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Autism Research,Volume 11, Issue 2, Page 318-330, February 2018. (Source: Autism Research)
Source: Autism Research - November 17, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: Autism Research)
Source: Autism Research - November 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
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Autism Research,Volume 11, Issue 2, Page 305-317, February 2018. (Source: Autism Research)
Source: Autism Research - November 10, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Loss of skills and onset patterns in neurodevelopmental disorders: Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms
Patterns of onset in Autism Spectrum Disorder, including a pattern that includes loss of previously acquired skills, have been identified since the first reports of the disorder. However, attempts to study such “regression” have been limited to clinical studies, that until recently mostly involved retrospective reports. The current report reflects discussion that occurred at an NIMH convened meeting in 2016 with the purpose of bridging clinical autism research with basic and translational work in this area. This summary describes the state of the field with respect to clinical studies, describing gaps in knowledge base...
Source: Autism Research - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Audrey Thurm, Elizabeth M. Powell, Jeffrey L. Neul, Ann Wagner, Lonnie Zwaigenbaum Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Behavior profiles of children with autism spectrum disorder in kindergarten: Comparison with other developmental disabilities and typically developing children
Monitoring behavior patterns that may be specific to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at a population level has the potential to improve the allocation of intervention strategies and reduction of the burden of the disease. In Ontario, Canada, developmental data are regularly collected for all kindergarten children with the Early Development Instrument (EDI), a teacher‐completed questionnaire that provides information on children's status in five domains: physical, social, emotional, language/cognitive, and communication/general knowledge. Our main research questions are: (a) are there differences in kindergarten EDI domain...
Source: Autism Research - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Magdalena Janus, Emma Mauti, Matt Horner, Eric Duku, Ayesha Siddiqua, Scott Davies Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Error ‐related brain activity and anxiety symptoms in youth with autism spectrum disorder
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience symptoms associated with generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive‐compulsive disorder, and social anxiety disorder. In other populations, these same symptoms are associated with a larger error‐related negativity (ERN), an event‐related potential that reflects endogenous threat sensitivity. As such, it is possible that the ERN may relate to the clinical presentation of anxiety in ASD. However, studies examining these associations in youth with ASD have yielded mixed results. The present study aimed to clarify this relationship by examining the ERN in rela...
Source: Autism Research - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tamara E. Rosen, Matthew D. Lerner Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Implementing and evaluating early intervention for children with autism: Where are the gaps and what should we do?
Despite recent advances, the evidence base supporting early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains relatively sparse. The International Society for Autism Research (INSAR) recently sponsored a Special Interest Group (SIG) on Implementing and Evaluating Community‐Based Early Intervention. Across three meetings, in 2015, 2016, and 2017, conveners of this SIG engaged >200 members to identify knowledge gaps and research priorities for moving the field forward. Here, we summarize the perspectives that emerged from group discussion at the SIG meetings as represented by scholars working a...
Source: Autism Research - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Giacomo Vivanti, Connie Kasari, Jonathan Green, David Mandell, Melissa Maye, Kristelle Hudry Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Sleep patterns predictive of daytime challenging behavior in individuals with low ‐functioning autism
Increased severity of problematic daytime behavior has been associated with poorer sleep quality in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. In this work, we investigate whether this relationship holds in a real‐time setting, such that an individual's prior sleep can be used to predict their subsequent daytime behavior. We analyzed an extensive real‐world dataset containing over 20,000 nightly sleep observations matched to subsequent challenging daytime behaviors (aggression, self‐injury, tantrums, property destruction and a challenging behavior index) across 67 individuals with low‐functioning autism living in t...
Source: Autism Research - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Simonne Cohen, Ben D. Fulcher, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Russell Conduit, Jason P. Sullivan, Melissa A. St Hilaire, Andrew J. K. Phillips, Tobias Loddenkemper, Sanjeev V. Kothare, Kelly McConnell, Paula Braga ‐Kenyon, William Ahearn, Andrew Shlesinger, Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
The adenosine A2A receptor agonist, CGS 21680, attenuates a probabilistic reversal learning deficit and elevated grooming behavior in BTBR mice
Restricted interests and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are a defining feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To date there are limited options for treating this core symptomology. Treatments that stimulate adenosine A2A receptors may represent a promising approach for reducing RRBs in ASD. This is because A2A receptors are expressed on striatal neurons of the basal ganglia indirect pathway. Under activation of this pathway has been associated with RRBs while activation of A2A receptors leads to increased activity of the indirect basal ganglia pathway. The present studies investigated whether acute, systemic treatment wit...
Source: Autism Research - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Dionisio A. Amodeo, Laura Cuevas, Jeffrey T. Dunn, John A. Sweeney, Michael E. Ragozzino Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Autism spectrum disorder and birth spacing: Findings from the study to explore early development (SEED)
Previous studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and birth spacing had limitations; few examined phenotypic case subtypes or explored underlying mechanisms for associations and none assessed whether other (non‐ASD) developmental disabilities (DDs) were associated with birth spacing. We assessed associations between inter‐pregnancy interval (IPI) and both ASD and other DDs using data from the Study to Explore Early Development, a multi‐site case‐control study with rigorous case‐finding and case‐classification methods and detailed data collection on maternal reproductive history. Our sample included 356 ASD cas...
Source: Autism Research - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Laura A. Schieve, Lin H. Tian, Carolyn Drews ‐Botsch, Gayle C. Windham, Craig Newschaffer, Julie L. Daniels, Li‐Ching Lee, Lisa A. Croen, M. Danielle Fallin Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
The Self ‐Reference Effect on Perception: Undiminished in Adults with Autism and No Relation to Autism Traits
Memory for (and perception of) information about the self is superior to memory for (and perception of) other kinds of information. This self‐reference effect (SRE) in memory appears diminished in ASD and related to the number of ASD traits manifested by neurotypical individuals (fewer traits = larger SRE). Here, we report the first experiments exploring the relation between ASD and the SRE in perception. Using a “Shapes” Task (Sui et al., Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 38, 1105, 2012), participants learned to associate three different shapes (triangle, circle, square) with ...
Source: Autism Research - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: David M. Williams, Toby Nicholson, Catherine Grainger Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Modulating attentional biases of adults with autistic traits using transcranial direct current stimulation: A pilot study
In this study, we combine an attentional task that reflects relative hemispheric activation with non‐invasive cortical stimulation, and show that attentional differences between healthy individuals with low and high levels of autistic‐like traits can be reduced. This outcome is encouraging, and suggests that other aspects of attention in autism (e.g., face processing) may stand to benefit from similar stimulation techniques. (Source: Autism Research)
Source: Autism Research - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Michael C. W. English, Emma S. Kitching, Murray T. Maybery, Troy A. W. Visser Tags: Short Report Source Type: research
Early executive dysfunction in ASD: Simple versus complex skills
Despite the strong evidence of executive function (EF) impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), findings in the preschool period have been inconsistent. Whereas some research has supported an early deficit, many studies have not found early differences in EF. The present study assessed simple and complex components of three EF abilities: working memory, inhibition, and shifting, using a novel battery, the Preschool EF Battery (PEFB; Garon, Smith & Bryson, Child Neuropsychology, 20, 713–736, 2014). Previous research has indicated that the PEFB is sensitive to age differences in typically developing (TD) children ...
Source: Autism Research - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Nancy Garon, Isabel M. Smith, Susan E. Bryson Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
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Autism Research,Volume 11, Issue 2, Page 364-375, February 2018. (Source: Autism Research)
Source: Autism Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
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Autism Research,Volume 11, Issue 2, Page 355-363, February 2018. (Source: Autism Research)
Source: Autism Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
