Mapping training needs for dissemination and implementation research: lessons from a synthesis of existing D&I research training programs
This article, stemming from a 2013 NIH workshop, reviews experiences across multiple training programs to align training needs, career stage and role, and availability of programs. We briefly review D&I needs and opportunities by career stage and role, discuss variations among existing training programs in format, mentoring relationships, and other characteristics, identify challenges of mapping needs of trainees to programs, and present recommendations for future D&I research training. (Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine)
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - March 29, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
The dynamic epigenome and its implications for behavioral interventions: a role for epigenetics to inform disorder prevention and health promotion
Abstract
The emerging field of behavioral epigenetics is producing a growing body of evidence that early life experience and social exposure can alter the way by which genes are marked with DNA methylation. We hypothesize that changes in DNA methylation as well as other epigenetic markers could generate stable phenotypes. Early life adversity appears to result in altered DNA methylation of genes in the brain and peripheral tissues, and these changes are associated with adverse phenotypic changes. Although the data are still sparse, early epigenetic studies have provided a proof of principle that experienc...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - March 3, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
The full translational spectrum of prevention science
(Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine)
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - March 2, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
The Affordable Care Act and integrated behavioral health programs in community health centers to promote utilization of mental health services among Asian Americans
Abstract
The Affordable Care Act has greatly expanded health care coverage and recognizes mental health as a major priority. However, individuals suffering from mental health disorders still face layered barriers to receiving health care, especially Asian Americans. Integration of behavioral health services within primary care is a viable way of addressing underutilization of mental health services. This paper provides insight into a comprehensive care approach integrating behavioral health services into primary care to address underutilization of mental health services in the Asian American population. T...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - March 2, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Translating research into prevention of high-risk behaviors in the presence of complex systems: definitions and systems frameworks
Abstract
To impact population health, it is critical to collaborate across disciplinary and practice-based silos and integrate resources, experiences, and knowledge to exert positive change. Complex systems shape both the prevention outcomes researchers, practitioners, and policymakers seek to impact and how research is translated and can either impede or support movement from basic scientific discovery to impactful and scaled-up prevention practice. Systems science methods can be used to facilitate designing translation support that is grounded in a richer understanding of the many interacting forces aff...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - February 29, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Translational research on parenting of adolescents: Linking theory to valid observation measures for family centered prevention and treatment
Abstract
Parental monitoring and family problem solving are key parenting practices targeted in evidence-based interventions targeting adolescents and families, yet the constructs have yet to be validated across ethnic groups. The study’s objective was to promote translational research by evaluating convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of the two constructs at age 16–17 years through the use of multiple observation indicators and methods and as a function of ethnic status. Videotaped parent–adolescent family interactions were coded for monitoring and problem solving in a sample of 714 E...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - February 29, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Internet-based incentives increase blood glucose testing with a non-adherent, diverse sample of teens with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled Trial
Abstract
Non-adherence with self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) among teenagers with type 1 diabetes can be a problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of using Internet-based incentives to improve adherence with SMBG in non-adherent teenagers. Participants were randomly assigned to contingent (CS; N = 23), where they had to meet web camera-verified SMBG goals to earn incentives, or non-contingent (NS) groups (N = 18), where they earned incentives independent of adherence. Brief motivational interviewing (MI) was given prior to ...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - February 29, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Transdisciplinary translational behavioral (TDTB) research: opportunities, barriers, and innovations
Abstract
The translation of basic behavioral science discoveries into practical strategies represents a promising approach to developing more effective preventive interventions to improve health. Since translational research inevitably involves making use of diverse perspectives from multiple disciplines, it is best conducted as a transdisciplinary enterprise. In this paper, we discuss current strategies used by NIH to support transdisciplinary translational behavioral (TDTB) research, summarize successful efforts, and highlight challenges encountered in conducting such work (ranging from conceptual to or...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - February 29, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Indoor tanning promotions on social media in six US cities #UVTanning #tanning
