Smurf2 regulates stability and the autophagic –lysosomal turnover of lamin A and its disease‐associated form progerin
Summary
A‐lamins, encoded by the LMNA gene, are major structural components of the nuclear lamina coordinating essential cellular processes. Mutations in the LMNA gene and/or alterations in its expression levels have been linked to a distinct subset of human disorders, collectively known as laminopathies, and to cancer. Mechanisms regulating A‐lamins are mostly obscure. Here, we identified E3 ubiquitin ligase Smurf2 as a physiological regulator of lamin A and its disease‐associated mutant form progerin (LAΔ50), whose expression underlies the development of Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a devastating...
Source: Aging Cell - February 5, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Aurora Paola Borroni, Andrea Emanuelli, Pooja Anil Shah, Nata ša Ilić, Liat Apel‐Sarid, Biagio Paolini, Dhanoop Manikoth Ayyathan, Praveen Koganti, Gal Levy‐Cohen, Michael Blank Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
α‐Motor neurons are spared from aging while their synaptic inputs degenerate in monkeys and mice
Aging Cell,Volume 17, Issue 2, April 2018. (Source: Aging Cell)
Source: Aging Cell - February 4, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Aging affects the in vivo regenerative potential of human mesoangioblasts
Aging Cell,Volume 17, Issue 2, April 2018. (Source: Aging Cell)
Source: Aging Cell - February 4, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
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Aging Cell,Volume 17, Issue 2, April 2018. (Source: Aging Cell)
Source: Aging Cell - February 4, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
α‐Motor neurons are spared from aging while their synaptic inputs degenerate in monkeys and mice
In this study, we examined the soma of α‐motor neurons and innervating synaptic inputs in the spinal cord of aged rhesus monkeys and mice, two species with vastly different lifespans. We found that, in both species, α‐motor neurons retain their soma size despite an accumulation of large amounts of cellular waste or lipofuscin. Interestingly, the lipofuscin profile varied considerably, indicating that α‐motor neurons age at different rates. Although the rate of aging varies, α‐motor neurons do not atrophy in old age. In fact, there is no difference in the number of motor axons populating ventral roots in old mic...
Source: Aging Cell - February 4, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Nicholas Maxwell, Ryan W. Castro, Natalia M. Sutherland, Kelli L. Vaughan, Mark D. Szarowicz, Rafael Cabo, Julie A. Mattison, Gregorio Valdez Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Emerging roles of extracellular vesicles in cellular senescence and aging
Aging Cell,Volume 17, Issue 2, April 2018. (Source: Aging Cell)
Source: Aging Cell - February 1, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
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Aging Cell,Volume 17, Issue 2, April 2018. (Source: Aging Cell)
Source: Aging Cell - February 1, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Properties of the vastus lateralis muscle in relation to age and physiological function in master cyclists aged 55 –79 years
In this study, results are reported from the analyses of vastus lateralis muscle biopsy samples obtained from a subset (n = 90) of 125 previously phenotyped, highly active male and female cyclists aged 55–79 years in regard to age. We then subsequently attempted to uncover associations between the findings in muscle and in vivo physiological functions. Muscle fibre type and composition (ATPase histochemistry), size (morphometry), capillary density (immunohistochemistry) and mitochondrial protein content (Western blot) in relation to age were determined in the biopsy specimens. Aside from an age‐related change in ca...
Source: Aging Cell - February 1, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Ross D. Pollock, Katie A. O'Brien, Lorna J. Daniels, Kathrine B. Nielsen, Anthea Rowlerson, Niharika A. Duggal, Norman R. Lazarus, Janet M. Lord, Andrew Philp, Stephen D. R. Harridge Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
NHR ‐49/HNF4 integrates regulation of fatty acid metabolism with a protective transcriptional response to oxidative stress and fasting
Summary
Endogenous and exogenous stresses elicit transcriptional responses that limit damage and promote cell/organismal survival. Like its mammalian counterparts, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4) and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPARα), Caenorhabditis elegans NHR‐49 is a well‐established regulator of lipid metabolism. Here, we reveal that NHR‐49 is essential to activate a transcriptional response common to organic peroxide and fasting, which includes the pro‐longevity gene fmo‐2/flavin‐containing monooxygenase. These NHR‐49‐dependent, stress‐responsive genes are also upregulated in...
