Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 
This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.
This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Different faces of empathy: Feelings of similarity disrupt recognition of negative emotions
We report four studies in which participants (total N = 803) watched videos of targets sharing genuine negative emotional experiences. Participants' multi-scalar ratings of the targets' emotions were compared with the targets' own emotion ratings. In Study 1 we found that having had a similar experience to what the target was sharing was associated with lower recognition of the target's emotions. Study 2 replicated the same pattern and in addition showed that making participants' own imagined reaction to the described event salient resulted in further reduced accuracy. Studies 3 and 4 were preregistered replications an...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 23, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Arousal increases self-disclosure
Publication date: March 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Brent Coker, Ann L. McGillAbstractThis research tests the hypothesis that arousal increases self-disclosure. We find that affective arousal increases the amount (study 1) and the severity (study 2) of self-disclosure, and that self-disclosure is also increased by physiological arousal (study 3). We further explore the moderating effect of thought frequency on the arousal-disclosure relationship, finding that often-thought-about thoughts are more likely to be disclosed than less thought-about thoughts. This research has practi...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 23, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Measure what you are trying to predict: Applying the correspondence principle to the Implicit Association Test
Publication date: January 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 86Author(s): Louis H. Irving, Colin Tucker SmithAbstractThe Implicit Association Test (IAT) is nearly synonymous with the implicit attitude construct. At the same time, correlations between the IAT and criterion measures are often remarkably low. Developed within research using explicit measures of attitudes, the correspondence principle posits that measures should better predict criteria when there is a match in terms of the level of generality or specificity at which both are conceptualized (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1977). As such, weak impl...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Meta-analytic evidence for ambivalence resolution as a key process in effortless self-control
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Iris K. Schneider, Marleen Gillebaart, André MattesAbstractSelf-control is a central construct in understanding human behavior and wellbeing, and has a significant impact on outcomes in several areas such as health, wellbeing, academic performance, and interpersonal relationships. However, underlying mechanisms of self-control, and particularly effortless self-control, remain underexposed. Recent work using mouse tracking techniques has shed new light on these issues and found that self-control is related to ambivalence a...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 13, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
When does anger boost status?
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Celia Gaertig, Alixandra Barasch, Emma E. Levine, Maurice E. SchweitzerAbstractA substantial literature asserts that anger expressions boost status. Across seven studies (N = 4027), we demonstrate that this assertion is often wrong. Rather than boosting status, many anger expressions predictably diminish status. We find that the intensity of expressed anger profoundly influences social perceptions and status conferral. Compared to mildly or moderately angry individuals, extremely angry people are perceived to be less c...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 11, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Do humans possess an autonomous system justification motivation? A Pupillometric test of the strong system justification thesis
Publication date: January 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 86Author(s): Chuma Kevin Owuamalam, Russell SpearsAbstractTo investigate the existence of an autonomous system justification motive that guides human behavior, we tested the dissonance-inspired strong system-justification thesis: that the cognitive effort expended to justify societal systems on which people depend, is greater amongst the disadvantaged than amongst the advantaged when their group identities are weak in salience/strength. Using a novel pupil dilation paradigm to tap cognitive effort, we exposed an ethnic minority group (N...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Beware a dishonest face?: Updating face-based implicit impressions using diagnostic behavioral information
Publication date: January 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 86Author(s): Xi Shen, Thomas C. Mann, Melissa J. FergusonAbstractPeople quickly infer trustworthiness from faces and use it to guide judgments and behaviors. Past research has suggested that face information is too powerful to be overridden by behavioral evidence, especially implicitly, suggesting that untrustworthiness in faces might be an insurmountable influence in impressions of others. In 5 studies, however, we found that implicit impressions of untrustworthy faces can be effectively updated by learning new, counterattitudinal beha...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 8, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Promiscuous condemnation: People assume ambiguous actions are immoral