Abstract
There is no research investigating indoor tanning advertising on social media. We assessed the use of social media to promote indoor tanning. We subscribed to social media platforms in six US cities and content-analyzed promotional messages received. We captured 662 messages on Twitter and Facebook, through salon emails, and in daily deal coupons. Salon postings were most frequent on Twitter and Facebook, with an average of 2–3 postings per week. National chains posted more frequently than local businesses. Forty percent of messages were devoid of tanning content and included photos, jokes, or ...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - February 26, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Agile science: creating useful products for behavior change in the real world
Abstract
Evidence-based practice is important for behavioral interventions but there is debate on how best to support real-world behavior change. The purpose of this paper is to define products and a preliminary process for efficiently and adaptively creating and curating a knowledge base for behavior change for real-world implementation. We look to evidence-based practice suggestions and draw parallels to software development. We argue to target three products: (1) the smallest, meaningful, self-contained, and repurposable behavior change modules of an intervention; (2) “computational models” that de...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - February 26, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Implementation of collaborative goal setting for diabetes in community primary care
Abstract
Collaborative goal setting (CGS) is a cornerstone of diabetes self-management support, but little is known about its feasibility and effectiveness during routine care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of an existing CGS intervention when integrated by primary care staff. Using a mixed-methods approach guided by the RE-AIM framework, intervention adoption, implementation, reach, and effectiveness were evaluated over 12 months. Three of four sites adopted the CGS intervention, in which 521 patients with type 2 diabetes (9–29 % of those targeted) received CGS. For those w...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - February 22, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Development and refinement of a clinician intervention to facilitate primary care patient use of the PTSD Coach app
This study developed and refined an intervention to provide clinician support to facilitate use of the PTSD Coach app and gathered VA provider and patient qualitative and quantitative feedback on CS-PTSD Coach to investigate preliminary acceptability and implementation barriers/facilitators. VA primary care providers and mental health leadership (N = 9) completed a survey and interview regarding implementation barriers and facilitators structured according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Clinicians who delivered CS-PTSD Coach (N = 3) and patients (N = 9) who received it provide...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - February 22, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
A computational cognitive model of self-efficacy and daily adherence in mHealth
Abstract
Mobile health (mHealth) applications provide an excellent opportunity for collecting rich, fine-grained data necessary for understanding and predicting day-to-day health behavior change dynamics. A computational predictive model (ACT-R-DStress) is presented and fit to individual daily adherence in 28-day mHealth exercise programs. The ACT-R-DStress model refines the psychological construct of self-efficacy. To explain and predict the dynamics of self-efficacy and predict individual performance of targeted behaviors, the self-efficacy construct is implemented as a theory-based neurocognitive simul...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - February 22, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Reach and representativeness of ethnic minority women in the Health Is Power Study: a longitudinal analysis
This study examined reach and representativeness of a multi-city, randomized controlled community health trial in African American (AA) and Hispanic or Latina (HL) women. Participants completed measures of demographics, body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, resting heart rate, and blood pressure followed by a run-in procedure and a randomization meeting. AA were more likely to be screened out initially; HL were more likely to drop out. Participation did not differ by city or recruitment method. Women who completed the post-intervention assessment were more likely to be AA, older, and have higher socioeconomic status (p ...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - February 18, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Recall of indoor tanning salon warnings and safety guidelines among a national sample of tanners
Abstract
Indoor tanning (IT) is a known carcinogen, and regulation has increased across the USA. However, there is minimal point-of-sale regulation for adult users. The purpose of the present study is to explore whether IT users recall being provided with warnings or safety guidelines at tanning salons. A national sample of 273 young adult, female IT users (mean age = 22.26, SD = 2.38) was surveyed regarding the frequency that they recalled being provided with six different warnings and safety guidelines when at tanning salons. Between 65 and 90.1 % of participants reported recalling the various ...
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine - February 18, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
