A composite reactor with wetted-wall column for mineral carbonation study in three-phase systems
This report presents a composite reactor that combines a modified conventional wetted-wall column, a pH control module, and an attachment to monitorprecipitationreactions. Our test and calibration experiments show that the absorption column behaved largely in agreement with theoretical predictions and previous observations. Experimental confirmation of CO2 absorption in NaOH and ethanolamine supported the effectiveness of the column forgas-liquid interaction. A test run in the CO2–NH3–MgCl2 system carried out for real time investigation of the relevant carbonationreactions shows that the reactor ’s performance closel...
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 17, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Chen Zhu, Xizhi Yao, Liang Zhao and H. Henry Teng Source Type: research
Online measurements of surface tensions and viscosities based on the hydrodynamics of Taylor flow in a microchannel
This paper demonstrates an onlinemeasurement technique which canmeasure bothsurface tension andviscosity for confined fluids in microfluidic systems. Thesurface tension andviscosity are determined by monitoring theliquid film thickness deposited in a microchannel based on the hydrodynamics of Taylorflow.Measurements were carried out for pureliquids and binary aqueousliquid mixtures. The results agreed well with reference data and theoretical models. This novel method has considerable potential formeasuring dynamic interfacial tension of complex mixtures. Furthermore, it offers opportunity for integrating propertymeasuremen...
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 17, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Yanhong Sun, Chaohong Guo, Yuyan Jiang, Tao Wang and Lei Zhang Source Type: research
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(Source: Review of Scientific Instruments)
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 16, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Andreas Mandelis Source Type: research
Low-noise correlation measurements based on software-defined-radio receivers and cooled microwave amplifiers
We present amicrowave correlationmeasurementsystem based on two low-cost USB-connectedsoftware defined radio dongles modified to operate as coherent receivers by using a common local oscillator. Existingsoftware is used to obtain I/Q samples from both dongles simultaneously at asoftware tunable frequency. To achieve lownoise, we introduce an easy low-noise solution forcryogenic amplification at 600 –900 MHz based on single discreteHEMT with 21 dB gain and 7 Knoise temperature. In addition, we discuss the quantization effects in a digital correlationmeasurement and determination of optimal integration time by applying All...
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 16, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Teemu Nieminen, Pasi L ähteenmäki, Zhenbing Tan, Daniel Cox and Pertti J. Hakonen Source Type: research
Liquid-phase catalytic reactor combined with measurement of hot electron flux and chemiluminescence
Understanding the role of electronicallynonadiabatic interactions during chemical reactions onmetal surfaces in liquid media is of great importance for a variety of applications includingcatalysis, electrochemistry, and environmental science. Here, we report the design of an experimental apparatus for detection of the highly excited (hot) electrons created as a result ofnonadiabatic energy transfer during thecatalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide on thin-film metal –semiconductor nanodiodes. The apparatus enables the measurement ofhot electron flows and related phenomena (e.g.,surfacechemiluminescence) as well as t...
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 16, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Ievgen I. Nedrygailov, Changhwan Lee, Song Yi Moon, Hyosun Lee and Jeong Young Park Source Type: research
A micro-nano-rheometer for the mechanics of soft matter at interfaces
We present a nano-rheometer based on the dynamic drainage flow between a sphere and a plane from bulk regime to highly confined regime. The instrument gives absolutemeasurements of theviscosity of simple liquids in both regimes. For complex fluids, themeasurements involve theviscosity and theelastic modulus. The device operates on distances ranging over four orders of magnitude from 1 nm to 10 μm, bridging rheological properties from the macroscopic to the molecular scale. This allows tomeasure anhydrodynamic orvisco-elasticboundary condition and to explore the causes of theboundary condition at the microscopic level. (So...
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 16, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: L éo Garcia, Chloé Barraud, Cyril Picard, Jérôme Giraud, Elisabeth Charlaix and Benjamin Cross Source Type: research
Mobile setup for synchrotron based in situ characterization during thermal and plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition
We report the design of a mobile setup for synchrotron basedin situ studies during atomic layer processing. The system was designed to facilitatein situ grazing incidence small anglex-ray scattering (GISAXS),x-ray fluorescence(XRF), andx-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements at synchrotron facilities. The setup consists of a compact high vacuum pump-type reactor foratomic layer deposition(ALD). The presence of a remote radio frequency plasma source enablesin situ experiments during both thermal as well as plasma-enhancedALD. The system has been successfully installed at different beam line end stations at the European S...
