Preface
This issue of Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery reviews the relevant topics pertaining to the training and certification process of colon and rectal surgeons. Colon and rectal surgery has been considered a unique specialty for nearly 100 years, and the process to train and certify surgeons in our specialty has been an area of intense interest by leaders in the field. Founders of the specialty realized early that appropriate oversight and governance of both the training paradigm and the certification process was necessary to ensure that those who practiced colon and rectal surgery were held to a high standard and could d...
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - April 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Eric J. Dozois Source Type: research

Accreditation Standards for colon and rectal surgery residency
This article briefly reviews the evolution of residency training and accreditation, and the structure and function of the ACGME. The ACGME is currently instituting a major redesign of the accreditation process, the Next Accreditation System (NAS), with the goals of increasing focus on measurable outcomes, improving the learning environment, decreasing administrative burdens, and encouraging educational innovation. (Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - April 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Bruce A. Orkin Source Type: research

Preparing the colon and rectal resident for real world practice: What should the graduate in 2015 be prepared for?
Despite the myriad of changes in the health care work environment and the constant pessimism that we are now subjected to, it is still a privilege to be a surgeon! There are several keys to success but none more substantial than your attitude. Furthermore, if you have joined a team of individuals with solidarity, and the leader has a clear vision for both the group and your role then you are set up for great accomplishment. Understanding what your personal and professional priorities are and how they may evolve is critical to implementing a focused plan. (Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - April 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Andrew Russ, Bradley Champagne Source Type: research

PREFACE – Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery
This issue of Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery reviews the relevant topics pertaining to the training and certification process of colon and rectal surgeons. Colon and rectal surgery has been considered a unique specialty for nearly 100 years and the process to train and certify surgeons in our specialty has been an area of intense interest by leaders in the field. Founders of the specialty realized early that appropriate oversight and governance of both the training paradigm and the certification process was necessary to ensure that those who practiced colon and rectal surgery were held to a high standard and could de...
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - April 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Eric J. Dozois Source Type: research

History of Specialty Training and Board Certification in Colon and Rectal Surgery
Colon and Rectal Surgery as a separate and identifiable specialty dates back to the early 1900’s. Development of training programs, beginning as proctology preceptorships and evolving to residency programs recognized by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, demonstrate the value of the unwavering dedication of the founders of the field. Similarly, creation of an independent Board with its own certification procedures has maintained the independence and integrity of the specialty despite external pressures to return to general surgery. (Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - April 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Bruce G. Wolff, David J. Schoetz Source Type: research

2. Accreditation Standards for colon and rectal surgery residency
This article briefly reviews the evolution of residency training and accreditation, and the structure and function of the ACGME. The ACGME is currently instituting a major redesign of the accreditation process, the Next Accreditation System (NAS), with the goals of increasing focus on measurable outcomes, improving the learning environment, decreasing administrative burdens, and encouraging educational innovation. (Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - April 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Bruce A. Orkin Source Type: research

The role of simulation in colon and rectal surgery training
Over the last decade, duty hour regulations imposed on training programs in the “modern era” of surgical training have limited trainee exposure to operations. Due to this, attaining competency based on exposure to operations alone can no longer be assumed. With combined mandated clinic coverage, call, and endoscopic requirements, time has become an even more limited resource for achievement of proficiency, much less mastery, for those pursuing a career in all surgical disciplines—especially colorectal surgery. (Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - April 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Victoria Valinluck Lao, Scott R. Steele Source Type: research

Is it time for an alternative training pathway to become a board certified colon and rectal surgeon?
The paradigm for training colorectal surgeons may be changing in the near future. Collaborative efforts between the American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery and the American Board of Surgery will be essential to overcoming the changes in the growing colorectal curriculum and the reduction in experience of general surgical trainees (precolorectal training). Several training models have been discussed over the past decade and each will be reviewed in this article. (Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - April 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: James Fleshman Source Type: research

Preparing the colon and rectal resident for real world practice; what should the graduate in 2015 be prepared for?
Despite the myriad of changes in the health care work environment and the constant pessimism that we are now subjected to, it is still a privilege to be a surgeon! There are several keys to success but none more substantial than your attitude. Furthermore, if you have joined a team of individuals with solidarity, and the leader has a clear vision for the both the group and your role than you are set up for great accomplishment. Understanding what your personal and professional priorities are and how they may evolve is critical to implementing a focused plan. (Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - April 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Andrew Russ, Bradley Champagne Source Type: research

Training the millennial generation: Understanding the new generation of Learners entering colon and rectal residency
The millennial generation refers to people born between 1980 and 2005. Surgical educators have the impression that this group of learners appear to have a different learning style and set of priorities when compared to previous generations of learners. In this article, the authors discuss current challenges that millennial learners present and offer teaching and instructional strategies to address the issues presented by this newest generation of surgeons-in-training. (Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - April 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Benjamin R. Phillips, Gerald A. Isenberg Source Type: research

Training colon and rectal surgeons in Europe
Colorectal surgery training in Europe is delivered through a wide range of different systems run at the national level in each country. In most European countries, colorectal surgery is not yet a certified subspecialty. The Division of Coloproctology of the Union Europeens des Medicins Specialistes section of surgery started in 1998 and established accreditation and certification in Coloproctology in Europe. The European Board of Surgery Qualification (EBSQ) Coloproctology Examinations are held during the annual meeting of the European Society of Coloproctology and up to twice per year at other national meetings. (Source: ...
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - April 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Dieter Hahnloser, J. Graham Williams, Klaus E. Matzel Source Type: research

Maintenance of certification in 2015: A view from colon and rectal surgery
Board certification refers to the process by which a physician in the United States initially completes and satisfies all requirements set forth by the Board of the specialty s/he has chosen to specialize in. When these requirements are satisfied, the Board recognizes the physician as being in possession of the required skills and knowledge deemed necessary for safe and effective practice of the specialty.Maintenance of Certification (MOC) is the process by which a board certified physician in the United States demonstrates on an ongoing basis his/her continuing expertise in the chosen specialty. (Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - April 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jan Rakinic, W. Donald Buie Source Type: research

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the colon and rectum
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs of the colon and rectum are rare, comprising 5% of all cases. There are few data available for colorectal GISTs to guide management. Although they can be small and found incidentally, the majority appear to be at high risk and carry a worse prognosis than gastric GISTs. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for primary disease. GISTs are targeted effectively with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as imatinib mesylate. (Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - January 28, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Dimitra G. Theodoropoulos Source Type: research

Gastrointestinal Tumors of the Colon and Rectum
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs of the colon and rectum are rare, comprising 5% of all cases. There are few data available for colorectal GISTs to guide management. Although they can be small and found incidentally, the majority appear to be high-risk and carry a worse prognosis than gastric GISTs. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for primary disease. GISTs are targeted effectively with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as imatinib mesylate. (Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - January 28, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Dimitra G. Theodoropoulos Source Type: research

Hemangiomas and vascular Malformations of the GI tract
Hemangiomas and vascular malformations of the GI tract are a rare entity and present as overt or occult bleeding. Presenting as a singular cavernous hemangioma or malformation, which is often located in the recto-sigmoid region, they can be distributed throughout the intestinal digestive system. Despite characteristic radiographic features such as radiolucent phleboliths on plain film imaging and a purplish nodule on endoscopy, misdiagnosis is common. There is potential for local invasion, therefore adjunctive imaging such as CT and MRI are part of the suggested workup. (Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery - January 28, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Stephen Yoo Source Type: research