Editorial Board
(Source: Drug Resistance Updates)
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - April 1, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Drug-resistant tuberculosis in the WHO European Region: An analysis of surveillance data
Abstract: To review the latest information about levels of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug resistance in the European Region of the World Health Organization (WHO) and time-trends in multidrug-resistant TB (resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin; MDR-TB) over the past fifteen years.We analysed data on drug resistance among new and previously treated TB cases reported from 1997 to 2012. Data are collected in surveys of representative samples of TB patients or from surveillance systems based on diagnostic drug susceptibility testing.A total of 15.7% (95% confidence limits (CI): 9.5–21.9) of new and 45.3% (95%CI: 39.2–51.5) o...
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - March 17, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Matteo Zignol, Masoud Dara, Anna S. Dean, Dennis Falzon, Andrei Dadu, Kristin Kremer, Harald Hoffmann, Sven Hoffner, Katherine Floyd Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Antimicrobial resistance among in South America: History, current dissemination status and associated socioeconomic factors
(Source: Drug Resistance Updates)
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - March 6, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Raquel Regina Bonelli, Beatriz Meurer Moreira, Renata Cristina Picão Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacteriaceae in South America: History, current dissemination status and associated socioeconomic factors
Abstract: South America exhibits some of the higher rates of antimicrobial resistance in Enterobactericeae worldwide. This continent includes 12 independent countries with huge socioeconomic differences, where the ample access to antimicrobials, including counterfeit ones, coexists with ineffective health systems and sanitation problems, favoring the emergence and dissemination of resistant strains. This work presents a literature review concerning the evolution and current status of antimicrobial resistance threats found among Enterobacteriaceae in South America. Resistance to β-lactams, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosi...
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - March 6, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Raquel Regina Bonelli, Beatriz Meurer Moreira, Renata Cristina Picão Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Breakpoints for antifungal agents: An update from EUCAST focussing on echinocandins against Candida spp. and triazoles against Aspergillus spp.
Abstract: Candida and Aspergillus infections have emerged as significant pathogens in recent decades. During this same time, broad spectrum triazole and echinocandin antifungal agents have been developed and increasingly used. One consequence of widespread use is leading to the emergence of mutants with acquired resistance mutations. Therefore, accurate susceptibility testing and appropriate clinical breakpoints for the interpretation of susceptibility results have become increasingly important.Here we review the underlying methodology by which breakpoints have been selected by EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial S...
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - March 6, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Maiken C. Arendrup, Manuel Cuenca-Estrella, Cornelia Lass-Flörl, William W. Hope Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Experimental evolution as an efficient tool to dissect adaptive paths to antibiotic resistance
Abstract: Antibiotic treatments increasingly fail due to rapid dissemination of drug resistance. Comparative genomics of clinical isolates highlights the role of de novo adaptive mutations and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in the acquisition of resistance. Yet it cannot fully describe the selective pressures and evolutionary trajectories that yielded today's problematic strains. Experimental evolution offers a compelling addition to such studies because the combination of replicated experiments under tightly controlled conditions with genomics of intermediate time points allows real-time reconstruction of evolutionary tra...
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - March 4, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Gunther Jansen, Camilo Barbosa, Hinrich Schulenburg Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Antimicrobial resistance among in South America: History, current dissemination status and associated socioeconomic factors
South America exhibits some of the higher rates of antimicrobial resistance in Enterobactericeae worldwide. This continent includes 12 independent countries with huge socioeconomic differences, where the ample access to antimicrobials, including counterfeit ones, coexists with ineffective health systems and sanitation problems, favoring the emergence and dissemination of resistant strains. This work presents a literature review concerning the evolution and current status of antimicrobial resistance threats found among Enterobacteriaceae in South America. (Source: Drug Resistance Updates)
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - February 10, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Raquel Regina Bonelli, Beatriz Meurer Moreira, Renata Cristina Picão Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Antimicrobial resistance among in South America: History, current dissemination status and associated socioeconomic factors
(Source: Drug Resistance Updates)
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - February 10, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Raquel Regina Bonelli, Beatriz Meurer Moreira, Renata Cristina Picão Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Drug Resistance Updates)
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - December 1, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Reduced glycopeptide and lipopeptide susceptibility in Staphylococcus aureus and the “seesaw effect”: Taking advantage of the back door left open?
ABSTRACT: Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) constitutes approximately 50% of clinical S. aureus isolates and is most commonly the result of production of a mutated pencillin-binding protein, PBP2a, which is able to carry out essential cell wall synthesis functions while maintaining a low-affinity for nearly all beta-lactam antibiotics. Decreased susceptibility to glycopeptides, typically considered first-line MRSA agents, has also been documented. Interestingly, among MRSA isolates, an increase in beta-lactam susceptibility has been documented in the presence of declining lipo- and glycopeptide susceptibility. This ph...
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - November 22, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jessica K. Ortwine, Brian J. Werth, George Sakoulas, Michael J. Rybak Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Targeting PI3K, HER2 and the IL-8/JAK2 axis in metastatic breast cancer: Which combination makes the whole greater than the sum of its parts?
Abstract: The widespread hyperactivation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway in human cancer has made it a prime target for the treatment of this disease. However, a variety of resistance mechanisms involving (re)activation of the targeted pathway or of parallel survival signaling cascades have limited the clinical success of inhibitors targeting PI3K and/or mTOR. Recent studies delineated new crosstalks between PI3K, HER2, JAK2 and IL-8 signaling, which can explain the limited efficacy of PI3K blockade when inhibitors of this pathway are used as single agents. In this review, we summarize molecular mechanisms of resistance to inhibi...
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - October 28, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Adrian Britschgi, Thomas Radimerski, Mohamed Bentires-Alj Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Containing “The Great Houdini” of viruses: Combining direct acting antivirals with the host immune response for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C
Abstract: Presently the development of new therapies for hepatitis C virus (HCV) is rapidly moving forward. Almost every week new data appear on how direct acting antivirals (DAAs) succeed or fail in clinical trials. Despite the potency of many of the DAA combinations, the effect exerted by ribavirin (RBV) is still needed for an effective therapy in many new DAA combinations. Due to the strong antiviral effect of DAAs, it is likely that a major complementary therapeutic effect exerted by RBV is immune modulation resulting in an increased barrier to development of resistance. For HCV genotype 1a infections elimination of pe...
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - August 5, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Gustaf Ahlén, Lars Frelin, Erwin Daniel Brenndörfer, Anette Brass, Ola Weiland, Margaret Chen, Matti Sällberg Tags: Articles Source Type: research
