1918 influenza virus: 100 years on, are we prepared against the next influenza pandemic?
Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, 61 (2018).
doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.174
Author: Rafael A. Medina
As we commemorate 100 years since the 1918 pandemic, research has advanced our knowledge of influenza virulence and pathogenesis, and has highlighted the role of animal reservoirs in the emergence of pandemic strains. Future efforts in understanding viral ecology, zoonosis and in integrating human and animal epidemiology should aid pandemic preparedness. (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - January 15, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Rafael A. Medina Tags: Comment Source Type: research
Microbial modulation of cardiovascular disease
Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, 171 (2018).
doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.149
Authors: J. Mark Brown & Stanley L. Hazen
Although diet has long been known to contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), research over the past decade has revealed an unexpected interplay between nutrient intake, gut microbial metabolism and the host to modify the risk of developing CVD. Microbial-associated molecular patterns are (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - January 8, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: J. Mark Brown Stanley L. Hazen Tags: Review Source Type: research
The germ-organ theory of non-communicable diseases
Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, 103 (2018).
doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.158
Authors: Mariana X. Byndloss & Andreas J. Bäumler
Gut dysbiosis is associated with many non-communicable human diseases, but the mechanisms maintaining homeostasis remain incompletely understood. Recent insights suggest that during homeostasis, epithelial hypoxia limits oxygen availability in the colon, thereby maintaining a balanced microbiota that functions as a microbial organ, producing metabolites contributing (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - January 8, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Mariana X. Byndloss Andreas J. B รค umler Tags: Perspectives Source Type: research
Genome watch: Microbial diversity knows no borders
Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, 66 (2018).
doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.166
Authors: Lindsay J. Pike, Elisa Viciani & Nitin Kumar
This month's genome watch discusses the vast global microbial diversity revealed by the Earth Microbiome Project and the value of its characterization. (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - January 2, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Lindsay J. Pike Elisa Viciani Nitin Kumar Tags: News and Analysis Source Type: research
Viral infection: A fungus boosts dengue virus in the mosquito gut
Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, 64 (2018).
doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.168
Author: Ashley York
A recent study finds that a gut-associated fungus alters the gut physiology of the Aedes aegypti mosquito to increase susceptibility to dengue virus. (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - January 2, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ashley York Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Parasite biology: Keeping Plasmodium awake
This study reports that artemisinin-induced latency is mediated by general translational repression following the phosphorylation of the α-subunit of Plasmodium eukaryotic initiation factor 2. (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - January 2, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Andrea Du Toit Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Uncovering the mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii virulence
Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, 91 (2018).
doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.148
Authors: Christian M. Harding, Seth W. Hennon & Mario F. Feldman
Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen that causes ventilator-associated as well as bloodstream infections in critically ill patients, and the spread of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter strains is cause for concern. Much of the success of A. baumannii can be directly attributed to its (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - December 18, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Christian M. Harding Seth W. Hennon Mario F. Feldman Tags: Review Source Type: research
Inserting proteins into the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane using the Sec and YidC translocases
This article was published with an incorrect DOI. The correct DOI is 10.1038/nrmicro3595. This has now been corrected in the online version. We apologize to the authors and to readers for any confusion (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - December 11, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kun Xie Ross E. Dalbey Tags: Erratum Source Type: research
Marine microbiology: Illuminating the importance of nitrite oxidation
Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, 64 (2018).
doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.165
Author: Ursula Hofer
Using single amplified genomes, this study identifies members of the Nitrospinae bacterial phylum as the main primary producers in the dark ocean. (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - December 11, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ursula Hofer Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
The great escape
Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, 4 (2018).
doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.156
Author: Eva Heinz
This month's Genome Watch highlights how genomics has improved our understanding of how vaccines impact pathogen populations and their genomes. (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - December 8, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Eva Heinz Tags: News and Analysis Source Type: research
Microbiome: Precision engineering of gut metabolites
This study identified a metabolic pathway in members of the gut microbiota, which uses aromatic amino acids to produce small molecules with systemic effects. (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - December 8, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ursula Hofer Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Microbiome: Fusobacterium persistence in colorectal cancer
Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, 2 (2018).
doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.164
Author: Ashley York
Several studies have found that fusobacteria are enriched in human colorectal cancers. To investigate their role in human colorectal cancers, a recent study analysed the microbiome of patient colorectal tissue and metastatic tumours and observed that nearly identical Fusobacterium strains were present in the (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - December 8, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ashley York Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Host response: Suppressing gut feelings
Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, 2 (2018).
doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.163
Author: Ashley York
To maintain a healthy symbiotic relationship with gut bacteria, the host immune system must tolerate bacterial molecules. A number of host mechanisms have been reported to mediate this tolerance; however, bacterial mediators of host tolerance are still mostly unknown. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a potent (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - December 8, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ashley York Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Viral pathogenesis: A small change makes a big difference
Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, 2 (2018).
doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.162
Author: Ashley York
Prenatal Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been linked to pregnancy complications and developmental defects, most notably microcephaly. The causal link between ZIKV infection and congenital brain abnormalities was first recognized in 2016; however, there is serological evidence that ZIKV has circulated for many years. A (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - December 8, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ashley York Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
Host response: Fungal safeguards in the gut
This study reports that commensal enteric fungi provide protection against infection in local intestinal and non-intestinal systemic tissues and enhance systemic immunity. (Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology)
Source: Nature Reviews Microbiology - December 8, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ashley York Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research
