: August 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 4 Author(s): A.G. Mitsea , K. Moraitis , G. Leon , K. Nicopoulou-Karayianni , C. Spiliopoulou Sex assessment from tooth measurements can be of major importance for forensic and bioarchaeological investigations, especially when only teeth or jaws are available. The purpose of this study is to assess the reliability and applicability of establishing sex identity in a sample of Greek population using the discriminant function proposed by Rösing et al. (1995). The study comprised of 172 dental casts derived from two pri...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Estimation of sex from the hyoid body in skeletal individuals from archeological sites
Publication date: August 2014 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 65, Issue 4 Author(s): R. D’Anastasio , J. Viciano , M. Di Nicola , D.T. Cesana , M. Sciubba , M. Del Cimmuto , A. Paolucci , A. Fazio , L. Capasso Recent forensic studies have shown that the hyoid bone is a sexually dimorphic element of the human skeleton. Given the advanced techniques of collecting human remains in archeological and forensic contexts, the recovery of hyoid bones is now more frequent in skeletal samples. For that reason the authors propose a new method for estimating sex based on hyoid bodies from arche...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - October 12, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research