Lipid rafts and neurodegeneration: structural and functional roles in physiologic aging and neurodegenerative diseases [Thematic Reviews]
Lipid rafts are small, dynamic membrane areas characterized by the clustering of selected membrane lipids as the result of the spontaneous separation of glycolipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol in a liquid-ordered phase. The exact dynamics underlying phase separation of membrane lipids in the complex biological membranes are still not fully understood. Nevertheless, alterations in the membrane lipid composition affect the lateral organization of molecules belonging to lipid rafts. Neural lipid rafts are found in brain cells, including neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, and are characterized by a high enrichment of spec...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - April 30, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Grassi, S., Giussani, P., Mauri, L., Prioni, S., Sonnino, S., Prinetti, A. Tags: Thematic Reviews Source Type: research
Lipid rafts as signaling hubs in cancer cell survival/death and invasion: implications in tumor progression and therapy [Thematic Reviews]
Cholesterol/sphingolipid-rich membrane domains, known as lipid rafts or membrane rafts, play a critical role in the compartmentalization of signaling pathways. Physical segregation of proteins in lipid rafts may modulate the accessibility of proteins to regulatory or effector molecules. Thus, lipid rafts serve as sorting platforms and hubs for signal transduction proteins. Cancer cells contain higher levels of intracellular cholesterol and lipid rafts than their normal non-tumorigenic counterparts. Many signal transduction processes involved in cancer development (insulin-like growth factor system and phosphatidylinositol ...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - April 30, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Mollinedo, F., Gajate, C. Tags: Thematic Reviews Source Type: research
Lipid rafts and pathogens: the art of deception and exploitation [Thematic Reviews]
Lipid rafts, solid regions of the plasma membrane enriched in cholesterol and glycosphingolipids, are essential parts of a cell. Functionally, lipid rafts present a platform that facilitates interaction of cells with the outside world. However, the unique properties of lipid rafts required to fulfill this function at the same time make them susceptible to exploitation by pathogens. Many steps of pathogen interaction with host cells, and sometimes all steps within the entire lifecycle of various pathogens, rely on host lipid rafts. Such steps as binding of pathogens to the host cells, invasion of intracellular parasites int...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - April 30, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Bukrinsky, M. I., Mukhamedova, N., Sviridov, D. Tags: Thematic Reviews Source Type: research
Biology of Lipid Rafts: Introduction to the Thematic Review Series [Thematic Reviews]
Lipid rafts are organized plasma membrane microdomains, which provide a distinct level of regulation of cellular metabolism and response to extracellular stimuli, affecting a diverse range of physiologic and pathologic processes. This Thematic Review Series focuses on Biology of Lipid Rafts rather than on their composition or structure. The aim is to provide an overview of ideas on how lipid rafts are involved in regulation of different pathways and how they interact with other layers of metabolic regulation. Articles in the series will review the involvement of lipid rafts in regulation of hematopoiesis, production of ext...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - April 30, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Sviridov, D., Miller, Y. I. Tags: Thematic Reviews Source Type: research
Commentary on SSO and other putative inhibitors of FA transport across membranes by CD36 disrupt intracellular metabolism, but do not affect fatty acid translocation [Commentaries]
(Source: The Journal of Lipid Research)
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - April 30, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Pownall, H. J. Tags: Commentaries Source Type: research
Membrane domains beyond the reach of microscopy [Commentaries]
(Source: The Journal of Lipid Research)
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - April 30, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Levental, I., Wang, H.-Y. Tags: Commentaries Source Type: research
GPIHBP1, a partner protein for lipoprotein lipase, is expressed only in capillary endothelial cells [Images In Lipid Research]
(Source: The Journal of Lipid Research)
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - April 30, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Meng, X., Zeng, W., Young, S. G., Fong, L. G. Tags: Images In Lipid Research Source Type: research
Images in Lipid Research [Editorials]
(Source: The Journal of Lipid Research)
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - April 30, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Young, S. G. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
HDL and pancreatic {beta} cells: a SMO-king gun? [Articles]
(Source: The Journal of Lipid Research)
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - March 31, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Brunham, L. R. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Erratum: Unequivocal evidence for endogenous geranylgeranoic acid biosynthesized from mevalonate in mammalian cells [Errata]