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 16, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Jolien Dendooven, Eduardo Solano, Matthias M. Minjauw, Kevin Van de Kerckhove, Alessandro Coati, Emiliano Fonda, Giuseppe Portale, Yves Garreau and Christophe Detavernier Source Type: research
Fast sweep direct absorption (sub)millimeter-wave spectroscopy
We report onspectrometer design and performance and compare the results to standard lock-in detection techniques. (Source: Review of Scientific Instruments)
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 16, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Brian M. Hays, Morgan N. McCabe, Steven T. Shipman and Susanna L. Widicus Weaver Source Type: research
Commercial counterboard for 10 ns software correlator for photon and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
A 10 ns time resolution, multi-tausoftwarecorrelator, capable ofcomputing simultaneous autocorrelation (A-A, B-B) and cross (A-B)correlation functions at count rates up to ∼10 MHz, with no data loss, has been developed in LabVIEW and C++ by using the National Instrument timer/counterboard (NI PCIe-6612) and a fast PersonalComputer (PC) (Intel Core i7-4790 Processor 3.60 GHz ). Thecorrelator works by using two algorithms: for large lag times (τ≳ 1μs), a classical time-mode scheme, based on themeasure of the number of pulses per time interval, is used; differently, forτ≲ 1μs a photon-mode (PM) scheme is adopted and...
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 16, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Matteo Molteni and Fabio Ferri Source Type: research
Erratum: “A fast real time measurement system to track in and out of plane optical retardation/birefringence, true stress, and true strain during biaxial stretching of polymer films” [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 123901 (2012)]
(Source: Review of Scientific Instruments)
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 15, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: M. Cakmak, M. Hassan, E. Unsal and C. Martins Source Type: research
Design and characterization of a linear Hencken-type burner
We have designed and constructed a Hencken-type burner that produces a 38-mm-long linear laminar partially premixed co-flowdiffusionflame. This burner was designed to produce a linearflame for studies of soot chemistry, combining the benefit of the conventional Hencken burner ’s laminarflames with the advantage of the slot burner ’s geometry for opticalmeasurements requiring a long interaction distance. It is suitable formeasurements using optical imaging diagnostics, line-of-sight optical techniques, or off-axis optical-scattering methods requiring either a long or short path length through theflame. This paper presen...
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 15, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: M. F. Campbell, G. A. Bohlin, P. E. Schrader, R. P. Bambha, C. J. Kliewer, K. O. Johansson and H. A. Michelsen Source Type: research
Flexible architecture of data acquisition firmware based on multi-behaviors finite state machine
A flexible firmware architecture for different kinds ofdata acquisition systems, ranging from high-precision bench instruments to low-cost wirelesstransducersnetworks, is presented. The key component is a multi-behaviors finite state machine, easily configurable to both low- and high-performance requirements, to diverse operating systems, as well as to on-line and batchmeasurement algorithms. The proposed solution was validated experimentally on three case studies withdata acquisition architectures: (i) concentrated, in a high-precision instrument for magneticmeasurements at CERN, (ii) decentralized, for telemedicine remot...
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 15, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Pasquale Arpaia and Pasquale Cimmino Source Type: research
Airfoil-based electromagnetic energy harvester containing parallel array motion between moving coil and multi-pole magnets towards enhanced power density
In this letter, the airfoil-based electromagneticenergy harvester containing parallel arraymotion between movingcoil and trajectory matching multi-polemagnets was investigated. Themagnets were aligned in an alternativelymagnetized formation of 6magnets to explore enhanced power density. In particular, themagnet array was positioned in parallel to the trajectory of the tipcoil within its tip deflection span. The finite element simulations of themagnetic flux density and induced voltages at an open circuit condition were studied to find the maximum number of alternativelymagnetizedmagnets that was required for the proposeden...
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 15, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Chung Ming Leung, Ya Wang and Wusi Chen Source Type: research
Highly sensitive superconducting circuits at ∼700 kHz with tunable quality factors for image-current detection of single trapped antiprotons
We developed highly sensitiveimage-currentdetectionsystems based on superconductingtoroidal coils and ultra-lownoiseamplifiers for non-destructivemeasurements of the axial frequencies (550 –800 kHz) of single antiprotons stored in acryogenic multi-Penning-trapsystem. The unloaded superconducting tuned circuits show quality factors of up to 500 000, which corresponds to a factor of 10 improvement compared to our previously used solenoidal designs. Connected to ultra-lownoiseamplifiers and the trapsystem, signal-to-noise-ratios of 30 dB at quality factors of>20 000 are achieved. In addition, we have developed a super...
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 15, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: H. Nagahama, G. Schneider, A. Mooser, C. Smorra, S. Sellner, J. Harrington, T. Higuchi, M. Borchert, T. Tanaka, M. Besirli, K. Blaum, Y. Matsuda, C. Ospelkaus, W. Quint, J. Walz, Y. Yamazaki and S. Ulmer Source Type: research
48-channel coincidence counting system for multiphoton experiment
In this paper, we demonstrate a coincidence countingsystem with 48 input channels which is aimed to count all coincidence events, up to 531 441 kinds, in a multiphotonexperiment. Using the dynamic delay adjusting inside the Field Programmable Gate Array, the alignment ofphoton signals of 48 channels is achieved. After the alignment,clock phase shifting is used to sample signal pulses. Logic constraints are used to stabilize the pulse width. The coincidence counting data stored in a 1G bit external random access memory will be sent to thecomputer to analyze the amount of 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-fold coincidence events. Thi...
Source: Review of Scientific Instruments - November 15, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Chen Zhang, Wei Li, Yi Hu, Tao Yang, Ge Jin and Xiao Jiang Source Type: research
