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Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (pull method) and Jejunal Extension Tube Placement
Conclusions PEG-pull method is the most widely used PEG technique. Appropriate patient selection, timing of the procedure, informed consent, antibiotic prophylaxis, adequate endoscopic air insufflation during PEG site selection, and optimal PEG site localization are the keys in this procedure. (Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy)
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Diagnosis of Pancreas Divisum Using Linear-Array Endosonography
Conclusions Linear-array EUS is an effective way to detect pancreas divisum, which is important in the work-up of idiopathic pancreatitis and in defining pancreatic ductal anatomy prior to ERCP. (Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy)
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Aortoenteric Fistula
Conclusions Diagnosis of aortoenteric fistula requires a high index of suspicion and careful history-taking. Endoscopic findings include adherent clots or bleeding at the fistula opening and/or eroded vascular graft or stent into the bowel. (Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy)
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Surveillance of Non-neoplastic Barrett׳s Esophagus and Application of the Prague-Classification
Publication date: April 2014 Source:Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy, Volume 2, Issue 1 Author(s): Mate Knabe , Jürgen Pohl Barrett׳s Esophagus (BE) is an important premalignant condition that predisposes to adenocarcinoma and there is evidence that the extent of the Barrett׳s segment correlates with the risk of malignancy. The extent of the endoscopic findings is described by the Prague classification using the Prague C & M criteria (C is the circumferential length and M is the maximal length). The purpose of these criteria is to simplify and standardize endoscopic characterization of the ex...
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Endoscopic Injection of a Ruptured Duodenal Varix with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate
Conclusions The presented case supports endoscopic injection sclerotherapy with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate as a treatment option for ruptured duodenal varices that, despite being a rare event, when it occurs, is often fatal. (Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy)
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Endoscopic Decompression, Detorsion, and Reduction of Sigmoid Volvulus
Conclusions Sigmoid volvulus is a medical emergency and diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion. Emergent EDDR and decompression tube placement should be utilized as a first line treatment for patients with uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus. (Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy)
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Endoscopic and Angiographic Diagnosis and Management of a Gastric Arteriovenous Malformation
Conclusions We propose that these two minimally invasive technologies can be used to manage AVM in the gut: endoscopic therapy to control luminal bleeding and interventional radiology to define the full extent of the malformation and to decrease arterial pressure and flow to the point that hemostasis can occur, without creating symptomatic ischemia. (Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy)
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Creating Video Manuscripts for the Video Journal & Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy: Tips and Comments from the Editors
Publication date: April 2014 Source:Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy, Volume 2, Issue 1 Author(s): Shou-jiang Tang , Friedrich Hagenmüller , Prateek Sharma , Hironori Yamamoto , Jürgen Pohl (Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy)
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Trans-Abdominal Ultrasound Guided ERC in a Pregnant Woman With Bile Duct Stones
Conclusion The exposure to radiation raises a problem in pregnant women because radiation is a possible risk for fetal disorders or premature labor, depending of the trimenon. For pregnant patients with symptomatic obstruction current guidelines recommend treatment by ERCP but with minimal exposure to radiation. This case report demonstrates a feasible alternative without fluoroscopy to the conventional fluoroscopic ERC in pregnant woman. (Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy)
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

The Morphologic Assessment of Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors
Conclusions Endoscopic features such as hyperemic change, polypoid lesions, irregular contours, and surface ulcers with tumor size ≥10mm in diameter are associated with metastasis in rectal NETs. In particular, atypical endoscopic features including hyperemic change, and surface ulcer with tumor size ≥10mm in diameter may help to predict the risk of metastasis of rectal NETs. (Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy)
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube Replacement
Conclusions PEG tube replacement can be easily replaced at bed-side in most cases. Occasionally, in difficult cases gastrostomy feeding tube replacement needs endoscopic guidance and assistance. (Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy)
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Endoscopic Management of Gastrocutaneous Fistula Using Clipping, Suturing, and Plugging Methods
Conclusions Health care providers need to be aware of this uncommon complication after PEG tube removal and management it with appropriate minimally invasive options where expertise and devices are available. Currently, tissue approximation with clips, intra-gastric and/or trans-abdominal suture placement is the preferred endoscopic options for fistula closure. (Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy)
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Features of Chronic Pancreatitis – A Focus on ERP
Publication date: Available online 14 July 2014 Source:Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy Author(s): Jörg Albert Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) offers an effective interventional option for treating symptomatic chronic pancreatitis. Endoscopic pancreatic sphincterotomy is performed to facilitated endoscopic treatment. Pancreatic duct strictures can be treated by inserting plastic stents, and a 10Fr endoprosthesis is adequate in many cases. Before stent insertion, hydrostatic balloon dilation is needed in some cases. Pancreatic stones can be removed with a dormia basket, but combinin...
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Safe Endoscopic Removal of a Migrated Esophageal Stent Using a Protection Hood
Publication date: Available online 8 August 2014 Source:Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy Author(s): Marta Serrani , Liza Ceroni , Pietro Fusaroli , M. Cristina D’Ercole , Giancarlo Caletti Delayed esophageal metallic stent migration after a neo-adjuvant therapy of advanced esophageal cancer is a relatively frequent event, which is sometimes due to tumor response to chemotherapy. Stent migration in the stomach is usually asymptomatic but it can cause potentially life-threatening complications as bowel obstruction or perforation. Most gastric migrations can be managed endoscopically; however endoscop...
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Features of Chronic Pancreatitis and Associated Masses: A Focus on Endosonography
Publication date: Available online 18 September 2014 Source:Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy Author(s): Bronte A. Holt , Shyam Varadarajulu EUS is highly accurate in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatic calcifications or five or more endosonographic criteria are consistent with chronic pancreatitis. Less than three criteria essentially rules out chronic pancreatitis. Three or four criteria are the best overall cutoffs. The number of criteria is used to estimate the likelihood of pancreatitis (i.e. low/medium/high), and is not recommended to stage the severity (i.e. mild/moderate/severe) of ...
Source: Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy - October 12, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research