Stop that podocyte!
(Source: AJP: Renal Physiology)
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 7, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Gupta, V., Reiser, J. Tags: EDITORIAL FOCUS Source Type: research
Nicotinamide ameliorates a preeclampsia-like condition in mice with reduced uterine perfusion pressure
In conclusion, Nam alleviates the PE-like phenotype and FGR in the murine RUPP model. Nam could help treat maternal hypertension and FGR in human PE. (Source: AJP: Renal Physiology)
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 7, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Fushima, T., Sekimoto, A., Oe, Y., Sato, E., Ito, S., Sato, H., Takahashi, N. Tags: RAPID REPORT Source Type: research
Kidney-specific genetic deletion of both AMPK {alpha}-subunits causes salt and water wasting
AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) controls cell energy homeostasis by modulating ATP synthesis and expenditure. In vitro studies have suggested AMPK may also control key elements of renal epithelial electrolyte transport but in vivo physiological confirmation is still insufficient. We studied sodium renal handling and extracellular volume regulation in mice with genetic deletion of AMPK catalytic subunits. AMPKα1 knockout (KO) mice exhibit normal renal sodium handling and a moderate antidiuretic state. This is accompanied by higher urinary aldosterone excretion rates and reduced blood pressure. Plasma volume, however, was ...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 7, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lazo-Fernandez, Y., Baile, G., Meade, P., Torcal, P., Martinez, L., Ibanez, C., Bernal, M. L., Viollet, B., Gimenez, I. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Temporal deletion of Aqp11 in mice is linked to the severity of cyst-like disease
This study examined 1) whether postnatal deletion of Aqp11 affects PT injury and cyst formation, 2) the temporal role of Aqp11 deletion on cyst development, and 3) the nature of apparent cysts. Tamoxifen-inducible Aqp11–/– mice were generated (Ti-Aqp11–/–). Deletion of Aqp11 at postnatal days (P) P2, P4, P6, P8, and P12 was investigated. Deranged renal development, especially in kidney cortex, PT cell vacuolization, and apparent tubular cysts developed only in mice where Aqp11 gene disruption was induced until P8. Aqp11 gene deletion from P12 onward did not result in a clear deficiency in renal deve...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 7, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Rützler, M., Rojek, A., Damgaard, M. V., Andreasen, A., Fenton, R. A., Nielsen, S. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Delayed treatment with fenofibrate protects against high-fat diet-induced kidney injury in mice: the possible role of AMPK autophagy
Fenofibrate activates not only peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) but also adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK-mediated cellular responses protect kidney from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced injury, and autophagy resulting from AMPK activation has been regarded as a stress-response mechanism. Thus the present study examined the role of AMPK and autophagy in the renotherapeutic effects of fenofibrate. C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: normal diet (ND), HFD, and HFD + fenofibrate (HFD + FF). Fenofibrate was administered 4 wk after the initiation of the HFD when ...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 7, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Sohn, M., Kim, K., Uddin, M. J., Lee, G., Hwang, I., Kang, H., Kim, H., Lee, J. H., Ha, H. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Corrigendum
(Source: AJP: Renal Physiology)
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: CORRIGENDA Source Type: research
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(Source: AJP: Renal Physiology)
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: CORRIGENDA Source Type: research
DBA2J db/db mice are susceptible to early albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis that correlate with systemic insulin resistance
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of kidney failure in the world. To understand important mechanisms underlying this condition, and to develop new therapies, good animal models are required. In mouse models of type 1 diabetes, the DBA/2J strain has been shown to be more susceptible to develop kidney disease than other common strains. We hypothesized this would also be the case in type 2 diabetes. We studied db/db and wild-type (wt) DBA/2J mice and compared these with the db/db BLKS/J mouse, which is currently the most widely used type 2 DN model. Mice were analyzed from age 6 to 12 wk for systemic insulin resi...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Ostergaard, M. V., Pinto, V., Stevenson, K., Worm, J., Fink, L. N., Coward, R. J. M. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Long- but not short-term estradiol treatment induces renal damage in midlife ovariectomized Long-Evans rats
