Positive Correlation between Matrix Metalloproteinases and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and its Association with Clinical Outcome in Bladder Cancer Patients
AbstractInvolvement of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the pathogenesis of urothelial carcinoma elects them to be sensitive marker for clinical and prognostic implications. MMPs regulate tumor growth and invasion by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) which is characterized by the complex reprogramming of epithelial cells and ultimately bring about major changes in the structural organization of bladder urothelium. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the clinical relevance of MMPs in two distinct types of bladder cancer disease. Expression analysis of MMPs namely MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9 and EM...
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - June 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Role of the Nervous System in Tumor Angiogenesis
AbstractThe development of cancer involves an intricate process, wherein many identified and unidentified factors play a role. Tumor angiogenesis, growth of new blood vessels, is one of the major prerequisites for tumor growth as tumor cells rely on adequate oxygen and nutrient supply as well as the removal of waste products. Growth factors including VEGF orchestrate the development of angiogenesis. In addition, nervous system via the release of neurotransmitters contributes to tumor angiogenesis. The nervous system governs functional activities of many organs, and, as tumors are not independent organs within an organism, ...
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - June 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Exosomes: Definition, Role in Tumor Development and Clinical Implications
AbstractExosomes are microvesicles released by cells in both physiological and pathological situations. They are surrounded by a lipid bilayer with proteins derived from the origin cell, and contain a variety of molecules, such as nucleic acids. They represent an emerging mechanism of intercellular communication, and they play an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer, stimulating proliferation and aggressiveness of cancer cells, inducing a microenvironment favorable to tumor development and controlling immune responses. Because of the growing understanding of the potential implications of extracellular vesicles in t...
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - June 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Immunogenomics: A Negative Prostate Cancer Outcome Associated with TcR- γ/δ Recombinations
AbstractWe developed a scripted algorithm, based on previous, earlier editions of the algorithm, to mine prostate cancer exome files for T-cell receptor (TcR) recombination reads: Reads representing TcR gene recombinations were identified in 497 prostate cancer exome files from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA). As has been reported for melanoma, co-detection of productive TcR- α and TcR-β recombination reads correlated with an RNA expression signature representing T-cell exhaustion, particularly with high RNA levels for PD-1 and PD-L1, in comparison to several different control sets of samples. Co-detection of TcR-α and T...
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - June 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Matrix Metalloproteinase 8: Could it Benefit the CAR-T Cell Therapy of Solid Tumors?- a- Commentary on Therapeutic Potential
(Source: Cancer Microenvironment)
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - June 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Recovery of Immunoglobulin VJ Recombinations from Pancreatic Cancer Exome Files Strongly Correlates with Reduced Survival
AbstractWe assessed pancreatic cancer, lymphocyte infiltrates with a computational genomics approach. We took advantage of tumor-specimen exome files available from the cancer genome atlas to mine T- and B-cell immune receptor recombinations, using highly efficient, scripted algorithms established in several previous reports. Surprisingly, the results indicated that pancreatic cancer exomes represent one of the highest level yields for immune receptor recombinations, significantly higher than two comparison cancers used in this study, head and neck and bladder cancer. In particular, pancreatic cancer exomes have very large...
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - June 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Three-Dimensional Cellular Arrangement in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines TOV-21G and SKOV-3 is Associated with Apoptosis-Related miRNA Expression Modulation
AbstractEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, and the lack of chemoresistance biomarkers contributes to the poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSC) have been investigated in EOC to understand its relationship with chemoresistance and recurrence. In this context, in vitro cultivation-models are important tools for CSC studies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in cancer, CSC regulation and apoptosis. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the tumorsphere model as CSC-enrichment method in EOC studies and investigate apoptosis-related miRNAs in tumorspheres-derived EOC cell lines. TOV-21G and...
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - June 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
8th International conference on Tumor Microenvironment, Lisbon, Portugal June 10-14, 2018
(Source: Cancer Microenvironment)
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - May 19, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Exosomes: Definition, Role in Tumor Development and Clinical Implications
AbstractExosomes are microvesicles released by cells in both physiological and pathological situations. They are surrounded by a lipid bilayer with proteins derived from the origin cell, and contain a variety of molecules, such as nucleic acids. They represent an emerging mechanism of intercellular communication, and they play an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer, stimulating proliferation and aggressiveness of cancer cells, inducing a microenvironment favorable to tumor development and controlling immune responses. Because of the growing understanding of the potential implications of extracellular vesicles in t...
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - May 3, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The Influence of Breast Tumour-Derived Factors and Wnt Antagonism on the Transformation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Tumour-Associated Fibroblasts
In this study, using tumour conditioned medium (TCM) derived from breast tumour cell lines – MCF7 and MDA MB 231, we have demonstrated the differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) into tumour-associated fibroblasts (TAFs). Since the Wnt signalling pathway is a key signalling pathway driving breast tumour growth, the effect of the Wnt antagonist secreted frizzled -related protein 4 (sFRP4) was also examined. The response of ADSCs to TCM and sFRP4 treatments was determined by using cell viability assay to determine the changes in ADSC viability, immunofluorescence for mesenchymal markers, glucose u...
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - April 10, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Peripheral Blood Cell Interactions of Cancer-Derived Exosomes Affect Immune Function
AbstractCancer-derived exosomes are constitutively produced and secreted into the blood and biofluids of their host patients providing a liquid biopsy for early detection and diagnosis. Given their ubiquitous nature, cancer exosomes influence biological mechanisms that are beneficial to the tumor cells where they are produced and the microenvironment in which these tumors exist. Accumulating evidence suggests that exosomes transport proteins, lipids, DNA, mRNA, miRNA and long non coding RNA (lncRNA) for the purpose of cell-cell and cell-extracellular communication. These exosomes consistently reflect the status as well as ...
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - March 30, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Matrix Metalloproteinase 8: Could it Benefit the CAR-T Cell Therapy of Solid Tumors?- a- Commentary on Therapeutic Potential
(Source: Cancer Microenvironment)
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - March 27, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Role of the Nervous System in Tumor Angiogenesis
AbstractThe development of cancer involves an intricate process, wherein many identified and unidentified factors play a role. Tumor angiogenesis, growth of new blood vessels, is one of the major prerequisites for tumor growth as tumor cells rely on adequate oxygen and nutrient supply as well as the removal of waste products. Growth factors including VEGF orchestrate the development of angiogenesis. In addition, nervous system via the release of neurotransmitters contributes to tumor angiogenesis. The nervous system governs functional activities of many organs, and, as tumors are not independent organs within an organism, ...
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - March 4, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Extracellular ATP is Differentially Metabolized on Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells Surface in Comparison to Normal Cells
AbstractThe incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer has been increasing. Nevertheless, its molecular mechanisms are not well understood. In recent years, extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides have emerged as important modulators of tumor microenvironment. Extracellular ATP is mainly hydrolyzed by NTPDase1/CD39 and NTPDase2/CD39L1, generating AMP, which is hydrolyzed by ecto-5 ′-nucleotidase (CD73) to adenosine, a possible promoter of tumor growth and metastasis. There are no studies evaluating the expression and functionality of these ectonucleotidases on normal or tumor-derived thyroid cells. Thus, we investigate...
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - February 17, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
