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Association of five SNPs with human hair colour in the Polish population
Publication date: Available online 4 February 2017 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology Author(s): A. Siewierska-Górska, A. Sitek, E. Żądzińska, G. Bartosz, D. Strapagiel Twenty-two variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms – SNPs) of the genes involved in hair pigmentation (OCA2, HERC2, MC1R, SLC24A5, SLC45A2, TPCN2, TYR, TYRP1) were genotyped in a group of 186 Polish participants, representing a range of hair colours (45 red, 64 blond, 77 dark). A genotype-phenotype association analysis was performed. Using z-statistics we identified three variants highly associated with different hair colour c...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - February 3, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The effect of trauma on Neanderthal culture: A mathematical analysis
Publication date: Available online 4 February 2017 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology Author(s): W. Nakahashi Traumatic lesions are often observed in ancient skeletal remains. Since ancient medical technology was immature, severely traumatized individuals may have frequently lost the physical ability for cultural skills that demand complex body movements. I develop a mathematical model to analyze the effect of trauma on cultural transmission and apply it to Neanderthal culture using Neanderthal fossil data. I estimate from the data that the proportion of adult individuals who suffered traumatic injuries ...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - February 3, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Archaeological Human Remains: Global Perspectives, B. O ’Donnabhain, M.C. Lozada (Eds.). Springer, New York (2014), ISBN: 978-3-319-06370-6
Publication date: January 2017 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Volume 68, Issue 1 Author(s): Jack A. Biggs (Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology)
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - January 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Variation of facial features among three African populations: Body height match analyses
In conclusion, adult body height in addition to other factors such as age, sex, and ethnicity should be considered in making decision on facial craniometry. However, not all the facial linear dimensions were sensitive to body height. (Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology)
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - December 22, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

C282Y/H63D hemochromatosis mutations and microevolution: speculations concerning the Basque population
Publication date: Available online 19 December 2016 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology Author(s): F. Bauduer The Basques live at the Western extremity of the Pyrenees. According to linguistic and genetic data they could be considered as one of the most ancient European populations. Numerous studies have evidenced particular patterns in the frequency of several genetic polymorphisms in this relatively unmixed human group. We discuss herein the puzzling distribution of the two major hemochromatosis HFE mutations associated with hereditary hemochromatosis. Thus, one can observe a low frequency of C282Y and,...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - December 18, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Fluctuating asymmetry in dental and mandibular nonmetric traits as evidence for childcare sex bias in 19th/20th century Portugal
Publication date: Available online 15 December 2016 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology Author(s): L.M. Marado, A.M. Silva, J.D. Irish Fluctuating asymmetry, often considered a measure of developmental instability, was studied in the dental morphological traits of 600 individuals from among the poorest sectors of society in 19th-20th century Portugal. The aims are to identify and interpret any differences between: 1) males and females, and 2) patterns of distribution among teeth with different odontogenic timings, to assess if any sex bias existed in childcare. Dental and mandibular morphological traits...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - December 15, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Variation of facial features among three African populations; body height match analyses
In conclusion, adult body height in addition to other factors such as age, sex, and ethnicity should be considered in making decision on facial craniometry. However, not all the facial linear dimensions were sensitive to body height. (Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology)
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - December 13, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

On the antiquity of Legg –Calvé–Perthes disease: Skeletal evidence in Iron Age Italy
Publication date: Available online 28 November 2016 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology Author(s): V.S. Manzon, Z. Ferrante, M. Giganti, E. Gualdi-Russo Legg–Calvé–Perthes is a very rare disease involving childhood osteochondrosis of the femoral head due to interruption of its blood supply. The etiology is unknown. The signs of the pathology are well described in the literature but few paleopathological cases have been reported, mostly dating from Late Antiquity to Early Middle Ages. Here we report on morphometric and radiological analyses of a skeleton from the Etruscan necropolis of Spina (Ferra...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - December 8, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Reaction time norms as measured by ruler drop method in school-going South Asian children: A cross-sectional study
This study aimed to estimate normative range for reaction time using ruler drop method for school-going South Asian children between 6 and 12 years of age. A cross-sectional study was used to evaluate the reaction time for 204 children. Normal values for each age group were obtained. The results of multiple linear regressions showed a decrease in the reaction time values with age, and a significant change occurring between six and eight years of age. No difference in reaction time was obtained between boys and girls. Ruler drop method is an easy to use test and the results of this study provide a normative data for age gro...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - December 8, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The association between socioeconomic status and health-related quality of life among Polish postmenopausal women from urban and rural communities
Publication date: Available online 1 December 2016 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology Author(s): M. Kaczmarek, J.Pacholska-Bogalska, W. Kwaśniewski, J.Kotarski, B. Halerz-Nowakowska, A. Goździka-Józefiak In recent years, more scholarly attention has been paid to a growing range of geographic characteristics as antecedents of inequalities in women's health and well-being. The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in health-related quality of life between rural and urban Polish postmenopausal women. Using a data set from a reproductive health preventive screening of 660 postmenopausal w...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - December 1, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

On the antiquity of Legg-Calv é-Perthes disease: Skeletal evidence in Iron Age Italy
Publication date: Available online 28 November 2016 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology Author(s): V.S. Manzon, Z. Ferrante, M. Giganti, E. Gualdi-Russo Legg-Calvé-Perthes is a very rare disease involving childhood osteochondrosis of the femoral head due to interruption of its blood supply. The etiology is unknown. The signs of the pathology are well described in the literature but few paleopathological cases have been reported, mostly dating from Late Antiquity to Early Middle Ages. Here we report on morphometric and radiological analyses of a skeleton from the Etruscan necropolis of Spina (Ferrara, ...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - November 28, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Dental wear quantity and direction in Chalcolithic and Medieval populations from southwest France
This study demonstrates the need for additional research into the complex actions of mastication and its effect on dental wear, as well as standardised methodology for the examination of dental wear in archaeological samples. (Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology)
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - November 26, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Assessment of the variability in the dimensions of the intact pelvic canal in South Africans: a pilot study
Publication date: Available online 27 November 2016 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology Author(s): S. Jagesur, A. Wiid, S. Pretorius, M.C. Bosman, A.C. Oettlé Cephalopelvic disproportion is common among Africans and is a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. As the dimensions of the pelvis may vary between populations and according to stature and age, they need to be considered during childbirth and also in the planning and performance of pelvic and perineal procedures. The aim of this study was to assess the possible variations in the dimensions of the intact pelvic canal in...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - November 26, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Growth of the maxillary sinus in children and adolescents: A longitudinal study
Publication date: Available online 4 November 2016 Source:HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology Author(s): S.L. Smith, P.H. Buschang, P.C. Dechow Maxillary sinus volumetric and surface area data and growth models from longitudinal samples of children and adolescents are presented. Cone-beam radiographic CT scans from two small retrospective longitudinal samples, one from the Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas (N=17, 12 females, 5 males, 10.9-17.4 years) and one from a group private orthodontic practice in Nevada (N=15, 9 females, 6 males, 6.4-13.4 years) were used to collect maxillary sinus volumes and s...
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - November 3, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Y-chromosomal haplogroup distribution in the Tuzla Canton of Bosnia and Herzegovina: A concordance study using four different in silico assignment algorithms based on Y-STR data
In conclusion, results presented herein not only constitute a concordance study on the four most popular haplogroup assignment algorithms, but they also give a deeper insight into the inter-population differentiation in B&H on the basis of Y haplogroups for the first time. (Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology)
Source: HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology - November 1, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research