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Chapter Four Why Neighborhoods (and How We Study Them) Matter for Adolescent Development
Publication date: 2017 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 52 Author(s): T.D. Warner, R.A. Settersten Adolescence is a sensitive developmental period marked by significant changes that unfold across multiple contexts. As a central context of development, neighborhoods capture—in both physical and social space—the stratification of life chances and differential distribution of resources and risks. For some youth, neighborhoods are springboards to opportunities; for others, they are snares that constrain progress and limit the ability to avoid risks. Despite abundant research on “neighborhood ...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - February 16, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Chapter Three Mental Objects in Working Memory
Publication date: 2017 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 52 Author(s): N. Cowan Working memory is the small amount of information that we hold in mind and use to carry out cognitive processes such as language comprehension and production, problem solving, and decision making. In order to understand cognitive development, it would be helpful to know whether working memory increases in capacity with development and, if so, how and why. I will focus on two major stumbling blocks toward understanding working memory development, namely that (1) many potentially relevant aspects of the mind change in p...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - February 16, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Chapter Two Applications of Dynamic Systems Theory to Cognition and Development
Publication date: 2017 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 52 Author(s): S. Perone, V.R. Simmering A central goal in developmental science is to explain the emergence of new behavioral forms. Researchers consider potential sources of behavioral change depending partly on their theoretical perspective. This chapter reviews one perspective, dynamic systems theory, which emphasizes the interactions among multiple components to drive behavior and developmental change. To illustrate the central concepts of dynamic systems theory, we describe empirical and computational studies from a range of domains, ...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - February 16, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Chapter One How Does Experience Shape Early Development? Considering the Role of Top-Down Mechanisms
Publication date: 2017 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 52 Author(s): L.L. Emberson Perceptual development requires infants to adapt their perceptual systems to the structures and statistical information of their environment. In this way, perceptual development is not only important in its own right, but is a case study for behavioral and neural plasticity—powerful mechanisms that have the potential to support developmental change in numerous domains starting early in life. While it is widely assumed that perceptual development is a bottom-up process, where simple exposure to sensory input mod...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - February 16, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

The Development of Tactile Perception
Publication date: Available online 9 February 2017 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior Author(s): A.J. Bremner, C. Spence Touch is the first of our senses to develop, providing us with the sensory scaffold on which we come to perceive our own bodies and our sense of self. Touch also provides us with direct access to the external world of physical objects, via haptic exploration. Furthermore, a recent area of interest in tactile research across studies of developing children and adults is its social function, mediating interpersonal bonding. Although there are a range of demonstrations of early competence ...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - February 9, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

How Does Experience Shape Early Development? Considering the Role of Top-Down Mechanisms
Publication date: Available online 7 February 2017 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior Author(s): L.L. Emberson Perceptual development requires infants to adapt their perceptual systems to the structures and statistical information of their environment. In this way, perceptual development is not only important in its own right, but is a case study for behavioral and neural plasticity—powerful mechanisms that have the potential to support developmental change in numerous domains starting early in life. While it is widely assumed that perceptual development is a bottom-up process, where simple exposure to ...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - February 7, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Applications of Dynamic System Theory to Cognition and Development: New Frontiers
Publication date: Available online 30 January 2017 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior Author(s): S. Perone, V.R. Simmering A central goal in developmental science is to explain the emergence of new behavioral forms. Researchers consider potential sources of behavioral change depending partly on their theoretical perspective. This chapter reviews one perspective, dynamic systems theory, which emphasizes the interactions among multiple components to drive behavior and developmental change. To illustrate the central concepts of dynamic systems theory, we describe empirical and computational studies from a r...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - January 30, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Mental Objects in Working Memory: Development of Basic Capacity or of Cognitive Completion?
Publication date: Available online 3 January 2017 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior Author(s): N. Cowan Working memory is the small amount of information that we hold in mind and use to carry out cognitive processes such as language comprehension and production, problem solving, and decision making. In order to understand cognitive development, it would be helpful to know whether working memory increases in capacity with development and, if so, how and why. I will focus on two major stumbling blocks toward understanding working memory development, namely that (1) many potentially relevant aspects of the ...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - January 3, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Why Neighborhoods (and How We Study Them) Matter for Adolescent Development
Publication date: Available online 28 December 2016 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior Author(s): T.D. Warner, R.A. Settersten Adolescence is a sensitive developmental period marked by significant changes that unfold across multiple contexts. As a central context of development, neighborhoods capture—in both physical and social space—the stratification of life chances and differential distribution of resources and risks. For some youth, neighborhoods are springboards to opportunities; for others, they are snares that constrain progress and limit the ability to avoid risks. Despite abundant research o...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - December 27, 2016 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Perspectives on Perspective Taking: How Children Think About the Minds of Others
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2016 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior Author(s): S.A.J. Birch, V. Li, T. Haddock, S.E. Ghrear, P. Brosseau-Liard, A. Baimel, M. Whyte Perspective taking, or “theory of mind,” involves reasoning about the mental states of others (e.g., their intentions, desires, knowledge, beliefs) and is called upon in virtually every aspect of human interaction. Our goals in writing this chapter were to provide an overview of (a) the research questions developmental psychologists ask to shed light on how children think about the inner workings of the mind, and (b...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - December 23, 2016 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

