Three-year retention in methadone opioid agonist treatment: A survival analysis of clients by dose, area deprivation, and availability of alcohol and cannabis outlets
Drug overdose has become the leading cause of accidental death in the United States with opioids driving this crisis (Hedegaard et al., 2017). Opioids - illicit, prescribed, or both - constituted almost two thirds (42,249 out of 63,632) of drug overdose deaths in 2016, an increase of 47.5% and 27.7% from 2014 and 2015 respectively. In a fourteen-month period between July 2016 and September 2017, 142,557 out of 91 million emergency department visits (157 per 100,000) alleged opioid overdose (Vivolo-Kantor et al., 2018). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 6, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Solmaz Amiri, Katherine Hirchak, Robert Lutz, Michael G. McDonell, Sterling M. McPherson, John M. Roll, Ofer Amram Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Development and validation of a Virtual Agent to screen tobacco and alcohol use disorders
Tobacco use disorder estimate is 22% in worldwide general population (World Health Organization, 2016), and that of alcohol use disorder is 4.1% (World Health Organization, 2014). However, the proportion of individuals who have currently been engaged in alcohol or tobacco use disorder treatment is low, probably under 10% (Hasin and Grant, 2015; World Health Organization, 2017). Better screening of individuals for tobacco or alcohol use disorder to provide the appropriate care is of major interest. (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 6, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Marc Auriacombe, Sarah Moriceau, Fuschia Serre, C écile Denis, Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi, Etienne de Sevin, Emilien Bonhomme, Stéphanie Bioulac, Mélina Fatseas, Pierre Philip Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
A longitudinal investigation of the association between cannabis use and alcohol use among people living with HIV
Cannabis use is prevalent among people living with HIV (PLWH), with an estimated 62% reporting lifetime use (Hartzler et al., 2017). While studies have documented the potential benefits of cannabis use for symptom management (Ellis et al., 2009; Woolridge et al., 2005), heavy cannabis use may be associated with several health risks among PLWH, including risky sexual behavior (Mimiaga et al., 2013; Tyurina et al., 2013), cannabis dependence (Hartzler et al., 2017), and increased use of other substances, such as alcohol (Galvan et al., 2002; Okafor et al., 2017; Prentiss et al., 2004; Tyurina et al., 2013). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 6, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Jeffrey D. Wardell, Paul A. Shuper, Christian S. Hendershot Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Keeping smoking affordable in higher tax environments via smoking thinner roll-your-own cigarettes: Findings from the International Tobacco Control Four-Country Survey 2006-15
Roll-Your-Own tobacco (RYO), also known as hand-rolled tobacco (HRT), is finely cut tobacco which is purchased by smokers, along with papers and filters, to self-assemble cigarettes by hand(HMRC, 2016). RYO cigarette smoking has increased in recent years in many countries, including the UK, USA, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, and South Africa (Ayo-Yusuf and Olutola, 2013; Brown et al., 2015; Fu et al., 2014; Gilmore et al., 2014; Hiscock et al., 2017; Koszowski et al., 2014; Lugo et al., 2015; Partos et al., 2017; Tarrazo et al., 2017; World Health Organization, 2011; Young et al., 2012), and continues to be used by a subs...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 6, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: J. Robert Branston, Ann McNeill, Anna Gilmore, Rosemary Hiscock, Timea R Partos Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Risk-taking propensity and (un)healthy behavior in Germany
Health risk behaviors, such as harmful alcohol consumption, often negatively impact physical and mental health (WHO, 2006, 2014). Some individuals have a specific propensity for engaging in such behavior (De Haan et al., 2015; Mallpress et al., 2015). Early detection of risk-taking propensity and corresponding precautions may protect health. For example, individuals with an increased risk-taking propensity for problematic drinking may be involved in specific prevention programs (e.g., psychoeducation, corresponding methods of cognitive behavior therapy) that prevent them from developing the problematic behavior and from it...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 6, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Julia Brailovskaia, Holger Schillack, Hans-J örg Assion, Helmut Horn, Jürgen Margraf Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Characteristics of patients with substance use disorder before and after the Affordable Care Act
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA)(U.S. Congress, 2010) significantly expanded insurance coverage choices for patients with substance use disorders (SUDs). Building on the legacy of parity legislation, which required that treatment for SUDs and other psychiatric conditions be covered on par with medical and surgical services (Abraham et al., 2017; Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services), the ACA mandated that SUD treatment be included as an “essential benefit” in the health benefit plans offered on the state and federal exchanges. (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 6, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Cynthia I. Campbell, Sujaya Parthasarathy, Andrea Altschuler, Kelly C. Young-Wolff, Derek D. Satre Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Drug screening and changing marijuana policy: Validation of new single question drug screening tools
Illicit drug use, which includes the use of drugs that are illegal to process, sell and consume as well as the use of prescription medications other than as prescribed, is common in the U.S. and has demonstrated progressive increases for more than a decade. In 2016, 10.6 percent of Americans aged 12 or older reported having used an illicit drug in the past 30 days (Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, 2017) This percentage has risen every year since 2002, due in large part to the burgeoning use of marijuana (Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, 2017) A National Drug Intelligence Center repor...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 6, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: J. Paul Seale, J. Aaron Johnson, Nicholas Cline, Christopher Buchanan, Chris Kiker, Lindsey Cochran Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Rising incidence of aging opioid users within the EU wide treatment demand indicator; The Irish opioid epidemic from 1996 to 2014
