The importance of optic nerve sheath hemorrhage as a postmortem finding in cases of fatal abusive head trauma: a 13-year study in a tertiary hospital
Physical child abuse is a major cause of death in infants and toddlers. Up to 80% of fatal child abuse cases are due to abusive head trauma.[1 –3] The mechanism of injury in cases of abusive head trauma may result from severe rotational and translational acceleration due to vigorous shaking (non-contact force), direct impact (contact force), or a combination of both.[2,4] Generally, an initial given history in correlation with the mechan ism of injury is usually inadequate and not reliable in most cases of child abuse. (Source: Forensic Science International)
Source: Forensic Science International - April 19, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Supot Puanglumyai, Suree Lekawanvijit Source Type: research
THC and CBD in blood samples and seizures in Norway: Does CBD affect THC-induced impairment in apprehended subjects?
Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug worldwide. Different types of products can be derived from the Cannabis sativa plant, with the main types being herbal cannabis (marijuana) and resin (hashish). The plant contains almost 500 compounds, including 104 cannabinoids [1], and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered to be the main psychoactive constituent [2]. (Source: Forensic Science International)
Source: Forensic Science International - April 15, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Stine Marie Havig, Gudrun H øiseth, Maren Cecilie Strand, Ritva Anneli Karinen, Gerd-Wenche Brochmann, Dag Helge Strand, Liliana Bachs, Vigdis Vindenes Source Type: research
Sexual dimorphism of the calcaneus in contemporary Cretans
In the past several decades, forensic anthropology as well as bioarchaeological research have expressed a growing interest towards identifying the sex of an individual from its skeletal elements. Long bones, flat bones and the skull have been the subject of numerous studies based on different reference populations employing a vast variety of different measurements [1 –5]. Amongst the sexually dimorphic bones of the human skeleton, the calcaneus, which is considered the most robust bone of the foot, is the focus of this study. (Source: Forensic Science International)
Source: Forensic Science International - April 15, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Despoina Nathena, Effrosyni Michopoulou, Elena F. Kranioti Tags: Forensic Anthropology Population Data Source Type: research
THC and CBD in Blood Samples and Seizures in Norway; Does CBD Affect THC-Induced Impairment in Apprehended Subjects?
Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug worldwide. Different types of products can be derived from the Cannabis sativa plant, with the main types being herbal cannabis (marijuana) and resin (hashish). The plant contains almost 500 compounds, including 104 cannabinoids [1], and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered to be the main psychoactive constituent [2]. (Source: Forensic Science International)
Source: Forensic Science International - April 15, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Stine Marie Havig, Gudrun H øiseth, Maren Cecilie Strand, Ritva Anneli Karinen, Gerd-Wenche Brochmann, Dag Helge Strand, Liliana Bachs, Vigdis Vindenes Source Type: research
Brephedrone: a new psychoactive substance seized in Brazil
Abusive use of controlled and proscribed substances has been, for many decades now, both a public health and security problem all over the world. In Brazil, the listing of those substances is done by ‘Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária’ (ANVISA), a federal agency responsible for regulating the pharmaceutical market, among other attributions. The roll of controlled and proscribed substances is published in ‘Portaria 344/98′, a document issued and updated regularly by ANVISA [1,2] . (Source: Forensic Science International)
Source: Forensic Science International - April 15, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Yuri Machado, Jos é Coelho Neto, Paulo Eduardo Nunes Barbosa, Rogério Araújo Lordeiro, Rosemeire Brondi Alves Source Type: research
Mapping Smokeless Powder Residue on PVC Pipe Bomb Fragments Using Total Vaporization Solid Phase Microextraction
Although it is not commonly known among the public, criminal bombings occur almost daily in the United States. For example, over 36,000 illegal bombing incidents occurred in the United States between 1983 and 2002 leading to over 5,900 injuries and 699 deaths [1]. The most recent statistics from the U.S. Bomb Data Center show that the number of explosive incidents reported in the U.S. has been steadily increasing since 2009. Although the number of people that were injured and killed declined between 2004 and 2007, a large increase is seen in 2013 due to the Boston Marathon Bombing (Fig. (Source: Forensic Science International)
Source: Forensic Science International - April 14, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Dana Bors, John Goodpaster Tags: Technical Note Source Type: research
Two fatalities associated with synthetic opioids: AH-7921 and MT-45
In recent years, new psychoactive substances (NPS) have flooded the recreational drug market. The two largest groups monitored by the EMCDDA (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction) are the synthetic cannabinoids and the cathinones [1]. Other than these two groups, there is a broad range of various other compounds such as new benzodiazepines, tryptamines, phenethylamines and opioids. Most recently, synthetic opioids have appeared on the drug market, including fentanyl derivatives and other opioid agonists such as AH-7921 and MT-45 which are described in the present cases. (Source: Forensic Science International)
Source: Forensic Science International - April 14, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Helena Fels, Julia Krueger, Hans Sachs, Frank Musshoff, Matthias Graw, Gabriele Roider, Andreas Stoever Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Sexual violence interventions: considerations for humanitarian settings
Sexual violence is a pervasive behaviour occurring in every culture, in all levels of society and in every country of the world [1]. Whilst the great majority of victims are women, men and children of both sexes also experienced sexual violence. Sexual violence can thus be regarded as a global problem not only in the geographical sense but also in terms of age and gender[2,3]. (Source: Forensic Science International)
Source: Forensic Science International - April 14, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: David Wells Source Type: research
Development and Validation of a Physical Model to Investigate the Biomechanics of Infant Head Impact
Head injury in childhood is the single most common cause of death and permanent disability from injury. Approximately 35,000 children are admitted to hospital in England each year with head injuries, of which 19% are younger than a year of age [1]. Many more children will attend the ED with a head injury, accounting for 9% of all childhood attendances [2]. (Source: Forensic Science International)
Source: Forensic Science International - April 13, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: M. Jones, D. Darwall, G. Khalid, R. Prabhu, A. Kemp, O. Arthurs, P. Theobald Source Type: research
Relevance of molecular testing in patients with a family history of sudden death
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) as defined by the World Health Organization, takes place during the first hour after the onset of symptoms in patients with known or unknown cardiac diseases [1]. SCD is a leading cause of death in industrial countries with an incidence of 18.6-126/100,000 per year. For the German State Lower Saxonia, an incidence rate of 81/100,000 was recently established [2]. It is generally accepted that coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction are the most common cardiac pathologies underlying SCD in elderly people, whereas in the younger population, a considerable proportion of SCD can be attribute...
