A numerical classification system for cleft lip and palate in the dog
An easy‐to‐use classification that enables an accurate record of canine cleft lip and palate is fundamental for effective communication between professionals and researchers and optimal use of published information. Here we present how a classification system for human cleft lip and palate can be used to register spontaneous cases in dogs, highlighting its advantages. This system is based on four topographic areas with a numerical representation of the severity of the cleft in each area. The use of spontaneous cases has the advantage of providing clefts that are naturally similar to their human counterparts for surgica...
Source: The Journal of Small Animal Practice - September 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: E. Moura, C. T. Pimp ão Tags: ESSAY Source Type: research

Comparison of direct in ‐house cerebrospinal fluid cytology with commercial pathology results in dogs
ObjectivesTo investigate the correspondence between in‐house direct cytological assessment of cerebrospinal fluid and results from a commercial veterinary pathology laboratory. MethodsProspective inclusion of Study samples from dogs that were presented for investigation of suspected neurological disease and had cerebrospinal fluid samples submitted to a commercial pathology laboratory for analysis. A board‐certified veterinary pathologist assessed all cerebrospinal fluid samples, and a line smear was assessed in‐house by two observers. Nucleated cell count, red blood cell count and differential cell counts were recor...
Source: The Journal of Small Animal Practice - September 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: P. L. Newton, D. R. Fry, M. P. Best Tags: PAPER Source Type: research

Systemic hypertension in cats with acute kidney injury
ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of systemic hypertension in cats with community‐acquired acute kidney injury and investigate its relationship with disease severity. Materials and MethodsRetrospective study of cats presenting to the Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, Royal Veterinary College with acute kidney injury between 2007 and 2015. Systolic blood pressure was measured using Doppler sphygmomanometry and systemic hypertension was defined pressures ê150 mmHg. Median systolic blood pressure measurement, grade of acute kidney injury (as defined by the International Renal Interest Society), serum creatinine on adm...
Source: The Journal of Small Animal Practice - September 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: L. Cole, R. Jepson, K. Humm Tags: PAPER Source Type: research

New perspectives on the development of extrahepatic portosystemic shunts
In this essay we use clinical evidence and knowledge of anatomy to examine the relationship between blood flow and formation of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs and cats. First we report on the clinical findings in a series of 50 dogs and 10 cats and then systematically review peer‐reviewed data on the detailed anatomy of shunts in dogs and cats. In dogs four types of shunt: spleno‐caval, left gastro‐phrenic, left gastro‐azygos and those involving the right gastric vein account for 94% of extrahepatic shunts. Cats also exhibit four types of shunt: spleno‐caval, left gastrophrenic, left gastro...
Source: The Journal of Small Animal Practice - September 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: R. N. White, C. Shales, A. T. Parry Tags: ESSAYS Source Type: research

Gonioscopy in the dog: inter ‐examiner variability and the search for a grading scheme
ObjectivesTo investigate inter‐examiner variability in gonioscopic evaluation of pectinate ligament abnormality in dogs and to assess level of inter‐examiner agreement for four different gonioscopy grading schemes. Materials and MethodsTwo examiners performed gonioscopy in 98 eyes of 49 Welsh springer spaniel dogs and estimated the percentage circumference of iridocorneal angle affected by pectinate ligament abnormality to the nearest 5%. Percentage scores assigned to each eye by the two examiners were compared. Inter‐examiner agreement was assessed following assignment of the percentage scores to each of four gradin...
Source: The Journal of Small Animal Practice - September 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: J. A. C. Oliver, B. C. Cottrell, J. R. Newton, C. S. Mellersh Tags: PAPER Source Type: research