Opioid use is the second most prevalent illicit drug use disorder worldwide and is a serious health concern associated with significant morbidity and mortality (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2017). There are currently 1.3 million people with high-risk opioid use in Europe (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, 2017a). European data across thirty countries shows that 191,000 clients entered treatment in 2015 with opioids as their primary drug problem (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, 2017a). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 6, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Anne Marie Carew, Catherine Comiskey Source Type: research
Utilization of opioid agonist therapy among incarcerated persons with opioid use disorder in Vancouver, Canada
Vancouver, British Columbia (BC), Canada, like many areas in North America, is currently struggling with an opioid overdose crisis. Across the province, 931 unintentional overdose deaths related to illicit drugs were reported in 2016 (61.8% involving fentanyl), an increase from 531 in 2015, and 341 in 2014 (British Columbia Coroners Service, 2017a), prompting the Provincial Health Officer to declare a public health emergency in April 2016. In spite of this measure, the number of opioid overdose deaths increased another 43% in 2017 (British Columbia Coroners Service, 2017b). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 6, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Nikki Bozinoff, Kora DeBeck, M-J Milloy, Ekaterina Nosova, Nadia Fairbairn, Evan Wood, Kanna Hayashi Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Accounting for the uncounted: Physical and affective distress in individuals dropping out of oral naltrexone treatment for opioid use disorder
Multiple strategies are needed to address the current opioid epidemic and improve response to approved medication assisted treatments (MAT) for opioid use disorder (OUD) (Volkow, 2018). While buprenorphine, methadone, and naltrexone all have their strengths and weaknesses, the great potential of naltrexone, in particular, has been undercut by difficulties with induction and retention (Kirchmayer et al., 2002; Larney et al., 2014; Sullivan et al., 2017). The advent of extended-release injectable naltrexone (XR-NTX) held promise for improving adherence, but recent reviews indicate that adherence to XR-NTX remains disappointi...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 4, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Kathleen M. Carroll, Charla Nich, Tami L. Frankforter, Sarah W. Yip, Brian D. Kiluk, Elise E. DeVito, Mehmet Sofuoglu Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Cannabis use during alcohol treatment is associated with alcohol-related problems one-year post-treatment
Alcohol and cannabis co-use is prevalent, with cannabis being the most commonly used drug among drinkers (Falk et al., 2008). Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC, N = 43,093 ) show that approximately 22.5% of individuals with AUD use cannabis, less than 10% use other drugs (Falk et al., 2008), and 60% or more use tobacco (Chen et al., 2006). NESARC findings also indicate that cannabis use can exacerbate alcohol effects, subsequently increasing the risk of alcohol-related problems and alcohol use disorder (AUD) (Blanco et al., 2016). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 4, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Meenakshi S. Subbaraman, Jane Metrik, Deidre Patterson, Robert L. Stout Source Type: research
#drunktwitter: Examining the relations between alcohol-related Twitter content and alcohol willingness and use among underage young adults
It has been argued that social networking sites (SNS) expand young adults ’ (YAs’) exposure to peer risk behavior, including alcohol use. When viewing others’ profiles, users can learn about others’ interests, hobbies, social lives, and health and risk behaviors (Ellison et al., 2007). Given how much time YAs spend on SNS in conjunction with the multiple ways (e.g ., text, photo) and opportunities to communicate about alcohol, SNS are an influential risk-conducive environment for YA alcohol use (McCreanor et al., 2013; Moreno and Whitehill, 2014). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 4, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Dana M. Litt, Melissa A. Lewis, Emma S. Spiro, Lovenoor Aulck, Katja A. Waldron, Maya K. Head-Corliss, Alex Swanson Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Oxytocin receptor gene methylation and substance use problems among young African American men
Substance use peaks during the young adult years; a majority of people ages 18-24 will misuse alcohol or report the use of marijuana or other illicit drugs during this period (Johnston et al., 2015). The vast majority of young people, however, will not develop substance-related problems (Nelson et al., 2015). The factors that differentiate those who experience serious consequences from those whose use has relatively slight long-term impact remain poorly understood. This question is particularly germane for African American men from low socioeconomic status (SES) environments. (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 4, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Steven M. Kogan, Junhan Cho, Steven R.H. Beach, Alicia K. Smith, Shota Nishitani Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Opioid and cocaine use among primary care patients on buprenorphine —Self-report and urine drug tests
In the United States, guidelines recommend that patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) treated with buprenorphine in office-based settings be monitored for treatment adherence and substance use with urine drug tests (UDTs; SAMHSA, 2018). Accordingly, as per a 2015 survey of American Society of Addiction Medicine members, 93% of the respondents prescribe buprenorphine and 79% use UDTs as a way to monitor patient adherence and further assess aberrant behaviors (Kirsh et al., 2015). Despite this recommendation and these practices, the current medical literature does not provide extensive evidence for the utility of UDTs for ...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 3, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Sarah M. Bagley, Debbie M. Cheng, Michael Winter, Daniel P. Alford, Colleen LaBelle, Alexander Y. Walley, Jeffrey H. Samet Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Intimate relationships and patterns of drug and sexual risk behaviors among people who inject drugs in Kazakhstan: A latent class analysis
Rates of HIV continue to grow among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Central Asia despite overall reductions worldwide in HIV incidence over the past decade (Degenhardt et al., 2016; Dehovitz et al., 2014; El-Bassel et al., 2013a,b; Thorne et al., 2010). In Kazakhstan, HIV infection is expanding at a rate that is among the fastest in the world with an increase of 39% in new cases of HIV infections from 2010-2016 (UNAIDS, 2016). Kazakhstan has one of the highest rates of injection drug use in Eastern Europe and Central Asia (Vickerman et al., 2014) amounting to an estimated population of 120,500 in Kazakhstan (UNAIDS, 2016...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 3, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Phillip L. Marotta, Assel Terlikbayeva, Louisa Gilbert, Tim Hunt, Amar Mandavia, Elwin Wu, Nabila El-Bassel Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
