Editorial Board
Publication date: June 2019Source: Science & Sports, Volume 34, Issue 3Author(s): (Source: Science and Sports)
Source: Science and Sports - May 30, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Impact of a HIIT protocol on body composition and VO2max in adolescents
ConclusionsFunctional HIIT shows the necessary potential to become a reliable strategy for countering obesity in the young population, given its impact on the reduction of body fat in the individuals involved. The short workouts mean that it can be introduced simply and frequently into physical education sessions.RésuméObjectifsLes adolescents constituent un segment de population de plus en plus sédentaire, ce qui a des répercussions négatives sur leur santé. Le but de cette étude était d’analyser l’effet d’un entraînement par intervalles de haute intensité basé sur des exercices fonctionnels sur le pource...
Source: Science and Sports - May 19, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Plasma iron status in elite weightlifters after four weeks of intensive training
In conclusion, the present study showed changes in the majority of iron status balance parameters, which seems to be close to the lowest reference limit, with a considerable depletion of iron stores and low serum ferritin concentrations especially in woman weightlifters.RésuméAvec ou sans anémie, la carence en fer est un trouble fréquent chez les athlètes et peut diminuer les performances physiques et mentales. Actuellement, aucune étude n’a examiné les effets de l’entraînement en haltérophilie sur le statut en fer. Ainsi, l’objectif de la présente étude était d’examiner les effets de quatre semaines dâ...
Source: Science and Sports - May 16, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Does changing the bike frame influence pedal force pattern in mountain bike cyclists?
Publication date: Available online 13 May 2019Source: Science & SportsAuthor(s): S. Devys, D. Bertin, G. RaoSummaryObjectivesIn cycling, the interaction between the athlete and his bike is crucial for the resulting performance with frame geometry and bike-setup being known to affect the biomechanical and physiological outputs. Road and Olympic cross-country (XCO) bike frames are routinely used in training programs, despite having different frame configurations. The present study compared biomechanical indices of the pedalling techniques between road and off-road bike frames.Equipment and methodsTen XCO mountain bikers of n...
Source: Science and Sports - May 14, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
How do different physical exercise parameters modulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor in healthy and non-healthy adults? A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression
ConclusionsRespecting study limitations, we suggest based on our results and available evidence, the following FITT-based exercise recommendation to improve BDNF level: Frequency: 2–3 times per week; Intensity: at least 65% of VO2max; Type: moderate-intensity continuous training; Time: at least 40 minutes. Also, exercise is more effective at improving the BDNF level in lengthier intervention, and exercise intensity is linearly associated with BDNF changes.RésuméObjectifsLe facteur neurotrophique dérivé du cerveau (BDNF) est une neurotrophine qui joue un rôle crucial dans la plasticité synaptique, la neurogenè...
Source: Science and Sports - April 27, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Effect of 16-week corrective training program on three dimensional joint moments of the dominant and non-dominant lower limbs during gait in children with genu varus deformity
ConclusionsPerforming CEC could reduce excessive knee internal rotation moment as well as hip external rotation moment identified as two key risk factors for medial knee osteoarthritis. Therefore, it would be recommended for children with genu varus, in that it can prevent and slow joint degeneration in adulthood.RésuméContexteUn traitement approprié de ré-alignement des membres inférieurs chez l’enfant pourrait prévenir la survenue de pathologies consécutives à des anomalies de la statique des membres inférieurs. Cependant, ceci nécessite d’être scientifiquement évalué.ObjectifLe but de cette étude étai...
Source: Science and Sports - April 26, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Citrulline malate supplementation might potentiate post-exercise hypotension in hypertensives: A 24-hour analysis
ConclusionAcute citrulline malate supplementation might potentiate the post-exercise hypotension effects in hypertensive individuals.RésuméObjectifLa présente étude visait à déterminer si une supplémentation en malate de citrulline pouvait influer sur la réponse aiguë de la pression artérielle après l’exercice chez les hypertendus.MéthodesQuarante adultes hypertendus et sédentaires ont été répartis au hasard dans l’un des quatre groupes expérimentaux (placebo témoin, citrulline témoin, placebo d’exercice et citrulline d’exercice). Les volontaires ont ingéré un sachet contenant un placebo (6 gra...
Source: Science and Sports - April 26, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Changes in foot measurements, plantar pressure and postural position during a mountain ultra-marathon race
ConclusionsThe increase of the forefoot plantar pressure is related to the forward displacement of CoP. These results explain probably why many runners have injuries in this area during a MUM. The increase of the front foot width should be taken into account for the choice of the running shoes, as much as the foot length.RésuméObjectifLe but de cette étude était de d’évaluer les modifications des pressions plantaires, des mesures du pied et de la posture, en position debout avant, pendant et après une course d’ultra-trail en montagne.MéthodesTrente-huit coureurs ont été testés avant (km-0) et après (km-171) ...
