Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Oral bisphosphonates and colon cancer: an update
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are widely used as the main treatment for osteoporosis. In vitro and animal studies suggest that use of BPs may have a potential for colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention. Safety and efficacy in terms of osteoporosis prevention have only been evaluated in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of relatively short duration (3–5 years), with smaller extension studies. The evidence for a benefit beyond 5 years is limited and intake of BPs has not shown any relationship with CRC in intervention studies. Observational studies and meta-analysis have shown unchanged or decreased risk of CRC. BPs used for tre...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - July 13, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Eiken, P., Vestergaard, P. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

More than healthy bones: a review of vitamin D in muscle health
Vitamin D has known importance to bone health including calcium and phosphate homeostasis and appears to have a role in skeletal muscle health as well. Cases of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency have been associated with poor muscle health. While the exact effects and mechanism of action remains controversial, current data lean towards insufficient vitamin D playing a role in musculoskeletal pain, sarcopenia, myopathy, falls and indirectly via cerebellar and cognitive dysfunction. Sophisticated experimental techniques have allowed detection of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) on skeletal muscle and cerebellar tissue, whic...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - July 13, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Tanner, S. B., Harwell, S. A. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

B-cell survival factors in autoimmune rheumatic disorders
Autoimmune rheumatic disorders have complex etiopathogenetic mechanisms in which B cells play a central role. The importance of factors stimulating B cells, notably the B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and A proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) axis is now recognized. BAFF and APRIL are cytokines essential for B-cell proliferation and survival from the immature stages to the development of plasma cells. Their levels are increased in some subsets of patients with autoimmune disorders. Several recent biologic drugs have been developed to block this axis, namely belimumab [already licensed for systemic lupus erythematosus (SL...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - July 13, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Morais, S. A., Vilas-Boas, A., Isenberg, D. A. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Belimumab in systemic lupus erythematosus: a perspective review
Belimumab (Benlysta®) is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits B-lymphocyte stimulator (also known as B cell activating factor of the tumor necrosis factor family) and was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Evaluation Agency for treatment of autoantibody-positive systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in adults. This review discusses the key findings of the phase III trials, post hoc analyses, and real-world postmarketing use of belimumab in the routine care of SLE patients. It also highlights the safety profile of belimumab and gives insight into its potential use to t...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - July 13, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Hui-Yuen, J. S., Li, X. Q., Askanase, A. D. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Odanacatib: a review of its potential in the management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
Odanacatib is a cathepsin K inhibitor developed for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. It is a bone resorption inhibitor, but which preserves bone formation to some extent. It can be administered once a week, in tablets also containing vitamin D. In a large clinical development program, it has been shown that odanacatib reduces bone resorption, with a reduction of about 60–70% in biochemical markers of resorption, while bone formation decreases to a lesser magnitude. Odanacatib continuously increases bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip and lumbar spine over 5 years. Once it is stopped, a complete resolut...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - May 8, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Chapurlat, R. D. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Effects of denosumab on bone density, mass and strength in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis
Denosumab is a human monoclonal antibody which specifically blocks receptor activator of nuclear factor B ligand and is a very potent antiresorptive drug. Its efficacy in reducing the risk of vertebral, hip and nonskeletal fracture has been proven in a large prospective, randomized multicenter study of 7808 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis [Fracture Reduction Evaluation of Denosumab in Osteoporosis Every 6 Months (FREEDOM) trial]. Denosumab causes somewhat greater increases in bone mineral density (BMD) than the class of bisphosphonate antiresorptives. Denosumab also causes an increase in bone mass and bone strength ...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - May 8, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Torring, O. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Cartilage regeneration for treatment of osteoarthritis: a paradigm for nonsurgical intervention
Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with articular cartilage abnormalities and affects people of older age: preventative or therapeutic treatment measures for OA and related articular cartilage disorders remain challenging. In this perspective review, we have integrated multiple biological, morphological, developmental, stem cell and homeostasis concepts of articular cartilage to develop a paradigm for cartilage regeneration. OA is conceptually defined as an injury of cartilage that initiates chondrocyte activation, expression of proteases and growth factor release from the matrix. This regenerative process results in the lo...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - May 8, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Tiku, M. L., Sabaawy, H. E. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Efficacy of action potential simulation and interferential therapy in the rehabilitation of patients with knee osteoarthritis
Conclusion: Short-term treatment with both APS and IFT could significantly reduce pain and improve physical function in patients with knee OA. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - May 8, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Eftekharsadat, B., Babaei-Ghazani, A., Habibzadeh, A., Kolahi, B. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Distal biceps reconstruction 13 years post-injury
Distal biceps tendon ruptures are relatively rare injuries most commonly caused by an eccentric contraction of the biceps brachii. The majority of complete ruptures receive early surgical intervention, however, some patients do present in a delayed fashion. There are many surgical options at this time for acute and chronic injuries, and this case report describes an Achilles allograft reconstruction in a male who sustained a complete tear 13 years prior to presentation. At 12-month follow up, he had regained full function of his dominant extremity as evidence by returning to work with no limitations and by a Disabilities o...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - March 11, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Burrus, M. T., Chhabra, A. B. Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Diagnosis and therapeutic options for peripheral vasculitic neuropathy
Vasculitis can affect the peripheral nervous system alone (nonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy) or can be a part of primary or secondary systemic vasculitis. In cases of pre-existing systemic vasculitis, the diagnosis can easily be made, whereas suspected vasculitic neuropathy as initial or only manifestation of vasculitis requires careful clinical, neurophysiological, laboratory and histopathological workout. The typical clinical syndrome is mononeuropathia multiplex or asymmetric neuropathy, but distal-symmetric neuropathy can frequently be seen. Standard treatments include steroids, azathioprine, methotrexate and cyclopho...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - March 11, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Blaes, F. Tags: Review Source Type: research

