Imaging in Patients with Crohn's Disease: Trends in Abdominal CT/MRI Utilization and Radiation Exposure Considerations over a 10-Year Period
Purpose: To study the trends in utilization of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with Crohn's disease and to evaluate changes in CT radiation exposure over a 10-year period.
Methods: In this institutional review board–approved single-institution retrospective study, we included patients who underwent CT and MRIs for evaluation of Crohn's disease between 2006 and 2015. A total of 3196 CTs and 1924 MR scans were performed in 2156 patients (mean age: 34.8 ± 17.71 yr; range: 3–91 yr) for initial diagnosis or follow-up of Crohn's disease between 2006 and 2015. Trends in CT/MR utiliz...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Clinical Articles Source Type: research
Preoperative Extraintestinal Manifestations Associated with Chronic Pouchitis in Japanese Patients with Ulcerative Colitis After Ileal Pouch-anal Anastomosis: A Retrospective Study
Conclusions: The presence of preoperative extraintestinal manifestations was found to be an independent risk factor for the development of overall and chronic pouchitis. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Clinical Articles Source Type: research
The Effect of Disease Activity on Birth Outcomes in a Nationwide Cohort of Women with Moderate to Severe Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion: In women with moderate to severe IBD, 66% experienced disease activity during pregnancy. In those with the highest degree of disease activity, the risk of preterm birth was increased 3 to 4 folds. The proportion of adverse birth outcomes was high, particularly among women with ulcerative colitis and disease activity. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Clinical Articles Source Type: research
Predictors of Chronic Opioid Use in Newly Diagnosed Crohn's Disease
Conclusions: This study presents a nationally representative assessment of COU in newly diagnosed patients with CD. The results may be used to determine the impact of COU in this population and to alert clinicians to those patients with CD at high risk of COU. Chronic opioids are consistently associated with indicators of more severe disease; however, additional research is needed to determine whether COU drives disease severity or vice versa. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Clinical Articles Source Type: research
Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusions: IBD patients with NAFLD had longer disease duration of IBD and developed NAFLD with fewer metabolic risk factors than patients with NAFLD only. These findings suggest that there may be other factors that contribute to the development of NAFLD in the IBD population. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Clinical Articles Source Type: research
A Novel User-Friendly Model to Predict Corticosteroid Utilization in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Ulcerative Colitis
Conclusions: We developed and internally validated a novel prognostic model to predict CS use among patients with newly diagnosed UC. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Clinical Articles Source Type: research
Ocular Involvement in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusions: Children with IBD may have asymptomatic uveitis, yet its prevalence seems lower than previously reported, and it was not found in children without a previous diagnosis of clinically manifest uveitis. No ocular complications from prior unrecognized uveitis were observed. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Clinical Articles Source Type: research
Treatment Persistence for Infliximab Versus Adalimumab in Crohn's Disease: A 14-Year Single-Center Experience
Conclusions: IFX and ADA show similar levels of persistence as first- and second-line anti-TNF treatments. Female sex and stricturing behavior were associated with poor persistence of first-line treatments, whereas age was the only factor associated with poor persistence of second-line treatments. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Clinical Articles Source Type: research
Growth Improvement with Adalimumab Treatment in Children with Moderately to Severely Active Crohn's Disease
Background: Growth failure is common in children with Crohn's disease. The effect of adalimumab (ADA), a fully human antitumor necrosis factor antagonist, on height velocity in pediatric patients with baseline (BL) linear growth impairment in the IMAgINE 1 trial is presented.
Methods: This analysis included female and male patients with growth potential (bone age ≤13 and ≤14 yr, respectively), with BL Pediatric Crohn's disease Activity Index>30, and who failed or were intolerant to conventional therapy. Patients received open-label induction ADA at weeks 0 and 2 by body weight (≥40 kg, 160 and 80 mg and (Source: Inf...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Clinical Articles Source Type: research
The Mucosal Antibacterial Response Profile and Fecal Microbiota Composition Are Linked to the Disease Course in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Ulcerative Colitis
Background: The clinical disease course of ulcerative colitis (UC) varies substantially between individuals and can currently not be reliably predicted. The gut microbiota and the host's immune defense are key players for gut homeostasis and may be linked to disease outcome. The aim of this study was to determine fecal microbiota composition and mucosal antibacterial response profile in untreated patients with newly diagnosed UC and the impact of these factors on disease course.
Methods: Stool samples and intestinal biopsies were obtained from therapy-naive newly diagnosed patients with UC. Patients were defined to have m...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Basic Science Articles Source Type: research
Azathioprine with Allopurinol: Lower Deoxythioguanosine in DNA and Transcriptome Changes Indicate Mechanistic Differences to Azathioprine Alone
Conclusions: LDAA is biologically effective despite lower deoxythioguanosine incorporation into DNA, and has different mechanisms of action compared to standard-dose azathioprine. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Basic Science Articles Source Type: research
Oligoclonal T-cell Receptor Repertoire in Colonic Biopsies of Patients with Microscopic Colitis and Ulcerative Colitis
Conclusions: Altogether, patients with MC and UC showed an oligoclonal TCRβ distribution. TCRVβ-Jβ clone types and their diversity were distinctive between patients with CC and LC, as well as for patients with UC, suggesting different pathophysiological mechanisms according to disease type and stage. This study suggests that CC and LC are different entities because of differences in immunoregulatory responses, as mirrored by their T-cell repertoire. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Basic Science Articles Source Type: research
Intestinal Barrier Disruption in Ileal Pouchitis After Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis in a Rat Model
Background: Pouchitis occurs in approximately 50% of patients with ulcerative colitis after ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) but the pathogenesis remains unclear. We used a rat model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)–induced ileal pouchitis to examine whether intestinal barrier disruption plays a role in the development and progression of the disease.
Methods: Rats were randomly divided into DSS (underwent IPAA and administered 5% DSS orally), IPAA (underwent IPAA), and Sham groups (underwent switch abdominal surgery). In the DSS group, levofloxacin intervention and nonintervention subgroups were used to determine th...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Basic Science Articles Source Type: research
Compositional Changes in the Gut Mucus Microbiota Precede the Onset of Colitis-Induced Inflammation
Conclusions: Our data reveal the importance of mucus sampling for understanding the underlying etiology of IBD and fundamental processes underlying disease progression. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Basic Science Articles Source Type: research
Single Delivery of High-Diversity Fecal Microbiota Preparation by Colonoscopy Is Safe and Effective in Increasing Microbial Diversity in Active Ulcerative Colitis
Conclusions: High-diversity, 2-donor FMP delivery by colonoscopy seems safe and effective in increasing fecal microbial diversity in patients with active ulcerative colitis. Donor composition correlated with clinical response and further characterization of immunological parameters may provide insight into factors influencing clinical outcome. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - May 24, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Future Directions and Methods for IBD Research Source Type: research
