Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Laser Desorption Postionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Biological Targets
Laser desorption photoionization mass spectrometry (LDPI-MS) utilizes two separate light sources for desorption and photoionization of species from a solid surface. This technique has been applied to study a wide variety of molecular analytes in biological systems, but is not yet available in commercial instruments. For this reason, a generalized protocol is presented here for the use of LDPI-MS imaging to detect small molecules within intact biological samples. Examples are provided here for LDPI-MS imaging of an antibiotic within a tooth root canal and a metabolite within a coculture bacterial biofilm. (Source: Springer ...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - November 3, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Matrix-Enhanced Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ME-SALDI-MS) for Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Small Molecules
We describe herein a detailed protocol that utilizes a hybrid LDI method, matrix-enhanced SALDI-MS (ME-SALDI MS), to detect and image low MW species in an imaging mode. (Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology)
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - November 3, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Nanoparticle-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization for Metabolite Imaging
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) has enabled the spatial analysis of various molecules, including peptides, nucleic acids, lipids, and drug molecules. To expand the capabilities of MALDI-IMS, we have established an imaging technique using metal nanoparticles (NPs) to visualize metabolites, termed nanoparticle-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (nano-PALDI-IMS). By utilizing Ag-, Fe-, Au-, and TiO2-derived NPs, we have succeeded in visualizing various metabolites, including fatty acid and glycosphingolipids, with higher sensitivity and spatial reso...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - November 3, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Nanostructure-Initiator Mass Spectrometry (NIMS) for Molecular Mapping of Animal Tissues
We describe here a simple step-by-step protocol for substrate fabrication and sample preparation that provides a starting point for the technique to be adapted and optimized for 2-D biological imaging applications. (Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology)
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - November 3, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Nanostructure Imaging Mass Spectrometry: The Role of Fluorocarbons in Metabolite Analysis and Yoctomole Level Sensitivity
Nanostructure imaging mass spectrometry (NIMS) has become an effective technology for generating ions in the gas phase, providing high sensitivity and imaging capabilities for small molecules, metabolites, drugs, and drug metabolites. Specifically, laser desorption from the nanostructure surfaces results in efficient energy transfer, low background chemical noise, and the nondestructive release of analyte ions into the gas phase. The modification of nanostructured surfaces with fluorous compounds, either covalent or non-covalent, has played an important role in gaining high efficiency/sensitivity by facilitating analyte de...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - November 3, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Laser Ablation Sample Transfer for Mass Spectrometry Imaging
Infrared laser ablation sample transfer (IR-LAST) is a novel ambient sampling technique for mass spectrometry. In this technique, a pulsed mid-IR laser is used to ablate materials that are collected for mass spectrometry analysis; the material can be a solid sample or deposited on a sample target. After collection, the sample can be further separated or analyzed directly by mass spectrometry. For IR-LAST sample transfer tissue imaging using MALDI mass spectrometry, a tissue section is placed on a sample slide and material transferred to a target slide by scanning the tissue sample under a focused laser beam using transmiss...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - November 3, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Automated Cell-by-Cell Tissue Imaging and Single-Cell Analysis for Targeted Morphologies by Laser Ablation Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is an emerging technology for the mapping of molecular distributions in tissues. In most of the existing studies, imaging is performed by sampling on a predefined rectangular grid that does not reflect the natural cellular pattern of the tissue. Delivering laser pulses by a sharpened optical fiber in laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI) mass spectrometry (MS) has enabled the direct analysis of single cells and subcellular compartments. Cell-by-cell imaging had been demonstrated using LAESI-MS, where individual cells were manually selected to serve as natural pixels for tissue imagi...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - November 3, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Electrospray Laser Desorption Ionization (ELDI) Mass Spectrometry for Molecular Imaging of Small Molecules on Tissues
The use of an ambient ionization mass spectrometry technique known as electrospray laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (ELDI/MS) for molecular imaging is described in this section. The technique requires little or no sample pretreatment and the application of matrix on sample surfaces is unnecessary. In addition, the technique is highly suitable for the analysis of hard and thick tissues compared to other molecular imaging methods because it does not require production of thin tissue slices via microtomes, which greatly simplifies the overall sample preparation procedure and prevents the redistribution of analyte...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - November 3, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Imaging of Lipids and Metabolites Using Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) is an ambient ionization technique that uses localized liquid extraction for mass spectrometry imaging of molecules on surfaces. Nano-DESI enables imaging of ionizable molecules from a sample in its native state without any special sample pretreatment. In this chapter we describe the protocol for nano-DESI imaging of thin tissue sections. (Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology)
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - November 3, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy (FCCS) in Living Cells
Fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS) is a single-molecule sensitive technique to quantitatively study interactions among fluorescently tagged biomolecules. Besides the initial implementation as dual-color FCCS (DC-FCCS), FCCS has several powerful derivatives, including single-wavelength FCCS (SW-FCCS), two-photon FCCS (TP-FCCS), and pulsed interleaved excitation FCCS (PIE-FCCS). However, to apply FCCS successfully, one needs to be familiar with procedures ranging from fluorescent labeling, instrumentation setup and alignment, sample preparation, and data analysis. Here, we describe the procedures to apply FCC...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - October 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Application of Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) to Measure the Dynamics of Fluorescent Proteins in Living Cells
Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) can add dynamic molecular information to images of live cells. For example, a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) equipped with an accessory FCS unit provides the possibility to first image the spatial distribution of a fluorescent protein before probing its mobility within defined regions of interest. Whereas specific protein–protein interactions are preferably assayed with a dual-color approach, single-color FCS can still provide valuable information about the size of the diffusing entities and potential interactions with other, nonfluorescent, proteins or subcellul...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - October 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Multimodal Fluorescence Imaging Spectroscopy
Multimodal fluorescence imaging is a versatile method that has a wide application range from biological studies to materials science. Typical observables in multimodal fluorescence imaging are intensity, lifetime, excitation, and emission spectra which are recorded at chosen locations at the sample. This chapter describes how to build instrumentation that allows for multimodal fluorescence imaging and explains data analysis procedures for the observables. (Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology)
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - October 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Time-Resolved Fluorescence Anisotropy Imaging
Fluorescence can be characterized by its intensity, position, wavelength, lifetime, and polarization. The more of these features are acquired in a single measurement, the more can be learned about the sample, i.e., the microenvironment of the fluorescence probe. Polarization-resolved fluorescence lifetime imaging—time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy imaging, TR-FAIM—allows mapping of viscosity or binding or of homo-FRET which can indicate dimerization or generally oligomerization. (Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology)
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - October 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Global Analysis of FRET–FLIM Data in Live Plant Cells
This chapter describes the procedure for globally analyzing fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) data for the observation and quantification of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) in live plant cells. The procedure is illustrated by means of a case study, for which plant protoplasts were transfected with different visible fluorescent proteins and subsequently imaged using two-photon excitation FLIM. Spatially resolved fluorescence lifetime images were obtained by application of global analysis using the program Glotaran, which is open-source and freely available software. Using this procedure it is possible to ex...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - October 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
Wide-Field Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging with Multi-anode Detectors
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) has become a powerful and widely used tool to monitor inter- and intramolecular dynamics of fluorophore-labeled proteins inside living cells. (Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology)
Source: Springer protocols feed by Imaging/Radiology - October 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Source Type: news
