Providing Clinicians and Patients With Actual Prognosis: Cancer in the Context of Competing Causes of Death
Conclusion
Both cancer and actual prognosis measures are important. Cancer registries should routinely report both cancer and actual prognosis to help clinicians and researchers understand the difference between these measures and what question they can and cannot answer. We encourage them to use formats like the ones presented in this paper to communicate them clearly. (Source: JNCI Monographs)
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Howlader, N., Mariotto, A. B., Woloshin, S., Schwartz, L. M. Tags: Article Source Type: research
Current Estimates of the Cure Fraction: A Feasibility Study of Statistical Cure for Breast and Colorectal Cancer
The objective of this work is to evaluate the sensitivity of cure fraction estimates to model choice and study design.
Methods
Data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-9 registries to construct a cohort of breast and colorectal cancer patients diagnosed from 1975 to 1985. In a sensitivity analysis, cure fraction estimates are compared from different study designs with short- and long-term follow-up. Methods tested include: cause-specific and relative survival, parametric mixture, and flexible models. In a separate analysis, estimates are projected for 2008 diagnoses using study design...
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Stedman, M. R., Feuer, E. J., Mariotto, A. B. Tags: Article Source Type: research
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Cancer Survival by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Registries
Discussion
In health disparities research, both relative and absolute measures provide context. A better understanding of the interactions between race/ethnicity and SES may be useful in directing screening and treatment resources toward at-risk populations. (Source: JNCI Monographs)
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kish, J. K., Yu, M., Percy-Laurry, A., Altekruse, S. F. Tags: Article Source Type: research
Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survival
Adolescent and young adults (AYAs) face challenges in having their cancers recognized, diagnosed, treated, and monitored. Monitoring AYA cancer survival is of interest because of the lack of improvement in outcome previously documented for these patients as compared with younger and older patient outcomes. AYA patients 15–39 years old, diagnosed during 2000–2008 with malignant cancers were selected from the SEER 17 registries data. Selected cancers were analyzed for incidence and five-year relative survival by histology, stage, and receptor subtypes. Hazard ratios were estimated for cancer death risk among youn...
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lewis, D. R., Seibel, N. L., Smith, A. W., Stedman, M. R. Tags: Article Source Type: research
The Impact of State-Specific Life Tables on Relative Survival
Conclusion
Differences between relative survival based on USLT and SLT were small and state-based estimates were less reliable than US-based estimates for older populations aged 85+. Our findings underscore the need to develop more appropriate life tables that better represent the varying mortality patterns in different populations in order to obtain accurate estimates of relative survival. (Source: JNCI Monographs)
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Stroup, A. M., Cho, H., Scoppa, S. M., Weir, H. K., Mariotto, A. B. Tags: Article Source Type: research
The Impact of Follow-up Type and Missed Deaths on Population-Based Cancer Survival Studies for Hispanics and Asians
Conclusions
Cancer survival studies involving Hispanics and Asians should be interpreted with caution because the current available data overtly inflates survival in these populations. Censoring is clearly nonrandom across race-ethnicity meaning that findings of Hispanic and Asian survival advantages may be biased. Problematic death linkages among Hispanics and Asians contribute to missing deaths and overestimated survival. More complete follow-up with at least 5 years of information on vital status as well as improved death linkages will decisively increase the validity of survival estimates for these growing populations....
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pinheiro, P. S., Morris, C. R., Liu, L., Bungum, T. J., Altekruse, S. F. Tags: Article Source Type: research
Evaluation of North American Association of Central Cancer Registries' (NAACCR) Data for Use in Population-Based Cancer Survival Studies
Follow-up procedures vary among cancer registries in North America. US registries are funded by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program and/or the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR). SEER registries ascertain vital status and date of last contact to meet follow-up standards. NPCR and Canadian registries primarily conduct linkages with local and national death records to ascertain deaths. Data on patients diagnosed between 2002 through 2006 and followed through 2007 were obtained from 51 registries. Registries that met follow-up standards or, at a minimum, conducted linkages with local and n...
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Weir, H. K., Johnson, C. J., Mariotto, A. B., Turner, D., Wilson, R. J., Nishri, D., Ward, K. C. Tags: Article Source Type: research
When Do Changes in Cancer Survival Mean Progress? The Insight From Population Incidence and Mortality
Conclusions
Changes in survival must be interpreted in the context of incidence and mortality. Increased survival only represents progress when accompanied by a reduction in incidence, mortality, or ideally both. (Source: JNCI Monographs)
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cho, H., Mariotto, A. B., Schwartz, L. M., Luo, J., Woloshin, S. Tags: Article Source Type: research
Cancer Survival: An Overview of Measures, Uses, and Interpretation
Survival statistics are of great interest to patients, clinicians, researchers, and policy makers. Although seemingly simple, survival can be confusing: there are many different survival measures with a plethora of names and statistical methods developed to answer different questions. This paper aims to describe and disseminate different survival measures and their interpretation in less technical language. In addition, we introduce templates to summarize cancer survival statistic organized by their specific purpose: research and policy versus prognosis and clinical decision making. (Source: JNCI Monographs)
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mariotto, A. B., Noone, A.-M., Howlader, N., Cho, H., Keel, G. E., Garshell, J., Woloshin, S., Schwartz, L. M. Tags: Article Source Type: research
Cover
(Source: JNCI Monographs)
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: JNCI Monographs)
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: JNCI Monographs)
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Use of Integrative Therapies as Supportive Care in Patients Treated for Breast Cancer
Conclusions
Specific integrative therapies can be recommended as evidence-based supportive care options during breast cancer treatment. Most integrative therapies require further investigation via well-designed controlled trials with meaningful outcomes. (Source: JNCI Monographs)
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Greenlee, H., Balneaves, L. G., Carlson, L. E., Cohen, M., Deng, G., Hershman, D., Mumber, M., Perlmutter, J., Seely, D., Sen, A., Zick, S. M., Tripathy, D., for the Society for Integrative Oncology Guidelines Working Group Tags: Article Source Type: research
A Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Trial of an Evidence-Based Exercise Intervention for Breast Cancer Survivors
Conclusions
This trial successfully demonstrated that a physical therapy led strength training program for breast cancer survivors can be implemented in a community setting while retaining the effectiveness and safety of the clinical trial. However, during the translation process, strategies to reduce barriers to implementation are required. This new program can inform larger scale dissemination and implementation efforts. (Source: JNCI Monographs)
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Beidas, R. S., Paciotti, B., Barg, F., Branas, A. R., Brown, J. C., Glanz, K., DeMichele, A., DiGiovanni, L., Salvatore, D., Schmitz, K. H. Tags: Article Source Type: research
Effects of Integrative Medicine on Pain and Anxiety Among Oncology Inpatients
Conclusions
IM services to oncology inpatients resulted in substantial decreases in pain and anxiety. Observational studies using electronic medical records provide unique information about real-world utilization of IM. Future studies are warranted and should explore potential synergy of opioid analgesics and IM therapy for pain control. (Source: JNCI Monographs)
Source: JNCI Monographs - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Johnson, J. R., Crespin, D. J., Griffin, K. H., Finch, M. D., Dusek, J. A. Tags: Article Source Type: research