In conclusion, long-term E2 lowered blood pressure but exerted detrimental effects on kidney health in midlife OVX Long-Evans rats, whereas short-term E2 lowered blood pressure and reduced renal damage. These findings highlight that the duration of hormone therapy may be an important factor for renal health in aging postmenopausal women. (Source: AJP: Renal Physiology)
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Zimmerman, M. A., Hutson, D. D., Trimmer, E. H., Kashyap, S. N., Duong, J. L., Murphy, B., Grissom, E. M., Daniel, J. M., Lindsey, S. H. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Involvement of infiltrating macrophage-derived activin A in the progression of renal damage in MRL-lpr mice
In this study, we examined the involvement of activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily, in the progression of renal damage in lupus-prone MRL-lpr mice. Activin A was not expressed in the kidneys of control MRL-MpJ mice but was detectable in perivascular infiltrating cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68)-positive cells in the kidneys of MRL-lpr mice. Urinary activin A, which was also absent in MRL-MpJ mice, was detectable in MRL-lpr mice from 16 wk onward. Urinary activin A levels were significantly correlated with the number of perivascular inflammatory cell layers, the number of...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kadiombo, A. T., Maeshima, A., Kayakabe, K., Ikeuchi, H., Sakairi, T., Kaneko, Y., Hiromura, K., Nojima, Y. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2: differential expression and secretion in human kidney tubule cells
We have characterized the expression and secretion of the acute kidney injury (AKI) biomarkers insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) in human kidney epithelial cells in primary cell culture and tissue. We established cell culture model systems of primary kidney cells of proximal and distal tubule origin and observed that both proteins are indeed expressed and secreted in both tubule cell types in vitro. However, TIMP-2 is both expressed and secreted preferentially by cells of distal tubule origin, while IGFBP7 is equally expressed across tubule cell type...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Emlet, D. R., Pastor-Soler, N., Marciszyn, A., Wen, X., Gomez, H., Humphries, W. H., Morrisroe, S., Volpe, J. K., Kellum, J. A. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Cellular transport of L-arginine determines renal medullary blood flow in control rats, but not in diabetic rats despite enhanced cellular uptake capacity
In conclusion, the reduced l-arginine availability in plasma and medullary tissue in diabetes results in reduced nitric oxide-mediated regulation of renal medullary hemodynamics. Cortical blood flow regulation displays less dependency on extracellular l-arginine and the upregulated cortical tissue l-arginine may protect cortical hemodynamics in diabetes. (Source: AJP: Renal Physiology)
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Persson, P., Fasching, A., Teerlink, T., Hansell, P., Palm, F. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Hitching a ride to renal repair
(Source: AJP: Renal Physiology)
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Eirin, A. Tags: EDITORIAL FOCUS Source Type: research
Vascular endothelium in diabetes
Three decades ago a revolutionary idea was born that ascribed to dysfunctional endothelia some manifestations of diabetes, the Steno hypothesis, so named after the Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, in Denmark. Here I briefly outline the accomplishments accrued in the past 15 years to buttress this hypothesis. Those include development of novel technological platforms to examine microcirculatory beds, deeper understanding of patterns of microvascular derangement in diabetes, pathophysiology of nitric oxide synthesis and availability, nitrosative and oxidative stress in diabetes, premature senescence of endothelial cells and ...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Goligorsky, M. S. Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
The critical role of Krüppel-like factors in kidney disease
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of zinc-finger transcription factors critical to mammalian embryonic development, regeneration, and human disease. There is emerging evidence that KLFs play a vital role in key physiological processes in the kidney, ranging from maintenance of glomerular filtration barrier to tubulointerstitial inflammation to progression of kidney fibrosis. Seventeen members of the KLF family have been identified, and several have been well characterized in the kidney. Although they may share some overlap in their downstream targets, their structure and function remain distinct. This review...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - February 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Mallipattu, S. K., Estrada, C. C., He, J. C. Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
