Overexpression of AtNCED3 gene improved drought tolerance in soybean in greenhouse and field conditions
Abstract Water deficit is an important climatic problem that can impair agriculture yield and economy. Genetically modified soybean plants containing the AtNCED3 gene were obtained aiming drought-tolerance improvement. The NCED3 gene encodes a 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED, EC 1.13.11.51), an important enzyme in abscisic acid biosynthesis. ABA activates the expression of drought-responsive genes, in water-deficit conditions, targeting defense mechanisms and enabling plants to survive under low water availability. Results from greenhouse experiments showed that the transgene AtNCED3 and the endogenous genes GmAREB...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 16, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
The molecular cytogenetic characterization of Conopophaga lineata indicates a common chromosome rearrangement in the Parvorder Furnariida (Aves, Passeriformes)
Abstract Cytogenetic analyses of the Suboscines species are still scarce, and so far, there is no karyotype description of any species belonging to the family Conopophagidae. Thus, the aim of this study is to describe and analyze the karyotype of Conopophaga lineata by chromosome painting using Gallus gallus (GGA) probes and to identify the location of the 18/28S rDNA cluster. Metaphases were obtained from fibroblast culture from two individuals of C. lineata. We observed a diploid number of 2n=78. GGA probes showed that most ancestral syntenies are conserved, except for the fission of GGA1 and GGA2, into two distinct pair...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 12, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Wide dispersion of B chromosomes in Rhammatocerus brasiliensis (Orthoptera, Acrididae)
Abstract The grasshopper Rhammatocerus brasiliensis shows polymorphism of B chromosomes, but the magnitude of B-chromosome occurrence and the factors that may contribute to their dispersion in the species remain unknown thus far. The present study analyzed the occurrence and dispersion of B chromosomes in R. brasiliensis individuals from 21 populations widely distributed in the Brazilian Northeast. The genetic connectivity between 10 populations was verified through analysis of ISSR markers from 200 individuals. Of the 21 populations, 19 presented individuals with one B chromosome, three with two, and one with three B chro...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 10, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Draft genome sequence of Wickerhamomyces anomalus LBCM1105, isolated from cachaça fermentation
We report its draft genome with 20.5x in-depth coverage and around 90% extension and completeness. It harbors the sequences of proteins involved in glycerol transport and metabolism. (Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology)
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 8, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Selenium protects against LPS-induced MC3T3-E1 cells apoptosis through modulation of microRNA-155 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways
Abstract Bone infection or osteomyelitis is usually a complication of inflammation-related traumatic bone injury. Selenium has been shown to have potential cytoprotective effects and the ability to reduce oxidative stress and apoptotic events in osteomyelitis, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. Here, we used LPS-induced apoptotic MC3T3-E1 cells and aimed to confirm selenium's protective effect on cell apoptosis as well as to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this role. Our investigation confirmed selenium-mediated inhibition of LPS-induced cell apoptosis and ROS accumulation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Upon selenium tr...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 8, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Overexpression of AtNCED3 gene improved drought tolerance in soybean in greenhouse and field conditions
Abstract Water deficit is an important climatic problem that can impair agriculture yield and economy. Genetically modified soybean plants containing the AtNCED3 gene were obtained aiming drought-tolerance improvement. The NCED3 gene encodes a 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED, EC 1.13.11.51), an important enzyme in abscisic acid biosynthesis. ABA activates the expression of drought-responsive genes, in water-deficit conditions, targeting defense mechanisms and enabling plants to survive under low water availability. Results from greenhouse experiments showed that the transgene AtNCED3 and the endogenous genes GmAREB...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 8, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Comprehensive analysis of gene expression and DNA methylation data identifies potential biomarkers and functional epigenetic modules for lung adenocarcinoma
This study is aimed to screen potential DNA methylation signatures to facilitate the diagnosis and prognosis of LUAD and integrate gene expression and DNA methylation data of LUAD to identify functional epigenetic modules. We systematically integrated gene expression and DNA methylation data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), bioinformatic models and algorithms were implemented to identify signatures and functional modules for LUAD. Three promising diagnostic and five potential prognostic signatures for LUAD were screened by rigorous filtration, and our tumor-normal classifier and progno...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 1, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
New karyotype records for the genus Proechimys (Rodentia: Echimyidae) from Brazilian Amazonia
