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Interpretation of survival data: which graphical analysis is appropriate?
(Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - June 29, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dizdar, O., Akin, S., Hayran, M. Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Pricing of innovative drugs: correlation between incremental cost and survival gain in four countries
(Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - June 29, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mengato, D., Messori, A. Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Anti-androgen therapy in triple-negative breast cancer
(Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - June 29, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Barton, V. N., Gordon, M. A., Richer, J. K., Elias, A. Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

From palliative therapy to prolongation of survival: 223RaCl2 in the treatment of bone metastases
Patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer often have multiple bone metastases. The resulting bone pain is associated with reduced life quality, increased cost of therapy and impairment of overall survival. Trials with bone-targeting β-emitters have mostly showed an effect on alleviation of bone pain along with prolongation in survival, documented in only a limited number of patients. A randomized phase III trial (ALSYMPCA) using the α-emitter 223RaCl2 (Xofigo®) showed for the first time, a longer overall survival of 3.6 months in treated patients as a sign of an antitumor effect. The time to first ske...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - June 29, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Liepe, K., Shinto, A. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Current targeted therapies in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer: a review
Treatment strategies for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients have undergone dramatic changes in the past decade and despite improved patient outcomes, there still exist areas for continued development. The introduction of targeted agents has provided clinicians with additional treatment options in mCRC, however, results have been mixed at best. These novel therapies were designed to interfere with specific molecules involved in the cellular carcinogenesis pathway and ultimately deliver a more focused treatment. Currently, their use in mCRC has been limited primarily as an adjunct to conventional chemotherapy regim...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - June 29, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Moriarity, A., OSullivan, J., Kennedy, J., Mehigan, B., McCormick, P. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

CYP17 inhibitors in prostate cancer: latest evidence and clinical potential
Since androgen signaling plays a pivotal role in the proliferation and metastasis of prostate cancer, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or castration therapy is considered the backbone of treatment for newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer. However, almost all men experience disease progression on ADT to a state known as metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), which continues to be driven by intratumoral androgen synthesis or androgen receptor signaling. Hence, the extragonadal ablation of androgen synthesis from pregnane precursors holds much promise. An inhibitor of cytochrome P450 17α–...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - June 29, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Alex, A. B., Pal, S. K., Agarwal, N. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Differences between invasive lobular and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: results and therapeutic implications
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most common histologic subtype of breast cancer (BC): ILC differs from invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) in its clinicopathological characteristics and responsiveness to systemic therapy. From the clinical standpoint, data suggest that ILC derives a distinct benefit from systemic therapy compared to IDC. In addition, comprehensive molecular analyses have been reported for ILCs, confirming that these tumors have specific genomic profiles compared to IDC. Despite these differences, clinical trials and practical clinical guidelines tend to treat BC as a single entity. Here we discu...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - June 29, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Barroso-Sousa, R., Metzger-Filho, O. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Investigating the therapeutic role and molecular biology of curcumin as a treatment for glioblastoma
Conclusions: Curcumin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in certain subpopulations of glioblastoma tumors, and its ability to target multiple signaling pathways involved in cell death makes it an attractive therapeutic agent. As such, it should be considered as a potent anticancer treatment. Further experiments are warranted to elucidate the use of a bioavailable form of curcumin in clinical trials. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - June 29, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rodriguez, G. A., Shah, A. H., Gersey, Z. C., Shah, S. S., Bregy, A., Komotar, R. J., Graham, R. M. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Ramucirumab in metastatic colorectal cancer: evidence to date and place in therapy
We present an overview of the key preclinical and clinical studies in the development of ramucirumab in the context of metastatic colorectal cancer. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - May 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Verdaguer, H., Tabernero, J., Macarulla, T. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Targeted chemotherapy with nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) in metastatic breast cancer: which benefit for which patients?
The therapeutic goals in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remain palliative in nature, aimed at controlling symptoms, improving or maintaining quality of life and prolonging survival. The advent of new drugs and new formulations of standard agents has led to better outcomes in patients with advanced or metastatic disease. These developments have also allowed a tailored therapeutic approach, in which the molecular biology of the tumour, the treatment history, and patient attitudes are taken into account in the decision-making process. Targeting drug delivery to the tumour is a promising mean of increasing the therapeutic inde...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - May 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Palumbo, R., Sottotetti, F., Bernardo, A. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Pemetrexed for advanced stage nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer: latest evidence about its extended use and outcomes
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still the leading cause of cancer-related death, and the treatment of advanced NSCLC relies on systemic treatments. During the last decade, pemetrexed, an antifolate agent, gradually became a key component of the treatment for patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC. It has indeed been shown to be efficient for first-line, maintenance and second- or third-line treatment in this subgroup of NSCLC. Moreover, it is usually well tolerated, with few grade 3 and 4 toxicities. Several studies have tried to identify predictive biomarkers of pemetrexed efficacy. Due to pemetrexed’s mecha...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - May 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tomasini, P., Barlesi, F., Mascaux, C., Greillier, L. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Nintedanib in NSCLC: evidence to date and place in therapy
The treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is currently driven by the detection of targetable oncogenic drivers, i.e. epidermal growth factor receptor, echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4–anaplastic lymphoma kinase, etc. Those patients who are wildtype for known and valuable oncogenes can receive standard chemotherapy as first-line treatment, with the possibility of adding bevacizumab. With regard to second-line treatment, nintedanib can improve the efficacy of docetaxel. Nintedanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting three angiogenesis-related transmembrane receptors. The usefulne...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - May 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bronte, G., Passiglia, F., Galvano, A., Barraco, N., Listi, A., Castiglia, M., Rizzo, S., Fiorentino, E., Bazan, V., Russo, A. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Overcoming resistance to first/second generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and ALK inhibitors in oncogene-addicted advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represent the two oncogenic events with an impact on current clinical practice. EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and crizotinib are the standard of care for the treatment of EGFR mutant and ALK gene rearranged advanced NSCLC patients. Unfortunately, despite initial clinical benefit, acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs or crizotinib usually develops after an average of 10–12 months of treatment. The aim of this review is to describe the mechanisms of res...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - May 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Romanidou, O., Landi, L., Cappuzzo, F., Califano, R. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Immunotherapy for head and neck cancer: latest developments and clinical potential
Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is a malignancy with a rapidly changing demographic profile, given the recent epidemic of human papilloma virus related cancers. Most patients present with locally advanced disease and receive combination therapeutic approaches with curative potential, albeit with significant toxicity. Up to a third of patients, however, will eventually develop recurrent or metastatic disease. The prognosis of such patients is dismal, as palliative treatment options remain limited. Immune-directed therapies offer a novel therapeutic strategy beyond cytotoxic chemotherapy and are currently being ev...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - May 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bauml, J. M., Cohen, R. B., Aggarwal, C. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

The preoperative platelet-lymphocyte ratio versus neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio: which is better as a prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma?
Conclusion: The preoperative PLR is superior to NLR as an independent indicator in predicting disease-free survival and overall survival in patients who undergo oral cancer resection for OSCC. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology - May 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chen, S., Guo, J., Feng, C., Ke, Z., Chen, L., Pan, Y. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research