The Behavioral Profile of methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (PVP) - A Systematic Review.
CONCLUSION: The trend of new molecules entering the market will continue and with it we will encounter more and more cases in our clinical practice. Standard drug testing is unlikely to confer much guidance. Clinicians must be aware of such presentations and be able to manage them accordingly, minimizing unwanted harm.
PMID: 28325154 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews)
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - March 24, 2017 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
Pleasure as an Overlooked Target of Substance Use Disorder Research and Treatment.
CONCLUSION: Research is needed to investigate the relation between pleasure and substance use, and existing and newly developed treatments that have the potential to increase the pleasure. By increasing pleasure such treatments have the potential to help recipients to live fuller and richer lives. Integration of pleasure into existing treatments has compelling transdiagnostic implications for individuals at any point along a substance use severity continuum.
PMID: 28290252 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews)
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - March 19, 2017 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
Development of a Definition for the Alcohol Hangover: Consumer Descriptions and Expert Consensus.
Authors: Verster JC, Lantman MV, van de Loo AJ, Mackus M
Abstract
Up to now there is no adequate definition of the alcohol hangover. The purpose of the current study was to develop a useful definition, and consensus among those who will use it in scientific publications. A survey was conducted among N=1099 social drinkers who recently had a hangover. They were asked to provide their definition of the alcohol hangover. Text mining and content analysis revealed 3 potential definitions. These were submitted to members of the Alcohol Hangover Research Group, who were asked to give their expert opinion on the p...
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - February 23, 2017 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
A Review of the Physiological Factors Associated with Alcohol Hangover.
Authors: Tipple C, Benson SM, Scholey A
Abstract
Alcohol hangovers are a commonly experienced consequence of drinking and are frequently associated with worsened mood and cognitive functioning. The physiological changes that occur with an alcohol-induced hangover state are largely unknown. This review focuses on key physiological factors of an alcohol-induced hangover, more specifically, oxidative stress, lack of sleep, hormonal fluctuations, dehydration, headaches, fever and changes to the immune system. Increased understanding of the relationship between the physiological factors and symptoms of a hangov...
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - February 10, 2017 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
A Review on the Sex differences in Organ and System Pathology with Alcohol Drinking.
Authors: Vatsalya V, Liaquat HB, Ghosh K, Mokshagundam SP, McClain CJ
Abstract
Hazardous consequences of alcohol consumption adversely influence overall health, specifically physical and mental health. Differences in alcohol consumption and manifestations in pathology have been observed between males and females, however research on understanding these differences is limited. Negative consequences of alcohol consumption have now been studied including sex as a significant factor. Some studies have shown differences in the severity of consequences of alcohol consumption between the sexes, both in the mental...
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - January 28, 2017 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
Cultivating a trauma awareness culture in the addictions.
CONCLUSION: Ongoing training on trauma dynamics, self-care and clinical supervision may deepen professionals' understanding of the impact of trauma on their work culture and protect them from the risk of secondary traumatic stress.
PMID: 28078986 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews)
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - January 14, 2017 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
Midazolam plus haloperidol as adjuvant analgesics to morphine in opium dependent patients: A randomized clinical trial.
CONCLUSION: Based on the present data, adding haloperidol plus midazolam to morphine for pain management improved pain scores and lowered morphine consumption among opium-dependent patients.
PMID: 28059034 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews)
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - January 9, 2017 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
Proceeding of the 8th Alcohol Hangover Research Group Meeting.
Authors: Mackus M, Adams S, Barzilay A, Benson S, Blau L, Iversen J, Johnson SJ, Keshavarzian A, Scholey A, Smith GS, Trela C, Vatsalya V, Verster JC
Abstract
Alcohol hangover is one of the most commonly experienced consequences of alcohol consumption. An alcohol hangover develops as the blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) approaches zero, and is characterized by a general feeling of misery. More insight into the pathology of an alcohol hangover needs to be gained, in order to enhance the understanding of the area, and as a potential contribution to the innovation of a preventative or hangover curing treatm...
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - January 1, 2017 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
Smoking and Cognition.
This article reviews current state of the art research on the effects of nicotine upon cognition. There are different neurobiological mechanisms involved in acute/chronic smoking and nicotine abstinence. Smoking reinforcement could be due to the initial cognitive improvement, that is, individuals can learn that smoking temporarily increases cognitive functioning (improving some components of attention and memory). These acute nicotine effects improve (i) cognitive performance above smokers' normal levels, and (ii) cognitive disruption resulting from nicotine abstinence. Both neurobiological effects act as reinforcers to ni...
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - August 7, 2016 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
Substance Related and Addictive Disorders Connect ADHD with Catastrophic Life Events: A Mini Review.
CONCLUSION: Comorbid mental disorders with ADHD can act, at least partially, as mediators from ADHD to SRAD. Early interventions for families with ADHD and psychiatric comorbidities may work as effective preventive strategies against such events.
PMID: 27492359 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews)
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - August 7, 2016 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
The impact of marijuana use on memory in HIV-infected patients: a comprehensive review of the HIV and marijuana literatures.
CONCLUSION: A compensatory hypothesis, based on the cognitive aging literature, is proposed to provide a framework to explore the interaction between marijuana and HIV. There is some evidence that individuals infected with HIV recruit additional brain regions during memory tasks to compensate for HIV-related declines in neurocognitive functioning. Marijuana use causes impairment in similar brain systems, and thus it is hypothesized that the added neural strain of marijuana can exhaust neural resources, resulting in pronounced memory impairment. It will be important to test this hypothesis empirically, and future research p...
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - May 5, 2016 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
Psychosocial Predictors of Relapse Among Patients with Alcohol Problems.
CONCLUSION: Stress and socio-demographic characteristic are significant factors to be considered while planning for alcohol relapse prevention.
PMID: 27021146 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews)
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - March 31, 2016 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
Pain and Opioid Addiction: A Systematic Review and Evaluation of Pain Measurement in Patients with Opioid Dependence on Methadone Maintenance Treatment.
DISCUSSION: The field of addiction medicine is at a lack of consensus as to the real effect of chronic pain on treatment response among opioid dependent patients. Whether it be the lack of a single "gold standard" measurement of response, or a lack of consistent measurement of pain, it is difficult to summarize and compare the results of these relatively small investigations. In comparison to the BPI, use of the simple self-reported pain has lower sensitivity for identifying patients with pain, suggesting the inconsistencies in these studies may result from differences in pain measurement. Future validation studies of pain...
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - March 31, 2016 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
Laterality of Brain Activation for Risk Factors of Addiction.
CONCLUSIONS: Brain activation studies demonstrate different left/right hemispheric contributions for impulsivity versus craving-factors related to addiction. Failure to take laterality into consideration is a missed opportunity in designing studies and gaining insight into the etiology of drug abuse and pathways for treatment.
PMID: 26674074 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews)
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - December 20, 2015 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
Social Inequality and Substance Use and Problematic Gambling among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Review of Epidemiological Surveys in Germany.
Authors: Henkel D, Zemlin U
Abstract
The current review provides an overview of socioepidemiological research in Germany about the prevalence of addictive behaviours (smoking, binge and hazardous drinking, consumption of cannabis and other illegal drugs, the non-medical use of prescription drugs and problematic gambling) among adolescents (11-17 years) and young adults (18-25 years), also differentiating between different socioeconomic status (SES) indicators (attended school type, family affluence, parental occupational status, parental SES, employment status) and migration background. The authors evaluat...
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - December 11, 2015 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research