Therapeutic effects of prolotherapy with intra-articular dextrose injection in patients with moderate knee osteoarthritis: a single-arm study with 6 months follow up
Conclusions: Prolotherapy with three intra-articular injections of hypertonic dextrose given 4 weeks apart for selected patients with knee OA, resulted in significant improvement of validated pain, ROM, and WOMAC-based function scores, when baseline levels were compared at 24 weeks. Further studies with randomized controlled trials involving a comparison group are suggested to confirm these findings. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - March 11, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Eslamian, F., Amouzandeh, B. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Rituximab and its therapeutic potential in catastrophic antiphospolipid syndrome
The catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is characterized by thrombosis in more than three organs or systems developing over a short period of time. Despite conventional treatment with a combination of anticoagulation plus corticosteroids plus plasma exchange, and/or intravenous immunoglobulin, mortality remains high and some patients suffer from recurrent CAPS episodes. In selected patients, new therapies such as rituximab may be a treatment option. In this review, the rationale for using rituximab in CAPS is discussed. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - February 2, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Rodriguez-Pinto, I., Cervera, R., Espinosa, G. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Fragility fracture: recent developments in risk assessment
More than half of older women who sustain a fragility fracture do not have osteoporosis by World Health Organization (WHO) bone mineral density (BMD) criteria; and, while BMD has been used to assess fracture risk for over 30 years, a range of other skeletal and nonskeletal clinical risk factors (CRFs) for fracture have been recognized. More than 30 assessment tools using CRFs have been developed, some predicting fracture risk and others low BMD alone. Recent systematic reviews have reported that many tools have not been validated against fracture incidence, and that the complexity of tools and the number of CRFs included d...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - February 2, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Aspray, T. J. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Inflammatory eye reactions with bisphosphonates and other osteoporosis medications: what are the risks?
Inflammatory eye reactions (IERs) are rare but have been associated with medications to treat osteoporosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the current literature on the association between IERs and specific medications to treat osteoporosis (bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators, strontium, denosumab and teriparatide). We cover the known epidemiology, potential pathogenic mechanisms and a resume of unanswered questions. Briefly, this review highlights that none of the existing randomized clinical trials were powered to identify these rare adverse events, and the majority of the information availab...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - February 2, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Clark, E. M., Durup, D. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

The effects of neuromuscular taping on gait walking strategy in a patient with joint hypermobility syndrome/Ehlers-Danlos syndrome hypermobility type
Conclusions: Results show that NMT seems to be a promising low-cost intervention for improving gait strategy in patients with JHS/EDS-HT. Further investigations are needed to assess the effects of this treatment intervention on pathological symptoms. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - February 2, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Camerota, F., Galli, M., Cimolin, V., Celletti, C., Ancillao, A., Blow, D., Albertini, G. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research