How Children Learn to Navigate the Symbolic World of Pictures: The Importance of the Artist's Mind and Differentiating Picture Modalities
Publication date: Available online 9 December 2016 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior Author(s): M.L. Allen, E. Armitage Pictures offer a unique and essential contribution to our lives, both in terms of aesthetic pleasure and links to symbolic thought. As such, psychologists have devoted significant time to investigating how children acquire an understanding of pictures. This chapter focuses on two particular facets of this development: the role of the artist and the importance of picture modality. First, we review work that has focused on tracking children's ability to (a) map the relationship between t...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - December 9, 2016 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

The Development of Body Image and Weight Bias in Childhood
Publication date: Available online 9 December 2016 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior Author(s): S.J. Paxton, S.R. Damiano Negative body image attitudes are related to the onset of disordered eating, poor self-esteem, general mental health problems, and obesity. In this chapter, we will review the nature of body image attitudes in girls and boys in early (approximately 3–7 years old) and later childhood (approximately 8–11 years old). The body image attitudes explored in this chapter include body image attitudes related to the self, with a focus on body dissatisfaction, and body image attitudes relat...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - December 9, 2016 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Chapter Ten Global Equity and Justice Issues for Young People During the First Three Decades of Life
Publication date: 2016 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 51 Author(s): Anne Petersen, Silvia H. Koller, Frosso Motti-Stefanidi, Suman Verma This chapter takes a global perspective on equity and justice during development from childhood into adulthood. Globally, the population of young people is booming with the most rapid growth among young people in the poorest countries. While already faced with significant issues related to development and thriving, this population boom also exacerbates equity and justice for these children. Given this urgent situation, this chapter builds from the la...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - July 26, 2016 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Chapter Nine And I Shot Her
Publication date: 2016 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 51 Author(s): Cecilia Wainryb, Stacia Bourne War creates a multifaceted web of inequities that encompass most levels of the ecology of youth development. These include psychosocial inequities bearing on war-exposed youth's limited access to medical and educational services and job-training and employment opportunities, as well as some of the unique psychological sequelae of trauma exposure. In this chapter we put forth a twofold argument. First, we argue that the protracted hardships of war also create enduring psychological inequities...
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - July 26, 2016 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Chapter Eight Mixed-Status Immigrant Families in the United States
Publication date: 2016 Source:Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 51 Author(s): Mackenzie D.M. Whipps, Hirokazu Yoshikawa More than 4 million unauthorized parents of legal status children currently reside in the United States (Capps, Fix, & Zong, 2016). Developmental scientists and intervention researchers hoping to work with these mixed-status families face a myriad of challenges, largely generated from the population's policy-driven social exclusion. Despite the challenges, there is a moral imperative to work with and support parents and children currently living in mixed-status households....
Source: Advances in Child Development and Behavior - July 26, 2016 Category: Child Development Source Type: research