Complex fungi
Publication date: September 2018Source: Fungal Biology Reviews, Volume 32, Issue 4Author(s): Ursula Kües, Weeradej Khonsuntia, Shanta SubbaAbstractFilamentous fungi grow in form of multicellular tubular hyphae (‘simple multicellularity’). When hyphae aggregate, more complex three-dimensional structures emerge. Differentiation of hyphal cells adds to morphological and functional complexity of aggregated fungal organs (‘complex multicellularity’) that serve such different biological purposes as sustenance, resilience, or sexual or asexual reproduction. The most complex structures in the fungal kingdom are the multic...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - September 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Essential, deadly, enigmatic: Polyamine metabolism and roles in fungal cells
Publication date: Available online 9 August 2018Source: Fungal Biology ReviewsAuthor(s): Raquel O. Rocha, Richard A. WilsonAbstractPolyamines are essential metabolites found in all organisms. Intracellular polyamine levels are tightly maintained by biosynthesis, degradation, uptake and excretion processes that involve regulatory mechanisms – such as the antizyme inhibitory protein – that are conserved across the kingdoms of life, indicating that polyamine levels are critical to cell function. Nonetheless, the biochemical roles of polyamines and their involvement in numerous fundamental cellular processes including agin...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - August 10, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Insights into the social life and obscure side of Scedosporium/Lomentospora species: ubiquitous, emerging and multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogens
Publication date: Available online 7 August 2018Source: Fungal Biology ReviewsAuthor(s): Thaís P. Mello, Vera Carolina B. Bittencourt, Livia C. Liporagi-Lopes, Ana Carolina Aor, Marta H. Branquinha, André L.S. SantosAbstractThe undeniable relevance of fungal infections caused by both yeasts and molds has considerably augmented over the last four decades, becoming a serious health public problem in hospitals worldwide. In this scenario, several fungal species have emerged as human pathogens able to cause diseases in both immucompromised and immunocompetent individuals. In this context, species belonging to the Scedosporiu...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - August 8, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Flow cytometry and FACS applied to filamentous fungi
Publication date: Available online 25 July 2018Source: Fungal Biology ReviewsAuthor(s): Robert-Jan Bleichrodt, Nick D. ReadAbstractFlow cytometry is an automated, laser- or impedance-based, high throughput method that allows very rapid analysis of multiple chemical and physical characteristics of single cells within a cell population. It is an extremely powerful technology that has been used for over four decades with filamentous fungi. Although single cells within a cell population are normally analysed rapidly on a cell-by-cell basis using the technique, flow cytometry can also be used to analyse cell (e.g. spore) aggreg...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - July 26, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: June 2018Source: Fungal Biology Reviews, Volume 32, Issue 3Author(s): (Source: Fungal Biology Reviews)
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - July 13, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Some like it hot, some not – Tropical and arctic mushrooms
Publication date: June 2018Source: Fungal Biology Reviews, Volume 32, Issue 3Author(s): Hans Halbwachs, Josef SimmelAbstractFungi are of pivotal importance for terrestrial ecosystems. They occur globally and show extremely high species diversities. In this review, we compiled information about the adaptability of pileate basidiomycetes by illustrating their habits in contrasting biomes, the arctic regions and tropical lowland rainforests. Mushrooms are faced with differing stress factors and levels in the two ecozones. They fight such challenges by using, by and large, similar physiological and morphological toolkits. They...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - July 13, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Editorial for Fungal Biology Reviews 2018 (3)
Publication date: June 2018Source: Fungal Biology Reviews, Volume 32, Issue 3Author(s): (Source: Fungal Biology Reviews)
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - July 13, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: January 2018Source: Fungal Biology Reviews, Volume 32, Issue 1Author(s): (Source: Fungal Biology Reviews)
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - July 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
What has happened to the “aquatic phycomycetes” (sensu Sparrow)? Part I: A brief historical perspective
Publication date: January 2018Source: Fungal Biology Reviews, Volume 32, Issue 1Author(s): Frank H. Gleason, Agostina V. Marano, Osu Lilje, Lene LangeAbstractThe “aquatic phycomycetes” constitute an ecologically and economically important assemblage of eukaryotic microorganisms, because they share many morphological traits and important ecological functions and they interact with each other in aquatic ecosystems. The last two decades of research have provided both molecular and structural evidence that the “aquatic phycomycetes” are a diverse, polyphyletic grouping and therefore not a valid taxonomic entity. Very l...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - July 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