Publication date: January 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 86Author(s): Neil Hester, B. Keith Payne, Kurt GrayAbstractDo people view others as good or evil? Although people generally cooperate with others and view others' “true selves” as intrinsically good, we suggest that they are likely to assume that the actions of others are evil—at least when they are ambiguous. Nine experiments provide support for promiscuous condemnation: the general tendency to assume that ambiguous actions are immoral. Both cognitive and functional arguments support the idea of promiscuous condemnation. Cognitiv...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 8, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Where does moral conviction fit?: A factor analytic approach examining antecedents to attitude strength
Publication date: January 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 86Author(s): Aviva Z. Philipp-Muller, Laura E. Wallace, Duane T. WegenerAbstractResearch and theory has suggested that moral conviction is distinct from other attitude strength antecedents. Yet, many attitude features conceptually overlap with features considered definitional to moral conviction. In order to place moral conviction within the broader landscape of attitude properties, we examined the factor analytic structure of a set of attitude strength antecedents that seemed conceptually related to moral basis. Participants reported a...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 7, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Americans hold their political leaders to a higher discursive standard than rank-and-file co-partisans
Publication date: January 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 86Author(s): Jeremy A. Frimer, Linda J. SkitkaAbstractDo political partisans hold their co-partisan political leaders to a higher or lower discursive standard than rank-and-file co-partisans? Previous research in non-political group contexts suggests competing answers to this question. Some research (e.g., Abrams et al., 2013) suggests that leaders (as defenders of the group) are afforded credits for transgressions and thus held to a lower behavioral standard for incivility than their constituents. Other research (e.g., Pinto et al., 20...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 7, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Choosing persuasion targets: How expectations of qualitative change increase advocacy intentions
Publication date: January 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 86Author(s): Christopher J. Bechler, Zakary L. Tormala, Derek D. RuckerAbstractAdvocacy is a topic of increasing import in the attitudes literature, but researchers know little to nothing about how people (i.e., persuaders) choose their targets (i.e., the recipients of their advocacy). Four main experiments and six supplemental studies (total N = 3684) demonstrate that people prefer to direct persuasion efforts toward individuals who seem poised to shift their attitudes qualitatively (e.g., from negative to positive) rather than non...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 7, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The relative contribution of response bias and weighting-of-similarity bias to valence asymmetry in attitude generalization
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Hadar Ram, Nira LibermanAbstractNegative generalization asymmetry (NGA) is a tendency to generalize negative attitudes more widely than positive attitudes. Studies found robust NGA for new objects that resemble both positive and negative learned objects, and even stronger NGA for new objects that resemble neither. Two biases were suggested to underlie NGA: (1) negative response bias, whereby a novel object is perceived as novel, but forced to make a dichotomous good/bad decision, a responder has a strategy to classify it a...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 5, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
“Take care, honey!”: People are more anxious about their significant others' risk behavior than about their own
Publication date: January 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 86Author(s): Mirjam Ghassemi, Katharina Bernecker, Veronika BrandstätterAbstractThis research investigated people's affective reaction to and cognitive evaluation of risks taken by close others. Five experimental studies showed that individuals were more anxious when a significant other (e.g., their partner) intended to engage in behavior implying risk to health or safety than when they intended to engage in the same behavior themselves. This discrepancy did not emerge if the other was emotionally distant (e.g., an acquaintance), sugge...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 5, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Power and moral dilemma judgments: Distinct effects of memory recall versus social roles
Publication date: January 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 86Author(s): Bertram Gawronski, Skylar M. BrannonAbstractCounter to the lay belief that power corrupts people's sense of morality, social psychological theories suggest that the effects of power on moral judgment are rather complex and multifaceted. To test competing predictions derived from these theories, five experiments used the CNI model to investigate whether power affects responses to moral dilemmas by influencing (1) sensitivity to morally relevant consequences, (2) sensitivity to moral norms, or (3) general action tendencies re...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 4, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Are single people a stigmatized ‘group’? Evidence from examinations of social identity, entitativity, and perceived responsibility
Publication date: January 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 86Author(s): Alexandra N. Fisher, John K. SakalukAbstractPast research consistently suggests that singles are stigmatized, but do they constitute a stigmatized group? The current research provides deeper insight into the stigmatization of single people by understanding their ‘group-y’ nature, and how group identification and perception map onto discrimination and prejudice. Study 1 examined the extent to which singles identify as part of a group. Participants were assigned a novel minimal group identity and then completed measures o...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - November 2, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