(Source: The Journal of Lipid Research)
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - March 31, 2020 Category: Lipidology Tags: Errata Source Type: research
An LC/MS/MS method for analyzing the steroid metabolome with high accuracy and from small serum samples [Methods]
Analyzing global steroid metabolism in humans can shed light on the etiologies of steroid-related diseases. However, existing methods require large amounts of serum and lack the evaluation of accuracy. Here, we developed an LC/MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of 12 steroid hormones: testosterone, pregnenolone, progesterone, androstenedione, corticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, cortisol, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, estriol, and estradiol. Steroids and spiked internal standards in 100 μl serum were extracted by protein precipitation and liquid-liquid extraction. The...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - March 31, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Yuan, T.-F., 袁;腾;飞;, , Le, J., 乐;娟;, , Wang, S.-T., 王;少;亭;, , Li, Y., 李;艳;, Tags: Methods Source Type: research
Lithium ion adduction enables UPLC-MS/MS-based analysis of multi-class 3-hydroxyl group-containing keto-steroids [Methods]
Steroids that contain a 3-hydroxyl group (3-OH steroids) are widely distributed in nature. During analysis with ESI-MS, they easily become dehydrated while in the protonated form, resulting in the production of several precursor ions and leading to low sensitivity of detection. To address this analytical challenge, here, we developed a method for the quantitation of 3-OH steroids by LC-MS/MS coupled with post-column addition of lithium (Li) ions to the mobile phase. The Li ion has a high affinity for the keto group of steroids, stabilizing their structures during ionization and permitting detection of analytes exclusively ...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - March 31, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Wang, Q., Shimizu, K., Maehata, K., Pan, Y., Sakurai, K., Hikida, T., Fukada, Y., Takao, T. Tags: Methods Source Type: research
Development of a sensitive and quantitative method for the identification of two major furan fatty acids in human plasma [Methods]
This article focuses on the establishment of an accurate and sensitive quantitation method for the analysis of furan fatty acids. In particular, the sensitivity of GC/MS and UPLC/ESI/MS/MS was compared for the identification and quantification of furan fatty acids. Different methylation methods were tested with respect to GC/MS analysis. Special attention needs to be paid to the methylation of furan fatty acids, as acidic catalysts might lead to the degradation of the furan ring. GC/MS analysis in full-scan mode demonstrated that the limit of quantitation was 10 μM. UPLC/ESI/MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring mode di...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - March 31, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Xu, L., Hu, C., Liu, Y., Li, S., Vetter, W., Yin, H., Wang, Y. Tags: Methods Source Type: research
A novel NanoBiT-based assay monitors the interaction between lipoprotein lipase and GPIHBP1 in real time [Methods]
In this study, we modified the NanoLuc® Binary Technology split-luciferase system to develop a novel assay that monitors the binding of LPL to GPIHBP1 on endothelial cells in real time. We validated the specificity and sensitivity of the assay using endothelial lipase and a mutant version of LPL and found that this assay reliably and specifically detected the interaction between LPL and GPIHBP1. We then interrogated various endogenous and exogenous inhibitors of LPL-mediated lipolysis for their ability to disrupt the binding of LPL to GPIHBP1. We found that angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL)4 and ANGPTL3-ANGPTL8 complexes disr...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - March 31, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Shetty, S. K., Walzem, R. L., Davies, B. S. J. Tags: Methods Source Type: research
Heritability of 596 lipid species and genetic correlation with cardiovascular traits in the Busselton Family Heart Study [Patient-Oriented and Epidemiological Research]
We report heritabilities and genetic correlations of new lipid species/subclasses, including acylcarnitine (AC), ubiquinone, sulfatide, and oxidized cholesteryl esters. Over 99% of lipid species were significantly heritable (h2: 0.06–0.50) and all lipid classes were significantly heritable (h2: 0.14–0.50). The monohexosylceramide and AC classes had the highest median heritabilities (h2 = 0.43). The largest genetic correlation was between clinical triglycerides and total diacylglycerol (rg = 0.88). We observed novel positive genetic correlations between clinical triglycerides and phosphatidylglycerol species (rg...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - March 31, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Cadby, G., Melton, P. E., McCarthy, N. S., Giles, C., Mellett, N. A., Huynh, K., Hung, J., Beilby, J., Dube, M.-P., Watts, G. F., Blangero, J., Meikle, P. J., Moses, E. K. Tags: Patient-Oriented and Epidemiological Research Source Type: research