Source: Science and Sports - April 26, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
A comparison of bioelectrical impedance analysis and skinfold measurements with Medix DR Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for assessment of body fat percentage
Publication date: Available online 23 April 2019Source: Science & SportsAuthor(s): Y. Wang, R. Nogueira, L.X. FanSummaryObjectivesBody composition can be evaluated using a variety of methods to estimate body fat percentage, but methods tend to vary in precision. The aim of our study is to compare skinfold thickness measurement and bioelectrical impedance analysis to dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for the estimation of body fat percentage in healthy adults.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was used to examine and compare body fatness percentage of health adult men and women with three different assessment methods: ski...
Source: Science and Sports - April 24, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Consommation des anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens lors de la préparation au Grand Raid 2016 à La Réunion
ConclusionLe taux de prévalence de consommation d’AINS est élevé parmi les ultra-traileurs, lesquels n’ont que des connaissances limitées sur leurs propriétés et effets secondaires. La part d’automédication est importante. Il conviendrait de renforcer l’éducation des ultra-traileurs en matière de bénéfice et de risques des AINS, notamment par leur médecin traitant.SummaryIntroductionThe Ultra-trail® has enjoyed unlimited popularity over the past decade. During this type of race, ultra-marathon runners regularly force their bodies to exceed their physical and mental limits, which is why they sometimes u...
Source: Science and Sports - April 20, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Influence of three different types of physical training programs on bone mineral density in a group of elderly subjects
ConclusionResistance training can stimulate bone gain while endurance training can mitigate bone loss at clinically important sites of osteoporotic fractures in elderly subjects.RésuméIntroductionLe but de cette étude était d’explorer l’effet de l’entraînement physique en résistance, endurance ou bien combiné (aérobie et résistance) sur la masse osseuse dans un groupe de sujets âgés.Synthèse des faits et résultatsCinquante-deux sujets sains (35 femmes et 17 hommes) âgés de 65 à 75 ans ont été inclus dans l’étude. Les sujets ont été répartis au hasard dans le groupe d’entraînement en résist...
Source: Science and Sports - April 20, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Recovery sector of the Ironman triathlon race: Pain profile of triathletes and sector organization
ConclusionApproximately one-third of the triathletes starting a long-distance Ironman race sought treatment at the recovery sector with high prevalence of pain in the thighs and posterior region of legs.RésuméIntroductionLors de courses de longues distances, les triathletes présentent de nombreux symptômes cliniques. La connaissance de la prévalence de la douleur et des régions du corps affectées par celle-ci après une couse, telle un Ironman, peut permettre de mettre en place un programme préventif et ainsi éviter ces douleurs. L’objectif de cette étude a été de décrire le profil de douleurs des triathlèt...
Source: Science and Sports - April 20, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Sucrosomial® iron and folic acid supplementation is able to induce Il-6 levels variation in healthy trained professional athletes, regardless of the hemoglobin and iron values
Publication date: Available online 19 April 2019Source: Science & SportsAuthor(s): T. Bongiovanni, G. Pasta, G. TarantinoSummaryObjectiveInflammation plays a fundamental role in the healing process after a trauma. Recent data have suggested that interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a key role in iron metabolism after stress response.Equipment and methodsTo study the correlation between iron metabolism and inflammatory status in fifteen professional male athletes, a Sucrosomial® iron plus folic acid supplement was administered during the professional sport season and a prospective analysis of data was performed.ResultsThe healthy at...
Source: Science and Sports - April 20, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Front crawl arm stroke trajectories of physically impaired swimmers: A preliminary study
ConclusionThe stroke presented large inter-swimmer variability, reflecting individual characteristics and severity of the impairment. The swimmers who combined shallow and narrow stroke movements produced a shorter trajectory. This study provides swimmers and coaches with an overview of the kinematic characteristics of a range of physically impaired swimmers.RésuméIntroductionCette étude a eu pour objectif d’évaluer les paramètres tridimensionnels de la cinématique du mouvement crawlé chez des nageurs présentant des limitations fonctionnelles de différents niveaux.Synthèse des faits et résultatsHuit nageurs de...
Source: Science and Sports - April 20, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Effect of astaxanthin and exercise on antioxidant capacity of human body, blood lactic acid and blood uric acid metabolism
Conclusion(1) Exercise can temporarily reduce the body's antioxidant capacity, increase blood lactic acid content, and slightly decrease blood uric acid content. (2) Astaxanthin intake can eliminate free radicals produced in the body, significantly reducing the increase in blood lactic acid and reducing blood uric acid value after acute high-intensity exercise.RésuméObjectifNous avons étudié les effets de la supplémentation en astaxanthine et de l’exercice aigu de haute intensité sur la capacité antioxydante sérique de l’organisme, de la lactatémie et de l’uricémie.MéthodesSeize sujets ont été entraîné...
Source: Science and Sports - April 20, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