The role of anaerobic fungi in fundamental biogeochemical cycles in the deep biosphere
Publication date: January 2018Source: Fungal Biology Reviews, Volume 32, Issue 1Author(s): Henrik Drake, Magnus IvarssonAbstractA major part of the biologic activity on Earth is hidden underneath our feet in an environment coined the deep biosphere which stretches several kilometers down into the bedrock. The knowledge about life in this vast energy-poor deep system is, however, extremely scarce, particularly for micro-eukaryotes such as fungi, as most studies have focused on prokaryotes. Recent findings suggest that anaerobic fungi indeed thrive at great depth in fractures and cavities of igneous rocks in both the oceanic...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - July 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Epigenetic determinants of phenotypic plasticity in Candida albicans
Publication date: January 2018Source: Fungal Biology Reviews, Volume 32, Issue 1Author(s): Laxmi Shanker Rai, Rima Singha, Priya Brahma, Kaustuv SanyalAbstractEpigenetics literally means heritable changes in gene expression without any modification in the DNA sequence. The field of epigenetics is revolutionising our understanding of basic fundamental principles behind the normal development and the diseased state of an individual. However, chromatin modifications during infection, wherein the pathogen interacts with its host, received comparatively little attention. Nevertheless, the role of epigenetics in the establishmen...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - July 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Current updates on fungal endocarditis
Publication date: January 2018Source: Fungal Biology Reviews, Volume 32, Issue 1Author(s): Neema Negi, Aijaz AhmadAbstractFungal endocarditis (FE) is a rare disease but in recent years its incidence as well as mortality is increasing particularly in developing nations. Candida and Aspergillus species occupy the prominent position as etiological agents of this invasive disease. Intravenous devices such as pacemakers, central line related thrombosis and prolonged use of antibiotics are major risk factors for FE. The epidemiology of endocarditis cases is also evolving over time with exceptionally rare species causing more inv...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - July 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Cryptococcus neoformans mutant screening: a genome-scale's worth of function discovery
Publication date: Available online 9 February 2018Source: Fungal Biology ReviewsAuthor(s): Thabiso E. MotaungAbstractDescribed in humans in 1894, Cryptococcus neoformans, a medically-important basidiomycete fungus, has since been studied in order to identify the factors that enable it to cause disease. Large-scale collections of mutants have been created, and mutant strains deposited in biorepositories. Studying these collections provides deeper functional insights for genes controlling biological processes, and ultimately complements a wealth of genomics and transcriptomics information. Therefore, to many laboratories use...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - July 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Fungal species and their boundaries matter – Definitions, mechanisms and practical implications
Publication date: March 2018Source: Fungal Biology Reviews, Volume 32, Issue 2Author(s): Emma T. Steenkamp, Michael J. Wingfield, Alistair R. McTaggart, Brenda D. WingfieldAbstractRecent scientific and technological advances have improved and streamlined our ability to recognise and describe fungal species. Detailed comparative genomics studies have also expanded our understanding of species boundaries. Against this background, we explore the nature of fungal species and consider how this impacts our understanding of their genetics and evolution. The current body of evidence suggests that fungal species are unique evolutio...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - July 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
What has happened to the “aquatic phycomycetes” (sensu Sparrow)? Part II: Shared properties of zoosporic true fungi and fungus-like microorganisms
Publication date: March 2018Source: Fungal Biology Reviews, Volume 32, Issue 2Author(s): Frank H. Gleason, Osu Lilje, Lene LangeAbstractMany species of zoosporic heterotrophic parasites, saprotrophs and mutualists in the Phyla Perkinsozoa (dinoflagellates), Oomycota, Hyphochytriomycota, Labyrinthulomycota and Phyomyxea share morphological characteristics with zoosporic true fungi especially with some of the Chytridiomycota and with fungus-like organisms in the Phyla Mesomycetozoea, Chytridiomycota and Aphelidae. These characteristics include chemotactic motile zoospores, zoosporangia which produce zoospores, thick walled r...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - July 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