Source: Aging Cell - February 1, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Grace Y. S. Goh, Johnathan J. Winter, Forum Bhanshali, Kelsie R. S. Doering, Regina Lai, Kayoung Lee, Elizabeth A. Veal, Stefan Taubert Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Distinct chromatin signatures of DNA hypomethylation in aging and cancer
Summary
Cancer is an aging‐associated disease, but the underlying molecular links between these processes are still largely unknown. Gene promoters that become hypermethylated in aging and cancer share a common chromatin signature in ES cells. In addition, there is also global DNA hypomethylation in both processes. However, the similarity of the regions where this loss of DNA methylation occurs is currently not well characterized, and it is unknown if such regions also share a common chromatin signature in aging and cancer. To address this issue, we analyzed TCGA DNA methylation data from a total of 2,311 samples, includ...
Source: Aging Cell - February 1, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Ra úl F. Pérez, Juan Ramón Tejedor, Gustavo F. Bayón, Agustín F. Fernández, Mario F. Fraga Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Sex ‐specific regulation of aging in Caenorhabditis elegans
Summary
A fascinating aspect of sexual dimorphism in various animal species is that the two sexes differ substantially in lifespan. In humans, for example, women's life expectancy exceeds that of men by 3–7 years. Whether this trait can be attributed to dissimilar lifestyles or genetic (regulatory) factors remains to be elucidated. Herein, we demonstrate that in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the significantly longer lifespan of hermaphrodites—which are essentially females capable of sperm production—over males is established by TRA‐1, the terminal effector of the sex‐determination pathway. This transcript...
Source: Aging Cell - February 1, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Bernadette Hotzi, M ónika Kosztelnik, Balázs Hargitai, Krisztina Takács‐Vellai, János Barna, Kincső Bördén, András Málnási‐Csizmadia, Mónika Lippai, Csaba Ortutay, Caroline Bacquet, Angela Pasparaki, Tamás Arányi, Nektarios Tavernarakis, Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Resilience to aging in the regeneration ‐capable flatworm Macrostomum lignano
Summary
Animals show a large variability of lifespan, ranging from short‐lived as Caenorhabditis elegans to immortal as Hydra. A fascinating case is flatworms, in which reversal of aging by regeneration is proposed, yet conclusive evidence for this rejuvenation‐by‐regeneration hypothesis is lacking. We tested this hypothesis by inducing regeneration in the sexual free‐living flatworm Macrostomum lignano. We studied survival, fertility, morphology, and gene expression as a function of age. Here, we report that after regeneration, genes expressed in the germline are upregulated at all ages, but no signs of rejuvenati...
Source: Aging Cell - February 1, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Stijn Mouton, Magda Grudniewska, Lisa Glazenburg, Victor Guryev, Eugene Berezikov Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Local delivery of tetramethylpyrazine eliminates the senescent phenotype of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells and creates an anti ‐inflammatory and angiogenic environment in aging mice
In this study, we performed local delivery of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) in bone marrow of aging mice, which previously showed to be used for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis (GIOP). We found the increased accumulation of senescent LepR+ MSPCs in bone marrow of aging mice, and TMP significantly inhibited the cell senescent phenotype via modulating Ezh2‐H3k27me3. Most importantly, local delivery of TMP improved bone marrow microenvironment and maintained bone homeostasis in aging mice by increasing metabolic and anti‐inflammatory responses, inducing H‐type vessel formation, and main...
Source: Aging Cell - February 1, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Bo Gao, Xisheng Lin, Huan Jing, Jing Fan, Chenchen Ji, Qiang Jie, Chao Zheng, Di Wang, Xiaolong Xu, Yaqian Hu, Weiguang Lu, Zhuojing Luo, Liu Yang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