Source: Forensic Science International - April 13, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Silke Kauferstein, Nadine Herz, Stefanie Scheiper, Stephanie Biel, Tina Jenewein, Malte Kunis, Damir Erkapic, Britt-Maria Beckmann, Thomas Neumann Source Type: research
Patterns produced when soil is transferred to bras by placing and dragging actions: the application of digital photography and image processing to support visible observations
Forensic soil examination has a wide range of advanced analytical methods available to compare soil with likely localities of origin [1 –10]. These methods are generally defined as biological, chemical or physical. However, the way in which soil transferred by actions such as dragging has received little attention, apart from the early work of Locard in 1930 [11]. All other laboratory-based investigations have focused on the trans fer of human-made manufactured materials such as textile fibres, glass, fluorescent powder, lighter flint particles and metal particles (glitter) [12–21]. (Source: Forensic Science International)
Source: Forensic Science International - April 8, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Kathleen R. Murray, Robert W. Fitzpatrick, Ralph Bottrill, Hilton Kobus Source Type: research
GC –MS quantitative analysis of black market pharmaceutical products containing anabolic androgenic steroids seized by the Brazilian Federal Police
Substandard, spurious, falsely labelled, falsified and counterfeit (SSFFC) medical products are a serious concern worldwide, reaching any therapeutic class [1]. SSFFC medicines can have no effect at all, result in therapeutic failure, be toxic or even cause death [1,2]. Substandard products, also known as out-of-specification products, are genuine medicines produced by authorized manufacturers that do not meet their quality specifications. Counterfeit (spurious, falsely labelled and falsified products, SFFC) are those deliberately and fraudulently mislabeled with respect to identity and/or source, both branded and generic ...
Source: Forensic Science International - April 4, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Diana Brito da Justa Neves, Eloisa Dutra Caldas Source Type: research
GC-MS quantitative analysis of black market pharmaceutical products containing anabolic androgenic steroids seized by the Brazilian Federal Police
Substandard, spurious, falsely labelled, falsified and counterfeit (SSFFC) medical products are a serious concern worldwide, reaching any therapeutic class [1]. SSFFC medicines can have no effect at all, result in therapeutic failure, be toxic or even cause death [1,2]. Substandard products, also known as out-of-specification products, are genuine medicines produced by authorized manufacturers that do not meet the quality specifications. Counterfeit (spurious, falsely labelled and falsified products, SFFC) are those deliberately and fraudulently mislabeled with respect to identity and/or source, both branded and generic pr...
Source: Forensic Science International - April 4, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Diana Brito da Justa Neves, Eloisa Dutra Caldas Source Type: research
A fully synthetic lung model for wound-ballistic experiments —First results
Due to the complexity of bullet –tissue interaction, the field of wound-ballistics still strongly relies on experiments in order to understand the injuring capacity of a certain ammunition type, e.g. the wound profile. The wound profile refers to the penetration depth, the bullet deformation/fragmentation, the diameter of the pe rmanent and the temporary wound cavity. (Source: Forensic Science International)
Source: Forensic Science International - April 3, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: S.A. Bolliger, S.A. Poschmann, M.J. Thali, S. Eggert Source Type: research
The role of illicit, licit, and designer drugs in the traffic in Hungary
Driving under the influence of illicit and licit drugs (DUID) has been punishable in Hungary since July 1999. According to data from Country Police Headquarters approximately 10-15,000 alcohol impairment cases per year were taken to court between 2000 and 2010 (personal communication) but drug impairment was proven in less than 120 cases per year [1]. The real number of DUID cases, however, is probably much higher. A roadside survey demonstrating a higher incidence of DUID was conducted (DRUID EU-6 project) in Csongr ád County (South-East Hungary,∼420 000 inhabitants), during which oral fluid samples of 2738 randomly st...
Source: Forensic Science International - April 3, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: L ászló Institóris, Előd Hidvégi, Adrienn Dobos, Éva Sija, Éva M. Kereszty, László Balázs Tajti, Gábor Pál Somogyi, Tibor Varga Source Type: research
