Perceived Decline in Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Bangladesh: Qualitative Evidence
This study presents qualitative evidence from four villages in central and northern Bangladesh drawn from 11 group discussions (6 with men, 5 with women), 16 open‐ended interviews with men, and 62 women's life history narratives. The findings strongly suggest that IPV is declining in these villages as women's economic roles expand and they gain a stronger sense of their rights. Periodic surveys are recommended to measure trends in the incidence of IPV in settings where transitions in gender systems are under way. (Source: Studies in Family Planning)
Source: Studies in Family Planning - September 1, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Sidney Ruth Schuler, Rachel Lenzi, Sohela Nazneen, Lisa M. Bates Source Type: research
Timing of Orphanhood, Early Sexual Debut, and Early Marriage in Four Sub‐Saharan African Countries
This study examines a rarely explored aspect of orphanhood: the timing and type of parental death and their relationship to these outcomes. The study also explores whether education mediates orphans' risk of early sexual initiation and early marriage. The data are drawn from the 2004 National Survey of Adolescents, which includes interviews with 12–19‐year‐old adolescents in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Malawi, and Uganda. Results from discrete‐time event history analysis indicate that female double orphans, regardless of timing of orphanhood, have greater odds of early sexual debut than do nonorphans. Education explains l...
Source: Studies in Family Planning - June 1, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Sophia Chae Source Type: research
Ethiopia 2011 DHS
(Source: Studies in Family Planning)
Source: Studies in Family Planning - May 29, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Cameroon 2011 DHS
(Source: Studies in Family Planning)
Source: Studies in Family Planning - May 29, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Assessing the Quality of Data Regarding Use of the Lactational Amenorrhea Method
This study assesses the quality of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data regarding self‐reported current use of the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM). LAM is an important modern contraceptive method that, when practiced correctly, has a 98 percent effectiveness rate six‐months postpartum. The objectives of this study are to examine the accuracy of self‐reported LAM use, compared with the constructed correct‐practice variable, and to explore differentials in accuracy measures by characteristics at the individual and survey level by analyzing data from 73 DHSs conducted in 45 countries between 1998 and 2011. Fin...
Source: Studies in Family Planning - May 29, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Madeleine Short Fabic, Yoonjoung Choi Source Type: research
Estimates of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in 27 African Countries and Yemen
This study provides estimates of the total number of women aged 15 years and older who have undergone FGM/C in 27 African countries and Yemen. Drawing on national population‐based survey data regarding FGM/C prevalence and census data regarding the number of women in each country, we find that almost 87 million girls and women aged 15 and older have been cut in these 28 countries. Producing reliable figures for the number of women affected by FGM/C in these countries allows researchers and program directors to better comprehend the impact of the practice and to mobilize resources for advocacy against it. (Source: Studies in Family Planning)
Source: Studies in Family Planning - May 29, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: P. Stanley Yoder, Shanxiao Wang, Elise Johansen Source Type: research
Individual‐ and School‐Level Correlates of HIV Testing among Secondary School Students in Kenya
The policy framework guiding Kenya's response to the AIDS epidemic identifies voluntary counseling and testing as crucial to risk reduction and HIV‐preventive activities. Yet in Kenya, as in most sub‐Saharan countries, voluntary testing rates are low, especially among young people. Using hierarchical linear models, we identify both individual‐ and teacher/school‐level factors that affect voluntary HIV testing among secondary school students in Kenya. Results indicate that adolescents are more likely to test for HIV serostatus when they are knowledgeable about testing, have been involved in HIV/AIDS activities in pr...
Source: Studies in Family Planning - May 29, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Eric Y. Tenkorang, Eleanor Maticka‐Tyndale Source Type: research
The Influence of Older Classmates on Adolescent Sexual Behavior in Cape Town, South Africa
This study examines the influence of exposure to older within‐grade peers on sexual behavior among students in urban South Africa. Data are drawn from the Cape Area Panel Study, a longitudinal survey of young people conducted in metropolitan Cape Town from 2002 to 2006. The combination of early sexual debut, high rates of school enrollment into the late teens, and grade repetition create an environment in which young people who progress through school ahead of many in their cohort interact with classmates who may be several years older. We construct a measure of cumulative exposure to classmates who are at least two year...
Source: Studies in Family Planning - May 29, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: David Lam, Letícia J. Marteleto, Vimal Ranchhod Source Type: research
Stan Bernstein reviews World Population Policies, by John F. May
(Source: Studies in Family Planning)
Source: Studies in Family Planning - March 19, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Stan Bernstein Source Type: research
Burundi 2010 DHS
(Source: Studies in Family Planning)
Source: Studies in Family Planning - March 19, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Burkina Faso 2010 DHS
(Source: Studies in Family Planning)
Source: Studies in Family Planning - March 19, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Lessons from the Recent Rise in Use of Female Sterilization in Malawi
Although female sterilization is the most widely used modern contraceptive method in the world, most family planning programs in Africa have had difficulty providing it. Malawi, however, despite daunting constraints, has made female sterilization widely and equitably accessible, thereby increasing method choice and helping its citizens better meet their reproductive intentions. Ten percent of currently married Malawian women of reproductive age rely on female sterilization for contraceptive protection, compared with less than 2 percent across Africa, and demand to limit births now exceeds demand to space births. Malawi's f...
Source: Studies in Family Planning - March 19, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Roy Jacobstein Source Type: research
The Influence of Neighbors' Family Size Preference on Progression to High Parity Births in Rural Nepal
Large families can have a negative impact on the health and well‐being of women, children, and their communities. Seventy‐three percent of the individuals in our rural Nepalese sample report that two children is their ideal number, yet about half of the married women continue childbearing after their second child. Using longitudinal data from the Chitwan Valley Family Study, we explore the influence of women's and neighbors' family size preferences on women's progression to high parity births, comparing this influence across two cohorts. We find that neighbors' family size preferences influence women's fertility, that ...
Source: Studies in Family Planning - March 19, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Elyse A. Jennings, Jennifer S. Barber Source Type: research
Contraceptive Use, Birth Spacing, and Child Survival in Matlab, Bangladesh
To reduce infant mortality through improved family planning, a better understanding of the factors driving contraceptive use and how this decision affects infant survival is needed. Using dynamic panel‐data models of infant deaths, birth intervals, and contraceptive use, this study analyzes the causal effects of birth spacing on subsequent infant mortality and of infant mortality on the use of contraceptives and the length of the next birth interval. Data are drawn from the Health and Demographic Surveillance System in Matlab, Bangladesh, where almost 32,000 births have been observed from 1982 to 2005. Our main finding i...
Source: Studies in Family Planning - March 19, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Unnati Rani Saha, Arthur van Soest Source Type: research
The Need to Reemphasize Behavior Change for HIV Prevention in Uganda: A Qualitative Study
Uganda has long been considered an AIDS success story, although in recent years declines in prevalence and incidence appear to have stalled or even reversed. During the early stages of Uganda's AIDS prevention program, health messages emphasized behavior change, especially fidelity. Ugandans were made to fear AIDS and feel personally at risk of dying from a new, poorly understood disease. In this research, six focus group discussions with 64 participants in peri‐urban and rural areas outside Kampala suggest that HIV prevention messages have shifted in the direction of risk reduction: condoms, testing, and drugs. Ugandans...
Source: Studies in Family Planning - March 19, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Edward C. Green, Phoebe Kajubi, Allison Ruark, Sarah Kamya, Nicole D'Errico, Norman Hearst Source Type: research
