Oesophageal atresia and tracheo-oesophageal fistula
Publication date: Available online 22 October 2019Source: Surgery (Oxford)Author(s): Spencer W. BeasleyAbstractOesophageal atresia and tracheo-oesophageal fistula is a congenital structural abnormality that affects 1:4500 live infants. It is due to failure of the primitive foregut tube to separate correctly into oesophagus and trachea. About 50% have associated abnormalities, of which the VACTERL (Vertebral, Anorectal, Cardiac, Tracheo-oEsophageal, Renal and Limb) association is the most common. Prematurity is common and all have some degree of tracheomalacia. Surgery of the common type can be performed through a fourth in...
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - October 23, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Necrotizing enterocolitis
Publication date: Available online 22 October 2019Source: Surgery (Oxford)Author(s): Hemanshoo S. Thakkar, Kokila LakhooAbstractNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a neonatal surgical emergency with potentially devastating consequences. Preterm infants of very low birth weight are most at risk with several genetic and environmental risk factors identified. The local microbial environment plays a key role in early life to help reduce the risk of NEC. Breast milk has also shown to be protective. The disease is characterized by infection, inflammation and ischaemia of the bowel affecting focal, segmental or the entire length o...
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - October 23, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Publication date: Available online 22 October 2019Source: Surgery (Oxford)Author(s): Andrew R Ross, Paul R.V. JohnsonAbstractInfantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is the most common cause of gastric outlet obstruction in infants and is one of the most common conditions requiring surgery in the newborn. It arises from marked hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle (primarily circular layer), resulting in partial or complete luminal occlusion. Classically these infants have persistent non-bilious vomiting, are dehydrated with weight loss, and have a hypokalaemic, hypochloraemic metabolic alkalosis. Treatment requires init...
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - October 23, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Contents
Publication date: October 2019Source: Surgery (Oxford), Volume 37, Issue 10Author(s): (Source: Surgery (Oxford))
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - October 10, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: October 2019Source: Surgery (Oxford), Volume 37, Issue 10Author(s): (Source: Surgery (Oxford))
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - October 10, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
MCQ and single best answer
Publication date: Available online 26 September 2019Source: Surgery (Oxford)Author(s): Adrian Ben Cresswell (Source: Surgery (Oxford))
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - September 27, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Contents
Publication date: September 2019Source: Surgery (Oxford), Volume 37, Issue 9Author(s): (Source: Surgery (Oxford))
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - September 18, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
“Erratum to Imaging the spine” [Surgery 36/7 (2018) 370–382]
Publication date: September 2019Source: Surgery (Oxford), Volume 37, Issue 9Author(s): Jenn S. Wong, Priya Suresh (Source: Surgery (Oxford))
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - September 18, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: September 2019Source: Surgery (Oxford), Volume 37, Issue 9Author(s): (Source: Surgery (Oxford))
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - September 18, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Trauma laparotomy and damage control surgery
This article discusses the different mechanisms of injury, early assessment and investigations. It goes on to highlight the features of a trauma laparotomy, its preparation, management and the systematic approach for damage control surgery. The main abdominal organs are outlined in more detail to describe the individual approach to them in trauma. (Source: Surgery (Oxford))
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - September 13, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Laparoscopic management of acute abdominal emergencies
Publication date: Available online 12 September 2019Source: Surgery (Oxford)Author(s): Rishabh Singh, Andrea ScalaAbstractUse of minimally invasive approaches to acute abdominal surgical emergencies has increased in recent decades. Uptake has been slower than for elective surgery, however, with concerns regarding inadvertent injury and operative time being most frequently cited. Laparoscopy for abdominal pain has shown to be safe and is a useful diagnostic procedure in the context of unexplained abdominal pain. Minimally invasive surgery has also been shown to be the approach of choice in appendicitis and cholecystitis. La...
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - September 13, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Physiology of shock and volume resuscitation
This article therefore focuses on the pathophysiology of hypovolaemic shock, volume resuscitation, haemostasis and approaches to management. Fluid resuscitation saves lives but considerable debate remains regarding the ideal fluid type and strategy to use. Blood transfusion is also a critical therapy in the shocked, bleeding patient with a lower threshold for transfusion being appropriate in the elderly patient with less physiological reserve. Reversal of anticoagulant medications and the administration of coagulation products should support both fluid and red cell therapy to counteract the multifactorial coagulopathy that...
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - September 10, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
The management of bariatric surgery complications
Publication date: Available online 7 September 2019Source: Surgery (Oxford)Author(s): William Hawkins, Ian MaheswaranAbstractBariatric surgery is now commonplace in the UK and has been demonstrated to be safe and effective. Complications that present as an emergency are unusual but will be seen more frequently as the number of patients who have undergone weight loss surgery rises. The optimal management encompasses a low threshold of suspicion and early diagnosis of complications, coupled with expertise to deal with them. It is therefore important for a general surgeon to have an understanding of the common bariatric proce...
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - September 8, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Management of massive gastrointestinal haemorrhage
Publication date: Available online 7 September 2019Source: Surgery (Oxford)Author(s): Paul D. Mackenzie, Matthew Rogers, Michelle Gallagher, Timothy RockallAbstractAcute gastrointestinal bleeding is a common medical emergency, accounting for approximately 85,000 admissions in the United Kingdom per annum. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. GI haemorrhage is commonly categorized according to source of blood loss; either upper GI (above the ligament of Treitz) or lower GI (below the ligament of Treitz). Rapid assessment, resuscitation and correction of coagulopathy should be undertaken to stabilize th...
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - September 8, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
The detection and management of complications following the treatment of liver metastases
This article will describe the current common liver-directed therapies and outline the presentation and management of their complications. (Source: Surgery (Oxford))
Source: Surgery (Oxford) - September 7, 2019 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