We present new karyotype records for six Proechimys species from the Brazilian Amazon. P. echinothrix from the region of Purus River had 2n = 32 chromosomes and a FN = 58, while P. cuvieri from the region of the Japur á River presented 2n = 28 and FN = 46. All individuals presented hybridization with an 18S rDNA probe in a single chromosome pair, with the exception of P. cuvieri from the Japurá region, which presented a third signal in one of the homologs of pair 1. No ITS were found in any of the individuals. Our data supports the hypothesis that the P. cuvieri population from the Japurá Basin and P. echinothrix from t...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 1, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Association of polymorphisms of PTEN, AKT1, PI3K, AR, and AMACR genes in patients with prostate cancer
Abstract Polymorphic variants in the PTEN (rs2735343), PI3K (rs2699887), AKT1 (rs2494750), AR (rs17302090), and AMACR (rs3195676) genes were evaluated as possible molecular markers of susceptibility, prognosis, and progression of prostate cancer (PCa), in a case-control study. Samples consisted of 277 patients with PCa and 277 controls from Londrina, PR, Brazil. SNPs were analyzed by real-time PCR. A family history of cancer, including PCa, as well as level of schooling were risk factors for PCa. The data were obtained via logistic regression, using odds ratios with a CI 95%. The genotypes of AKT1 and AKT1+AR demonstrated ...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 1, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (Caryocaraceae) and comparative analysis brings new insights into the plastome evolution of Malpighiales
This study synthetizes valuable information for further studies allowing a better understanding of evolutionary patterns in the group and providing resources for future breeding programs. (Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology)
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - May 29, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Characterization of a Paracoccidioides spp. strain from southeastern Brazil genotyped as Paracoccidioides restrepiensis (PS3) and review of this phylogenetic species
This study aimed to define the phylogenetic species of BAT isolate by using additional genotyping methods, as well as reviewing the epidemiological and clinical studies related to P. restrepiensis isolates. Genomic DNA of BAT isolate and reference strains of P. brasiliensis sensu stricto (S1b), P. americana (PS2), P. restrepiensis (PS3), and P. lutzii were analyzed by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of partial gp43 exon 2 loci, by PCR-RFLP technique of tub1 gene, and by sequencing of the whole gp43 exon 2 loci. Here, we show that BAT isolate belongs to P. restrepiensis species, which is an unusual identificati...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - May 29, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Overexpression of klotho suppresses growth and pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma in vivo
Abstract Klotho is originally discovered as an anti-aging gene and knock-out of klotho accelerates aging in mice. Subsequent studies support the anti-carcinogenesis role of klotho in a variety of human malignancies. The present study investigated the role of klotho on growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells. The osteosarcoma cells were transduced with lentivirus particles encoding klotho or scramble control. The reconstructed osteosarcoma cells were injected into the femoral medullary cavity of nude mice to establish a xenograft animal model. The anti-tumor properties of klotho were evaluated in terms of tumor growth, ...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - May 29, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Tools for Evolutionary and Genetic Analysis (TEGA): A new platform for the management of molecular and environmental data
Abstract Population genetics studies the distributions and changes in population allele frequencies in response to processes, such as mutation, natural selection, gene flow, and genetic drift. Researchers daily manage genetic, biological, and environmental data of the samples, storing them in text files or spreadsheets, which makes it difficult to maintain consistency and traceability. Here we present TEGA, a WEB-based stand-alone software developed for the easy analysis and management of population genetics data. It was designed to: 1) facilitate data management, 2) provide a way to execute the analysis procedures, and 3)...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - May 29, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of cotinine using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y)
Abstract Cotinine is the main metabolite of nicotine, which is metabolized in the liver through a cytochrome P450 enzyme. Different studies point to genetic instability caused by nicotine, such as single and double DNA strand breaks and micronuclei formation, but little is known about the effect of cotinine. Therefore, the present in vitro study assessed the effects of cotinine on cell viability and DNA damage in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, as well as genotoxicity related to oxidative stress mechanisms. Comparisons with nicotine were also performed. An alkaline comet assay modified by repair endonucleases (FPG, OGG1, and ...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - May 29, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Genetic differences among Moraxella bovis and Moraxella bovoculi isolates from infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) outbreaks in southern Brazil
The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of Moraxella bovis and Moraxella bovoculi bacteria isolated from infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) outbreaks in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The genetic diversity among Moraxella spp. was evaluated by RAPD-PCR, JWP1-JWOPA07-PCR, ERIC-PCR and by sequencing the 16S-23S intergenic regions. Based on the dendrogram, two genetically differentiated clades were observed; 14 isolates were classified as M. bovis and 17 as M. bovoculi. Genetic distances between the M. bovis samples ranged from 0.0379 to 0.4285, while for M. bovoculi the dissimilar...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - May 29, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
