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Race-based biases in judgments of social pain
Publication date: May 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 88Author(s): Jason C. Deska, Jonathan Kunstman, E. Paige Lloyd, Steven M. Almaraz, Michael J. Bernstein, J.P. Gonzales, Kurt HugenbergAbstractSix studies tested the hypothesis that evaluators judge Black people less sensitive to social pain than White people. Social pain was operationalized as the psychological distress caused by experiences that damage social worth and interpersonal relationships (e.g., derogation, exclusion, unfairness). White evaluators judged both Black male (Studies 1, 2a, & 2b) and female (Studies 2a & 2b) targets as ...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - February 15, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Roles of social knowledge and sexual dimorphism in the evaluation of facial attractiveness
This study involved two experiments to investigate the interaction between sexual dimorphism and social knowledge in relation to the evaluation of facial attractiveness. Experiment 1 examined the interaction between the valence of social knowledge and sexual dimorphism, and Experiment 2 examined the interaction between the content of social knowledge and sexual dimorphism. Results of Experiment 1 showed that irrespective of gender, positive social information significantly improved attractiveness ratings, while negative social information significantly reduced attractiveness ratings. Results of Experiment 2 showed that whe...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - February 5, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Don't you say it that way! Experimental evidence that controlling voices elicit defiance
Publication date: May 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 88Author(s): Netta Weinstein, Maarten Vansteenkiste, Silke PaulmannAbstractMotivational messages can be communicated in a controlling or pressuring way, or alternatively, speakers can support listeners' sense of choice and self-initiation. Despite this being a key aspect of daily life, little is known about the outcomes of different motivational tones on listeners' experiences. In three experiments, we tested the extent to which a controlling – rather than an autonomy-supportive – tone of voice elicited defiance, a tense desire to do th...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - February 5, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Pain scales as placebos: Can pain scales change reported pain across measurements?
Publication date: May 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 88Author(s): Joshua M. Ackerman, Jenna Goesling, Aradhna KrishnaAbstractVarious aspects of measurement scales, such as whether the scale is unipolar or bipolar, or the direction of response alternatives, can influence how people evaluate their own subjective experience. Here, we demonstrate scale effects tied to repeated measurement by examining self-reported pain. In many contexts, assessment of subjective experiences is done repeatedly, as when pain patients report their pain levels using a variety of scales. We propose that this repeated...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - January 31, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Don't let the facts ruin a good story: The effect of vivid reviews on attitude ambivalence and its coping mechanisms
Publication date: May 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 88Author(s): Guy Itzchakov, Moty Amar, Frenk Van HarreveldAbstractPurchasing decisions are increasingly based on reviews by fellow consumers which often consist of positive and negative evaluations about the product (i.e. valence-inconsistency). We tested how the vividness of these reviews affects individuals' attitude ambivalence towards the product and their strategies to cope with this ambivalence. We hypothesized that reading vivid and valence-inconsistent reviews would lead to increased awareness of opposing features of attitudes towar...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - January 24, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: March 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): (Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology)
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - January 24, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Corrigendum to “Viewing the world through “blood-red tinted glasses”: The hostile expectation bias mediates the link between violent video game exposure and aggression.” [Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 48 (2012) 953–956]
Publication date: March 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Youssef Hasan, Laurent Bègue, Brad J. Bushman (Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology)
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - January 24, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Attitudes as prepared reflexes
Publication date: May 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 88Author(s): David E. Melnikoff, Robert Lambert, John A. BarghAbstractWhen people plan to respond to a stimulus S with an action R, they hold an S-R association in working memory. Such S-R associations are called prepared reflexes. In the present investigation, we explored the possibility that prepared reflexes play a central role in evaluative processing. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that attitudes toward a given stimulus S (i) become more positive when prepared reflexes associate S with a positively valenced action representatio...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - January 24, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Standing up against moral violations: Psychological processes of moral courage
Publication date: May 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 88Author(s): Anna Baumert, Mengyao Li, Julia Sasse, Linda Skitka (Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology)
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - January 24, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Evaluative priming as an implicit measure of evaluation: An examination of outlier-treatments for evaluative priming scores
Publication date: March 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Judith Koppehele-Gossel, Lisa Hoffmann, Rainer Banse, Bertram GawronskiAbstractEvaluative priming is based on the notion that evaluative classifications of target stimuli are faster (vs. slower) when they are preceded by a prime stimulus of the same (vs. opposite) valence. Although evaluative priming is widely used as an implicit measure of evaluation, there is no common procedure for the treatment of response-latency outliers. To address this limitation, four studies examined common outlier-treatments in terms of (1) the ove...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - January 21, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Children's and adults' understanding of punishment and the criminal justice system
Publication date: March 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): James P. Dunlea, Larisa HeiphetzAbstractAdults' judgments regarding punishment can have important social ramifications. However, the origins of these judgments remain unclear. Using the legal system as an example domain in which people receive punishment, the current work employed two complementary approaches to examine how punishment-related concepts emerge. Study 1 tested both 6- to 8-year-olds and adults to ascertain which components of “end-state” punishment concepts emerge early in development and remain stable over ...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - January 21, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

“Rarely safe to assume”: Evaluating the use and interpretation of manipulation checks in experimental social psychology
Publication date: March 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Emma Ejelöv, Timothy J. LukeAbstractAlthough the use of manipulation checks is widespread in social psychology, several researchers have raised methodological concerns about their use and interpretations. However, knowledge of how they are actually being used has been lacking. Extracting data from published reports of 207 recent experiments, we provide an empirical review of current practices concerning manipulation checks in social psychology. Our review suggests that there are serious deficiencies in the manner in which ma...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - January 21, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Moral character evaluation: Testing another's moral-cognitive machinery
Publication date: March 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Clayton R. Critcher, Erik G. Helzer, David TannenbaumAbstractPeople evaluate the moral character of others not only based on what they do, but also on what leads them to do it. Because an agent's state of mind is not directly observable, people typically engage in mindreading—attempts at inferring mental states—when forming moral evaluations. The present paper identifies a general target of such mental state inference, mental occurrents—a catchall term for the thoughts, beliefs, principles, feelings, concerns, and rules...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - January 21, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The effect of objectification on aggression
Publication date: March 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Kai-Tak Poon, Zhansheng Chen, Fei Teng, Wing-Yan WongAbstractDo people become more aggressive when they are manipulated as a tool or object that can help others achieve performance goals? Adopting a multi-method approach with Eastern and Western samples, through six experiments (overall valid N = 1070), we tested whether objectification (i.e., being treated as an instrument that aids others in achieving instrumental performance goals) promotes aggression through thwarted perceived control. The results showed that objectifie...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - January 21, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

“How can you help me if you are not from here?” Helper's familiarity with the context shapes interpretations of prosocial intergroup behaviors
Publication date: March 2020Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 87Author(s): Islam Borinca, Juan M. Falomir-Pichastor, Luca AndrighettoAbstractThe present research examined people's (mis)interpretations of prosocial intergroup behaviors by investigating whether a helper's familiarity with the context influences the empathy and altruistic (vs. instrumental) motives recipients of help attribute to helpers. In four experiments we recruited participants from different cultural backgrounds (Kosovan Albanians and Swiss) and different age groups (adolescents and adults), and considered two different perspect...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - January 21, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research